为提高轮廓加工精度采用DOB和ZPETC的直线伺服鲁棒跟踪控制

为了提高轮廓加工精度,本文针对高精度直线伺服系统,提出了一种将零相位误差跟踪控制器(ZPETC)和干扰观测器(DOB)相结合的鲁棒跟踪控制策略.ZPETC作为前馈跟踪控制器,保证了快速性,使系统实现准确跟踪;基于DOB的鲁棒反馈控制器补偿了外部扰动、未建模动态、系统参数变化和机械非线性等,保证了系统的强鲁棒性能.仿真结果表明了所提出的控制方案是有效的,既能实现完好跟踪,又有较强的鲁棒性能.从而有效地减小了轮廓误差,提高了轮廓加工精度.     

Nonlinear hierarchical control of a quad tilt‐wing UAV: An adaptive control approach

In this paper, a nonlinear hierarchical adaptive control framework is proposed for the control of a quad tilt‐wing unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV). An outer loop model reference adaptive controller with robustifying terms creates required forces to be able to move the UAV on a reference trajectory, and an inner loop nonlinear adaptive controller realizes the required attitude angles to achieve these forces. A rigorous stability analysis is provided showing the boundedness of all the signals in this cascaded controller structure. The development and the stability analysis of the controller do not use any linearizations and use the full nonlinear UAV dynamics. The controller is implemented on a high‐fidelity nonlinear tilt‐wing quadrotor model in the presence of uncertainties, wind disturbances, and measurement noise as well as actuator and structural failures. In this work, in addition to earlier modeling studies, the effect of wing‐angle variations, actuator failures, and structural failures and their effect on the center of gravity of the UAV are rigorously and systematically investigated and reflected in the model. Simulation results showing the performance of the proposed controller and a comparison with the fixed controller used in earlier studies are presented in the paper.     

执行器非线性超低空空投航迹倾角自适应控制

针对超低空空投下滑阶段执行器非线性、外界不确定性大气扰动以及模型存在未知非线性等因素干扰轨迹精确跟踪问题,提出一种鲁棒自适应神经网络动态面跟踪控制方法。建立了含执行器输入非线性的超低空空投载机纵向非线性模型,采用神经网络逼近模型中未知非线性函数,引入非线性鲁棒补偿项消除了执行器非线性建模误差和外界扰动。应用Lyapunov稳定性理论证明了闭环系统所有信号均是有界收敛的。仿真验证了所提方法既保证了轨迹跟踪的精确性又具有较强的鲁棒性。     

STATCOM无功电流的鲁棒自适应控制

从器件级、装置级和系统级3个层次讨论电压源型STATCOM的数学建模和控制器设计;提出了一种鲁棒型直接自适应控制算法,以解决STATCOM模型参数未知情况下无功电流的追踪控制问题。在对象系统严格正实性得以验证的基础上,系统地选择了控制器设计参数,并考虑了输入输出噪声对控制系统的影响,从而使控制器具有较好的鲁棒性。数字仿真结果表明,得到的控制器在追踪控制能力和鲁棒特性等方面比PI控制优越。     

机器人轨迹跟踪改进PD控制研究

针对机器人的特征参数在运动过程中随工况变化及外界干扰产生大幅度变化的问题,采用模糊自校正PD控制的基础上引入智能积分环节,设计了一种用于机器人轨迹跟踪的模糊自校正PD控制器.仿真和实验结果表明,该控制方案能实现较高精度的快速轨迹跟踪,同时可消弱或避免PD控制中的振荡现象和稳态误差.系统对参数摄动和外界干扰具有较强的鲁棒性.     

基于ZPETC和DOB的永磁直线同步电机的鲁棒跟踪控制

针对高精度永磁直线同步电机直接驱动伺服系统，提出了一种将零相位误差跟踪控制器(ZPETC)和干扰观测器(DOB)相结合的鲁棒跟踪控制策略，以提高系统的跟踪性能和鲁棒性能。ZPETC作为前馈跟踪控制器，保证了快速性，使系统实现准确跟踪；基于DOB的鲁棒反馈控制器补偿了外部扰动、未建模动态、系统参数变化和机械非线性等，保证了系统的强鲁棒性。仿真结果表明，所提出的控制方案在保证系统实现完好跟踪的同时，又具有较强的鲁棒性，从而改善了数控机床进给系统的定位精度，进而提高了轮廓加工精度。     

新型随动系统的非线性控制和综合方法及实验验证

提出了一种新的电动机随动系统的非线性控制和综合方法.通过引进逆步式设计方法和流程,作者提出了新的随动系统非线性控制的算法和解析解,并且推证了系统的指数式稳定性.进而,作者将非线性控制算法和解析解演化为新的非线性控制系统结构图.在通过数字仿真验证了理论推导后,作者用了单片DSP(TMS320C32)来实现新的电动机随动系统的非线性数字控制.实验和仿真结果验证了新的控制结构和综合方法可以提高随动控制系统的外环频带宽度,减少对于斜坡给定信号的跟踪误差,和提高抗负荷干扰的性能.     

Adaptive enhanced sliding mode control for permanent magnet synchronous motor drives

An adaptive enhanced sliding mode control (AESMC) scheme for the position tracking control of permanent magnet synchronous motor drives is proposed in this paper. The AESMC system is composed of three controllers: the adaptive model compensation controller, which is used to compensate for the parameter perturbations to achieve perfect tracking; the hitting controller, which is considered to attenuate the effect of external load disturbance and the compensation error; and the robust feedback controller, which is used to enhance the stability of the closed‐loop system and to improve the transient performance while the AESMC is in the learning process. Moreover, the bound of the lumped disturbance is assumed to be unknown, and an adaptive mechanism is investigated to estimate this bound. Simulation results show that the proposed AESMC scheme has a favorable tracking performance in spite of various model uncertainties. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Robust nonlinear receding-horizon control of induction motors

Nonlinear robust receding-horizon control is designed and applied to fifth-order model of induction motor in cascade structure. The controller is based on a finite horizon continuous time minimization of the predicted tracking errors and no online optimization is needed. The initial system is decomposed into two sub-systems (mechanical and electromagnetic sub-systems) in cascade form. An integral action is incorporated in external loop to increase the robustness of the controller with respect to unknown time-varying load torque and mechanical parameters uncertainties. The control uses only measurement of the rotor speed and stator currents. The rotor flux is estimated by Kalman filter. The proposed nonlinear controller permits to achieve asymptotic speed and flux tracking in presence of mechanical parameters uncertainties, unknown variable load torque and resistances variations. In addition, it assures asymptotic decoupling of the speed and flux subsystems. The controller is applied, via simulation, to a benchmark example.     

Attitude control of reusable launch vehicle in reentry phase with input constraint via robust adaptive backstepping control

The paper presents an attitude control problem of reusable launch vehicles in reentry phase. The controller is designed based on synthesizing robust adaptive control into backstepping control procedure in the presence of input constraint, model uncertainty, and external disturbance. In view of the coupling between the states of translational motion and the states of attitude motion, the control‐oriented model is developed, where the uncertainties do not satisfy linear parameterization assumption. The time derivative of the virtual control input is viewed as a part of uncertain term to facilitate the analytic computations and avoid the ‘explosion of terms’ problem. The robust adaptive backstepping control scheme is first proposed to overcome the uncertainty and external disturbance. The robust adaptive law is employed to estimate the unknown bound of the uncertain term. Furthermore, the attitude control problem subjects to input constraint is studied, and the constrained robust adaptive backstepping control strategy is proposed. Within the Lyapunov theory framework, the stability analysis of the closed‐loop system is carried out, and the tracking error converges to a random neighborhood around origin. Six‐degree‐of‐freedom reusable launch vehicle simulation results are presented to show the effectiveness of the proposed control strategy. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

不确定混沌系统的鲁棒自适应容错同步控制

针对一类带有执行器故障、非线性不确定性以及外界干扰的混沌系统,设计一个鲁棒自适应容错控制器,来实现主从混沌系统之间的同步容错控制。不需要知晓准确的故障信息以及外界干扰的上界,根据自适应律在线估计未知量。结合自适应控制技术,设计鲁棒自适应容错控制器,使得无论执行器是否有故障发生,主从两个混沌系统都能够实现同步。以经典的蔡氏混沌电路系统为例进行数值仿真,仿真结果验证了所设计控制器的有效性和可行性。     

Reinforcing robustness of adaptive dynamic surface control

Adaptive dynamic surface control (ADSC) design was proposed as an alternative to adaptive backstepping, capable of curing the ‘explosion of complexity’ problem, caused by the repeated differentiations of the so called intermediate control signals. However, as it is clearly demonstrated in this work, ADSC schemes are sensitive to modeling uncertainties and/or additive external disturbances. In fact, it is shown that a uniformly bounded exogenous perturbation of unknown upper bound may easily destabilize the closed‐loop system. Subsequently, a constructive methodology based on the recently developed by the authors prescribed performance control technique, is proposed, which combined with an ADSC design, results in a modified scheme possessing significantly increased robustness properties. Simulation studies illustrate the approach. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Sliding mode disturbance observer‐based adaptive control for uncertain MIMO nonlinear systems with dead‐zone

In this paper, an adaptive integral sliding mode control (ISMC) scheme is developed for a class of uncertain multi‐input and multi‐output nonlinear systems with unknown external disturbance, system uncertainty, and dead‐zone. The research is motivated by the fact that the ISMC scheme against unknown external disturbance and system uncertainty is very important for multi‐input and multi‐output nonlinear systems. The system uncertainty, the unknown external disturbance, and the effect of dead‐zone are integrated as a compounded disturbance, which is well estimated using a sliding mode disturbance observer (SMDO). Then, the adaptive ISMC based on the designed SMDO is presented to guarantee the satisfactory tracking performance in the presence of system uncertainty, external disturbance, and dead‐zone. Finally, the designed adaptive ISMC strategy based on SMDO is applied to the attitude control of the near space vehicle, and simulation results are presented to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed adaptive ISMC scheme using the SMDO. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

永磁直线同步电机自适应反推滑模控制

针对高速高精数控机床直线伺服系统,考虑参数变化、外部负载扰动和摩擦力等不确定因素对系统伺服性能的影响,设计反推滑模控制器(ABSMC).实际应用中不确定确界未知,通过设计自适应率修正不确定确界观测值.经分析验证,并与反推滑模控制相比,自适应反推滑模算法在保证系统全局一致渐进稳定情况下,能很好抑制不确定因素对系统性能的影响,位置跟踪鲁棒性强,同时抖振得到明显削弱.     

基于模糊神经网络滑模控制器的一类非线性系统自适应控制

虽然滑模控制具有控制简单和对不确定性与扰动不灵敏等优点，但是控制信号中的颤动是其应用中需解决的主要问题。该文首先针对一类非线性系统提出了一个新型控制器-模糊神经网络滑模控制器。新控制器不仅能消除颤动，而且比一般滑模控制器具有更强的鲁棒性。然而它与一般滑模控制器相比有较大的跟踪误差。为了解决这个问题，提出了结合滑控制器和模糊神经网络滑模控制器的自适应控制方法。这种自适应控制方案可以减小跟踪误差，增强系统的鲁棒性和消除控制信号中的颤动。仿真结果说明了控制方案的有效性。     

Adaptive fault‐tolerant attitude tracking control for spacecraft formation with unknown inertia

In this paper, an adaptive fault‐tolerant attitude coordinated tracking problem for spacecraft formation is investigated under a directed communication topology containing a spanning tree with the leader as the root, where inertia matrices and external disturbances are unknown time‐varying. With no prior knowledge of faults and inertia, an adaptive approach is proposed to reject the influence of disturbances and uncertainties. Meanwhile, combining with a consensus algorithm and graph theory, an adaptive fault‐tolerant attitude synchronization tracking control law is presented to regulate the attitude to a common time‐varying reference state. Aiming at optimizing the control law, a dynamic adjustment function is introduced to adjust the control gain according to the attitude tracking error. The effectiveness of the proposed control approach is demonstrated through simulation results.     

Distributed adaptive neural network fixed-time leader-follower attitude consensus control for multiple rigid spacecraft

In this paper, the problem of fixed-time attitude consensus control is addressed for a group of rigid spacecraft in the presence of inertia uncertainties and external disturbances. By applying the adaptive technique and neural network approximation technique to handle the disturbances and uncertainties, an adaptive neural network-based distributed protocol is proposed to achieve attitude consensus control for multiple rigid spacecraft. The proposed distributed attitude consensus protocol is composed of a group of distributed fixed-time observers for followers to estimate the leader's information and an adaptive neural network-based fixed-time sliding mode control law to realize attitude tracking control. Rigorous proofs are provided to demonstrate that the estimation errors of the proposed observers are convergent in a fixed time. Further, it is also proven that attitude tracking errors reach some adjustable regions in a fixed time under the proposed attitude consensus protocol. Numerical simulations are conducted to illustrate the performance of the proposed distributed attitude consensus protocol.     

永磁直线同步电机的自适应增量滑模控制

针对永磁直线同步电机(PMLSM)直接驱动伺服系统易受参数变化、外部扰动、端部效应等不确定性因素的影响,提出了一种自适应增量滑模控制(AISMC)方法。通过利用系统先前的状态信息和控制动作来设计增量滑模控制器,同时选择饱和函数作为切换函数,不仅削弱了抖振,而且提高了系统的跟踪性能。然后利用自适应控制来观测和补偿参数变化与外部扰动等不确定性因素的影响,并对不确定性参数的界限进行实时估计,设计出自适应增量滑模控制器。从理论上分析证明了此控制器可以保证系统收敛,具有快速的收敛速度,提高了直线伺服系统的跟踪性能。通过系统实验,证明了所提出的AISMC方案的有效性,与滑模控制(SMC)相比,基于AISMC的系统具有较强的鲁棒性和精确的跟踪性,明显削弱了抖振现象。     

永磁同步电机混合LQ—H∞控制研究

为了抑制永磁同步电机存在的参数摄动、负载扰动等不确定因素对系统性能的影响,该文提出了一种将线性二次型（LQ）最优控制同H∞鲁棒控制相结合的鲁棒跟踪控制策略。H∞控制作为抗扰调节器,保证系统的鲁棒性能,克服系统中存在的模型不确定性与外部干扰对系统性能的影响;LQ最优控制作为跟随调节器可以保证系统的跟踪性能。仿真结果表明,设计的LQ—H∞混合控制器对参数摄动和负载扰动具有较强的鲁棒性,而且系统具有较强的跟踪性能。     

The robust adaptive control of chaotic systems with unknown parameters and external disturbance via a scalar input

This paper investigates the control of chaotic systems in the presence of unknown parameters, model uncertainties, and external disturbance. We first discuss the control of a class of chaotic systems and then investigate the control of general chaotic systems. Based on the adaptive control scheme, some novel criteria are proposed via a backstepping‐like procedure. As an example, the control of the Zhang hyperchaotic system is investigated via a single input. Some numerical simulations are given to demonstrate the robustness and efficiency of the proposed approach. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.