A Comprehensive Evaluation of High Viscous Crude Oil from Shuguang No. 1 Zone of Liaohe Oil Field

The high viscous crude oil from Shuguang No. 1 zone of Liaohe oil field has the characteristics of high density (ρ₂₀ = 0.9977 g cm^-3), great viscosity (ν₁₀₀ = 1223.9 mm² s^-1) and high pour point (48°C), which are similar to those of the residue distillation of general crude oils. It contains no gasoline distillation and the diesel oil fraction yield is just 7.19%. It is often used as fuels after emulsification. But this oil is so vicious that it cannot be atomized uniformly and burned fully. In order to make full use of it, this kind of high viscous crude oil has been evaluated comprehensively and the properties of its various distillations are analyzed respectively. The results indicate that this crude oil contains less wax, but more resins and asphaltene, which belongs to low-sulfur naphthene-base crude oils and it is the suitable material to produce high-quality paving asphalt. Based on its characteristics, the optimum processing scheme is put forward and the high-quality paving asphalt is produced by using the distillation higher than 350°C.     

STUDY ON PROCESSING SCHEME OF HIGH VISCOUS CRUDE FROM NO.1 SHUGUANG ZONE OF LIAOHE OIL

The characteristics of the high viscous crude from No.1 Shuguang Zone of Liaohe Oil Field are similar to those of residue distillates of general crude such as high density (ρ₂₀ = 0.9977 g.cm^?3), high viscidity (ν₁₀₀ = 1223.9 mm².s^?1) and high solidifying point(SP = 48°C). It contains no gasoline distillate and diesel yield is just 7.19%. And now it is only used as fuel. In order to make full use of this oil, the high viscous crude from No.1 Shuguang Zone of Liaohe Oil Field is evaluated comprehensively. And the properties of various distillates from the crude are analyzed and evaluated respectively. The results indicate that this oil contains less wax, but rich in resin and asphaltene, which belongs to low sulfur naphthene-base crude oil and can be used as feedstock to produce high paving asphalt. According to its characteristics, the optimum processing scheme is put forward and the high grade paving asphalts are produced by using the distillates higher than 350°C.     

Production of High-Grade Asphalt from Liaoshu Crude Oil

Abstract

The high viscous crude oil for Shuguang No. 1 zone of Liaohe oilfield has the characteristics of high density (ρ₂₀ = 0.9977 g.cm^?3), high viscidity (ν₁₀₀ = 1,223.9 mm².s^?1), and high solidifying point (SP = 48°C), which belongs to low sulfur naphthene-base crude oil. The comprehensive evaluations indicate that this oil has no gasoline fraction and the diesel oil is only 7.19%. In addition, the lubricating oil distillate is not suited to produce lubricating oil and heavy oil is not good feedstock for catalytic cracking. However, the low wax and high resin, as well as asphaltene content, make it an ideal raw material for producing paving asphalt. The vacuum residue of this crude acted as base oil and three kinds of waste oil with high aromatics and low wax content were selected as blenders. Various brands of high-grade paving asphalts meeting GB/T15180-94 (China) specification were produced by blending method. The blending effects were investigated and corresponding mathematics models were set up.     

THE STUDY OF PRODUCING HEAVY TRAFFIC ASPHALT BY USING THE HIGH VISCOUS CRUDE FROM NO.l SHUGUANG ZONE OF LIAOHE OIL FIELD

ABSTRACT

The characteristics of the high viscous crude from No. 1 Shuguang Zone of Liaohe Oil Field are similar to those of residue distillates of general crude such as high density(ρ ₂₀=0·9977 g.cm^-3),high viscidity υ ₁₀₀= 1223·9 mm².s-¹) and high carbon/hydrogen ratio. This oil contains less wax, but rich in resin and asphalt, which belongs to low sulfur naphthene-base crude oil and can be used as feedstock to produce high paving asphalt. But now it is used as fuel after emulsificating. In order to make full use of this oil and resolve the problem of paving asphalt demand-supply, various paving asphalts conforming to GB50092-96 standard were produced by blending vacuum residue of the high viscous crude from No.l Shuguang Zone of Liaohe Oil Field and waste oil which is rich in aromatics and poor in wax. The laboratory test results show that modified paving asphalts have good low-temperature properties and antiaging feature.     

The Evaluation of Oil Sand Bitumen Produced From Inner Mongolia

On the basis of an analysis, the bitumen produced from Inner Mongolia oil sand belongs to a kind of sour naphthenic based oil with the properties of high density (ρ₂₀ = 0. 9996 g·cm^?3), high viscosity (υ₁₀₀ = 1553/(mm²·sec^?1)), rich resin, and asphalt. After a series of fractions is cut by true boiling distillation (TBP) SBD-β instrument and analyzed by corresponding instruments, the processing scheme of tar sand bitumen is proposed. The initial boiling point is 281°C, and the yield of diesel, lube oil, and residual oil is 4.54%, 16.73%, and 38.06%, respectively.     

THE STUDY OF PRODUCING HEAVY TRAFFIC ASPHALT BY USING THE HIGH VISCOUS CRUDE FROM NO.l SHUGUANG ZONE OF LIAOHE OIL FIELD

The characteristics of the high viscous crude from No. 1 Shuguang Zone of Liaohe Oil Field are similar to those of residue distillates of general crude such as high density(ρ ₂₀=0·9977 g.cm^-3),high viscidity υ ₁₀₀= 1223·9 mm².s-¹) and high carbon/hydrogen ratio. This oil contains less wax, but rich in resin and asphalt, which belongs to low sulfur naphthene-base crude oil and can be used as feedstock to produce high paving asphalt. But now it is used as fuel after emulsificating. In order to make full use of this oil and resolve the problem of paving asphalt demand-supply, various paving asphalts conforming to GB50092-96 standard were produced by blending vacuum residue of the high viscous crude from No.l Shuguang Zone of Liaohe Oil Field and waste oil which is rich in aromatics and poor in wax. The laboratory test results show that modified paving asphalts have good low-temperature properties and antiaging feature.     

高等级道路沥青生产技术的开发与应用

以进口沙特中质、科威特、阿曼及伊朗拉万等中东含硫原油及国内绥中３６－１原油为原料,利用减压深拔、半氧化、溶剂抽提及调合等工艺,开发了制取符合中石化集团公司Ｑ／ＳＨＲ００３－１９９８标准的ＡＨ－７０、ＡＨ－９０高等级道路沥青生产技术,并成功地应用于生产企业。所生产的沥青产品已用于国内高等级公路的建设,经交通部门评价,各项路用性能达到进口优质沥青的水平。     

用辽河高粘原油生产重交通道路沥青的研究——（Ⅰ）辽河高粘原油性质及评价

对辽河油田曙光一区高粘原油性质作了分析评价。结果表明,此原油粘度极大,凝点高,初馏点高,无汽油馏分,柴油馏分收率仅为7．19％,此原油不适合作为生产汽、煤、柴油的一般加工工艺的原料。但此原油蜡含量很低,胶质沥青质含量较高,属低硫环烷基原油,是生产重交通道路沥青的优质原料。     

塔河原油聚合物改性道路沥青的研究

针对沥青质含量较高的塔河原油，采用适当的工艺开发出了符合JTJ036－1998技术要求的SBS和SBR改性道路沥青，对于SBS改性沥青，通过加入稳定剂使SBS与基础沥青反应形成了一相，从而解决了储存稳定性，对于SBR改性沥青，SBR的加入量对改性沥青的性能影响最大，通过比较表明，塔河油SBS和SBR改性道路沥青具有非常小的感温性以及优良的高低温性能。     

Biodegradation of Used Engine Oil by a Methylotrophic Bacterium,Methylobacterium Mesophilicum Isolated from Tropical Hydrocarbon-contaminated Soil

A Gram-negative facultatively methylotrophic bacterium putatively identified as Methylobacterium mesophilicum strain RD1 displayed extensive degradative ability on used engine oil (SAE 40W) in liquid cultures. The rate of degradation of used engine oil (1274.85 mg L^?1) by the isolate, for the first 12 days and the last 9 days were 65 and 40 mg L^?1 d^?1, respectively. Gas chromatographic (GC) analyses of residual used engine oil revealed that 61.2% and 89.5% of the initial concentration of the used engine oil were degraded within 12 and 21 days. GC fingerprints of the used engine oil after 12 days of incubation showed total disappearance of C₁₅, C₂₃, C₂₄, C₂₅, and C₂₆ hydrocarbon fractions as well as drastic reductions of C₁₃, C₁₄, C₁₆, and PAHs fractions such as C₁₉-Anthracene and C₂₂-Pyrene. At the end of 21 days’ incubation, total disappearance of C₁₇-pristane, C₂₂-pyrene, one of the C₁₉-anthracene, and significant reduction of C₁₈-phytane (96.8%) fractions were observed. In addition, less than 10% of Day 0 values of medium fraction ranges C₁₃, C₁₄, and C₁₆ were discernible after 21 days. This study has established the potential of Methylobacterium mesophilicum strain RD1 in degradation of aliphatic, aromatic, and branched alkane components of used engine oils.     

Study on Producing Heavy Paving Asphalt

The highly viscous crude oil from Shuguang No.1 zone of Liaohe oifield features high density,high viscosity and low wax content.It contains no gasoline fraction and its diesel oil fraction yiled is only 7.19%,which belongs to the low sulfur naphthenic stocks crude oil.Its heavy fraction is not suited for producing lubricating oil.Its heavy oil,whick contains more resins nd asphaltens and less wax,is not an ideal feedstock for catalytic cracking ,but is the ideal raw material for producing high-grade paving asphalt.Now this highy viscous crude oil is used as fuel oil after being emulsified in Liaohe oilfield,but its viscosity is so hight tha it cannot be atomized uniformly and burned completely,resuting not only in waste of oil resource but also in reduction of economical benefit.To make full use of this oil resource and alleviate the shortfall of high grade paving asphalt in China,various brands of asphal meeting Q/SHR003-1998 and ESSO specifications were developed by blending vaceuum residue of the said oil and a blending compo-net which are rich in aromatics and deficient in wax.The impct of blending component on proerties of blended ashalt has been investigated and road perfomances of these blended asphalts were studied.The labroatory test results show that the blended asphalts have good road performance and antiaging property.     

利用塔河原油生产重交通道路沥青的试验研究及生产总结

介绍了利用塔河原油生产重交通道路沥青的实验室考察和装置生产情况总结。在工业装置上采用减压深拔调和工艺生产出了满足GB／T15180—2000要求的重交通道路沥青。     

The Mild Oxidative Degradation of the Heavy Constituents in Viscous Crude Oils/Oil Sands and Its Prospect in Oil Recovery

Abstract

Viscous crude oils and oil sands are important energy resources, but it is difficult to exploit them due to the dominated heavy constituents such as asphaltenes. In this work, the mild oxidative degradation of the heavy constituents (oxidized by NaIO₄/NaH₂PO₄ and 30% H₂O₂/CH₃COOH) has been carried out. In the viscous oils, more than 45% asphaltenes has been degraded, and the asphaltenes are mainly chemically changed into the resin fractions, which is favorable to the stability of viscous crude oils. After the degradation, the total amount of extractable organic compounds from oil sands has been markedly increased than that of the blank experiment. The experimental results indicate that the mild oxidative degradation of asphaltenes can improve the physicochemical properties of the viscous oils and oil sands, which is particularly in favor of the exploitation of these energy resources.     

Organic and Carbon Isotope Geochemistry of Crude Oils from Ashrafi Field,Southern Gulf of Suez Province,Egypt: Implications for the Processes of Hydrocarbon Generation and Maturation

Abstract

Four crude oil samples representing the Miocene formations of Belayim, Kareem, and Nukhul, and the Pre-Miocene Nubia Sandstone of Ashrafi Field, offshore southern Gulf of Suez, Egypt. These crude oil samples were analyzed using a variety of organic geochemical techniques including both C₇ and whole oil Gas Chromatography (GC), Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry (GC–MS) in addition to stable carbon isotopes to the saturate and aromatic fractions. The organic geochemical results revealed that the Miocene and Pre-Miocene Nubia Sandstone oils generated from two different source rocks subjected to different maturation levels. The Miocene crude oil possesses geochemical properties rich in tricyclic terpanes and extended hopanes typical characteristics of oils generated from marine siliciclastic source rocks with angiosperm land plants input like Rudeis Formation as indicated from the oleanane index which exceeds 30% and low gammacerane index around 10%. Meanwhile the Pre-Miocene crude oil correlates with the marine carbonate sources of high salinity waters like Brown Limestone of Upper Cretaceous age as indicated from the oleanane index <10% and high gammacerane index >30%. The maturity parameters based on both ratios of 20S/(20S + 20R)-C₂₉ ααα cholestane and TAS/(MAS + TAS) were found to be around 0.5 for the Miocene crude oils, meanwhile both the ratios for the Pre-Miocene crude oil were >0.5. The concluded results further support the very high maturation level of the Pre-Miocene crude oil than the Miocene crude of Ashrafi Field which concordant with the reservoir stratigraphic depths.     

塔河原油试制重交通道路沥青

对塔河油田单井原油及混合原油进行了性质分析,对三区、四区原油按一定的比例混合生产重交通道路沥青的可行性进行了探讨,重点研究了通过沥青改性的办法研制AH－90重交通道路沥青的可行性。     

Oil-source correlation and the impact of oil-filling process on geochemical composition of the different states of oils in the Upper Triassic Chang 7 Formation,Ordos basin,China

Five crude oil samples from five wells and 33 oil-containing sandstone reservoir rock samples from six wells of Chang 7 sub-unit were systematically studied to determine hydrocarbons in these oil reservoirs whether are the mixtures of oil components derived from different source rocks or from the same source rock during oil filling process over geological times. Sequential extraction was applied to the oil-containing reservoir rocks to deserve the free and adsorbed oils. The distribution of alkanes, hopanes and steranes and the correlation diagram of Pr/n-C₁₇ versus Ph/n-C₁₈ show that these oil components and crude oils have similar parent materials. And on this basis we compared the thermal maturity of the crude oils, the free oils and adsorbed oils and found that the thermal maturity of these oils is different. The cross plot of C₂₉αα-20S/(20S+20R) versus C₂₉ββ/(αα+ ββ) and the correlation diagram of Pr/n-C₁₇ versus Ph/n-C₁₈ both show that the crude oils have highest thermal maturity, followed by the free oils and then the adsorbed oils. The ratios of ∑C₂₁^?/∑C₂₂⁺ for the crude oils and free oils are greater than the adsorbed oils, indicating the crude oils and free oils have suffered more thermal stress and extensive cracking than that of the adsorbed oils. These geochemical data reveal that hydrocarbons in these oil reservoirs and crude oils were derived from the same source rock with different thermal maturity over geological times.     

高速公路用石油沥青的研制与开发

以进口沙中原油、科威特原油、阿曼原油及国内渤海油田绥中３６－１原油为原料,利用减压深拔、半氧化、溶剂抽提及调合等传统工艺,研制开发了达到进口沥青指标要求的高速公路用石油肝新产品。其路用性能达到进口优质沥青的水平。     

STUDY ON PROCESSING SCHEME OF HIGH VISCOUS CRUDE FROM NO.1 SHUGUANG ZONE OF LIAOHE OIL

The characteristics of the high viscous crude from No.1 Shuguang Zone of Liaohe Oil Field are similar to those of residue distillates of general crude such as high density (ρ₂₀ = 0.9977 g.cm^-3), high viscidity (ν₁₀₀ = 1223.9 mm².s^-1) and high solidifying point(SP = 48°C). It contains no gasoline distillate and diesel yield is just 7.19%. And now it is only used as fuel. In order to make full use of this oil, the high viscous crude from No.1 Shuguang Zone of Liaohe Oil Field is evaluated comprehensively. And the properties of various distillates from the crude are analyzed and evaluated respectively. The results indicate that this oil contains less wax, but rich in resin and asphaltene, which belongs to low sulfur naphthene-base crude oil and can be used as feedstock to produce high paving asphalt. According to its characteristics, the optimum processing scheme is put forward and the high grade paving asphalts are produced by using the distillates higher than 350°C.     

Distillation Yields from Blending Cabinda Crude Oil and Oman Crude Oil

Abstract

The blending optimization of Cabinda and Oman crude oil was investigated to provide a consistent and optimal feedstock to refinery operations. The distillation yields < 520°C and products' distribution were studied by equilibrium-fresh vaporization (EFV) method. The results revealed that the optimal blending ratio of Cabinda and Oman crude oil was 7:3, the distillation yield before 520°C was 73.90%, 3.87% higher than the theoretical distillation yield. Relationship of distillation yields, kinematic viscosities (50°C), and surface tension (25°C) showed that the change of kinematic viscosities and surface tension were contrasted with the change of distillation yield, and meanwhile, the diesel fraction output was comparatively increased during blending distillation.     

Calorimetric study approach for crude oil combustion in the presence of clay as catalyst

In this research, the effect of heating rate and different clay concentrations on light and heavy crude oils in limestone matrix was investigated by differential scanning calorimeter (DSC). In DSC experiments, two main distinct reaction regions were identified in all of the crude oil + limestone matrix + catalyst, known as low- and high-temperature oxidation respectively. It was observed that addition of clay to porous matrix significantly affected the thermal characteristics and kinetics of different origin crude oils. The Borchardt and Daniels and ASTM kinetic methods were used to determine the kinetic parameters of the samples. It was observed that activation energies generated for the high-temperature oxidation region for crude oil and crude oil + clay mixtures were in the range of 148–370 kJmol^?1 for the Borchardt and Daniels method and 51–253 kJmol^?1 for ASTM methods.