陶瓷膜在苹果汁澄清中的应用研究

采用国内研制的陶瓷膜进行苹果汁的澄清实验研究.实验结果表明氧化锆陶瓷膜可有效地澄清苹果汁,澄清果汁的各项指标达到出口果汁指标;并与国外陶瓷膜设备作同期运行对比,其澄清效果、通量的稳定性等方面均达到或超过国外陶瓷膜的处理结果.同时实验还对湍流促进器强化无机膜微滤过程以及膜清洗方法进行了考察,确定了无机陶瓷膜膜过滤苹果汁合适的操作参数.     

响应面分析何首乌多糖对苹果汁澄清效果的影响

以苹果为原料,讨论何首乌粗多糖对苹果汁澄清的影响,用单因素试验分别对影响果汁澄清的多糖添加量、澄清时间、澄清温度、pH值因素进行选取,在此基础上利用中心组合试验优化苹果汁的澄清条件。通过响应面分析,确定苹果汁澄清的最佳工艺条件为:粗多糖浓度1.1 g/L,时间65 min,温度29℃,pH 3.5。在此条件下苹果汁的透光率最高可达75.5%。     

壳聚糖澄清龙眼果汁工艺研究

应用壳聚糖澄清龙眼果汁四因素五水平正交回归试验的研究表明,壳聚糖使用量0.456g/L、温 度在48℃、pH为3.2、澄清时间为3.20h,用此澄清工艺条件澄清的龙眼果汁,透光度可达99％以上,且 营养成分损失不大。     

复合酶在苹果汁加工中的应用研究

将纤维素酶与α-淀粉酶结合果胶酶用于苹果汁加工过程中的液化与澄清,弥补现行果胶酶在酶系上的不足。通过正交实验获得了液化与澄清工艺的最佳组合参数,对于苹果汁的加工生产具有实际指导意义。     

荸荠汁澄清工艺

荸荠汁由于含有多种胶体微粒而呈浑浊态,影响其感官品质。本文旨在研究荸荠汁澄清工艺,开发澄清的荸荠汁饮料。结果表明:添加适量的蜂蜜、琼脂和壳聚糖,均能产生良好的澄清效果,最佳澄清剂宜选择0.005％的琼脂。     

无花果果汁澄清工艺的研究

本文就几种常用的果汁澄清方法在无花果果汁上的应用进行了研究比较。结果表明，果胶酶—明胶—硅溶胶澄清法是无花果果汁澄清的较好方法，用此法生产澄清无花果果汁稳定可靠、易于操作，制得的果汁澄清度高并且可保持原有风味。     

苹果汁掺假(梨汁)的研究

从相同稀释倍数下的梨汁以不同体积掺入苹果汁后的pH变化,295nm处的吸光度的变化,总糖和还原糖的变化,旋光度的变化以及糖的薄层层析和感官评定等6个方面进行了探讨.结果表明：苹果汁掺入一定量的梨汁后的pH、295nm处的吸光度、总糖和还原糖及旋光度这4个方面的变化幅度较大,可以作为判断苹果汁中是否掺入梨汁的检测依据.     

不同的处理方法对红枣汁澄清效果影响的研究

探讨了采用果胶酶-滤纸结合法、果胶酶-单宁明胶结合法、果胶酶-皂土结合法3种澄清工艺技术制取红枣清汁的方法,通过对比确定了较好的澄清方法和最佳工艺条件。试验表明皂土的澄清效果最好。皂土澄清红枣汁的最佳工艺条件为：皂土添加量1.3g/L、澄清12h。所得的红枣清汁澄清透亮,枣香浓郁,呈现出自然的枣红色。     

Effects of various clarification treatments on phenolic compounds and color of apple juice

The purpose of this study was to investigate the changes that occur during conventional clarification using gelatin, bentonite, silica sol, and water-soluble chitosan on the phenolic compounds, antioxidant activity, and color of apple juice. The apple material used in this study was of two varieties: Sampion and Idared. The changes in the polyphenols composition (procyanidins, hydroxycinnamic derivatives, and dihydrochalcones) were monitored through the clarification process. Sampion apple control juices contained more total polyphenols than do Idared apple juices. In Sampion variety apple juice, the dominant polyphenols are the flavan-3-ols (86% of total polyphenols), followed by hydroxycinnamic acids (9.7%), dihydrochalcones (3.0%), and flavonols (1.3%). In Idared apple juice the hydroxycinnamic acids (especially chlorogenic acid) are dominant (about 48% of total polyphenols), followed by flavan-3-ols (40%). However, the concentration of polymeric procyanidins in Sampion apple juices was 62.8 and 46.3% less when the Profloc (chitosan) and gelatin treatments were used, respectively. Aktivbentonit and Puranit (bentonite) supplementary added in juices clarification have some protective effect on polymeric procyanidins only with Profloc treatment. That kind of effect was not observed in Idared apple juices with almost eight times smaller polymeric procyanidins concentration than in Sampion apple juices. The antioxidant activity, measured by the DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical) method, ranged from 0.20 mg TEAC/mL in Idared apple juice to 0.30 mg TEAC/mL in Sampion apple juice, measured by the ABTS method, from 0.17 to 0.48 mg TEAC/mL, respectively. Clarification of apple juices with chosen clarifying agents has statistically no significant (p>0.05) influence on antioxidant capacity. This study suggests that chitosan can be used as a conventional clarifying aid of apple juices and that treatment has no impact on their biochemical parameters.     

红枣汁的澄清工艺研究

将红枣浸提原汁分别采用果胶酶和壳聚糖进行澄清处理,并对2种澄清剂的澄清效果进行比较,确定较好的澄清剂及其澄清工艺条件。试验表明,壳聚糖的澄清效果较好,确定壳聚糖澄清红枣汁的最佳工艺条件为:壳聚糖添加量0.4g/L、50℃下澄清30min,所得澄清汁透光率达到95%以上,枣汁清澈透明、色泽自然、枣香浓郁。     

枣汁提取和澄清工艺

对枣汁的生产工艺进行了探讨。选择最佳浸提工艺，提高了有效成份的提取率；选择了枣汁澄清工艺。经浓缩后，可达到出口标准。     

果胶酶澄清菠萝汁最佳工艺研究

用果胶酶对菠萝浆进行酶解及最佳澄清工艺条件试验。单因素试验研究了果胶酶用量、酶解温度和酶解时间分别对菠萝汁透光率、可溶性固形物、出汁率、果胶含量的影响。在此基础上,通过二次正交旋转回归试验,得出了酶解条件的回归方程,确定了果胶酶对菠萝汁澄清的最佳工艺条件为果胶酶用量为80mg/kg、温度25℃、时间为60min。     

Assessment of variables effects on sugar cane juice clarification by carbonation process

This paper reports a study of sugar cane juice carbonation and the evaluation of variables effects such as pH, carbonation time and temperature on industrially relevant parameters for the quality of sugar cane juice. Three different batches of sugar cane juice were evaluated using a complete two‐level factorial design with central point performed in triplicate. From results in this work, it can be seen that the higher sucrose concentrations and lower percentage of total soluble solids and reducing sugars were obtained in clarified juices with the maximum values for pH, time and reaction temperature (9.5, 60 min and 80 °C). The temperature favoured the removal of starch, phosphate and turbidity. Colour removal reached a maximum of 88–93% among the batches. The optimum clarification condition using carbonation procedure can be achieved between 20 and 40 min, at pH values between 8.0 and 9.5 and temperature condition at 80 °C.     

酶法澄清西番莲果汁的工艺研究

通过单因素试验分析探讨了果胶酶的种类、添加量、pH、温度和时间对西番莲果汁澄清效果的影响；淀粉酶Amylase AG 300L添加量为0.02ml／kg可有效除去果汁中的淀粉物质。进行正交试验确定酶法澄清西番莲果汁的最佳工艺条件，结果表明，果胶酶PECTINEX@ BE XXL的添加量为0．14ml／kg、pH5．0、温度45℃、时间50min，可得到澄清透明，具有新鲜西番莲风味的果汁，澄清效果理想。     

苹果汁的掺假鉴定

从糖、有机酸、氨基酸、稳定性同位素、类黄酮、阳离子及光谱学等方面全面探讨了真假苹果汁的鉴定方法，为苹果汁加工业提出了一系列行之有效的鉴定掺假方法。     

果胶酶和硅藻土联合澄清荔枝果汁的研究

研究了果胶酶和硅藻土联合澄清荔枝果汁的作用和效果。在单因素分析的基础上,通过正交试验优化得到澄清工艺的最佳条件为：果胶酶用量为5mg/L、pH5、澄清时间5.5h、温度50℃、硅藻土用量4g/L。在此最佳工艺条件下,荔树果汁的澄清效果和贮存稳定性均良好。     

壳聚糖与黄原胶对菠萝汁澄清效果的研究

以浊度、色差和透光率为指标,壳聚糖和黄原胶为澄清剂,研究了壳聚糖/黄原胶对菠萝汁的澄清效果,确定了最佳的工艺参数,并在单因素实验的基础上,通过正交实验,得出澄清菠萝汁的最适工艺为:温度35℃,时间70min,壳聚糖(10g/L)与黄原胶(10g/L)的比例1∶1,果汁pH3.4,验证实验结果表明,此时浊度为0.93NTU,透光率高达98.5%,菠萝汁的色差b*=14.47,在此工艺条件不但能得到满意的澄清效果,还能呈现菠萝原汁的亮黄色。     

山楂果汁澄清工艺研究

利用单因素实验方法,研究了壳聚糖、果胶酶对山楂果汁澄清效果的影响。通过均匀实验设计,得到壳聚糖、果胶酶复合澄清的回归模型,并确定了最佳工艺条件:壳聚糖添加量0.18g/L、果胶酶添加量1.36U/mL,在50℃下处理1.7h。比较不同超滤膜对山楂浸提汁的超滤结果,PES-30膜的超滤透过液透光率超过93%,而且色度下降较小,保持了山楂特有的鲜艳红色。     

超滤在猕猴桃汁澄清中的应用

用膜材质为聚砜的中空纤维膜超滤澄清猕猴桃汁的试验表明,用超滤法生产的猕猴桃清汁,透光率可达９９％,Ｖｃ保存率高,果汁褐变程度小且操作简单,所需时间短。     

不同澄清剂对苹果醋澄清效果的研究

对不同澄清剂在苹果醋中的应用进行了比较研究，最终选择壳聚糖澄清苹果醋工艺，确定了壳聚糖用量、温度、作用时间对苹果醋透光率的影响。