韭菜过氧化氢酶的分离纯化及其部分酶学特性

为获得韭菜过氧化氢酶纯品并对其性质进行研究,将新鲜韭菜通过匀浆、抽提、硫酸铵分级沉淀、DEAE-Sepharose 离子交换层析、Superdex-200凝胶过滤层析等步骤,获得了电泳纯的韭菜过氧化氢酶(CAT),纯化倍数为70.36,回收率为18.33%,酶比活力达到22064.57U/mg。其全酶分子质量和亚基分子质量分别为241.76、62.43kD。该酶反应的最适温度为37℃,最适pH值为7.2。该酶在25～40℃以及pH5～9有较好的稳定性,同时在最适条件下测得其Km值为46.93mmol/L。甲醇、乙醇、异丙醇、SDS以及Cu2+、Ag+、Fe2+等金属离子对该酶有较强的抑制作用。     

地衣芽孢杆菌弹性蛋白酶纯化和性质研究

用地衣芽孢杆菌发酵液制备弹性蛋白酶粗酶液,采用硫酸铵分级沉淀和Sephadex凝胶柱层析的方法分离纯化弹性蛋白酶,并对弹性蛋白酶的酶学性质进行研究。结果表明：弹性蛋白酶粗酶液经40%～70%饱和度的硫酸铵纯化后比活力提高到120U/mg,经凝胶柱层析纯化后比活力可达到292U/mg,纯化倍数为12.6,SDS-PAGE法证实弹性蛋白酶分子质量为29.5kD。对酶学性质的研究结果表明：弹性蛋白酶最适反应温度为55℃,最适反应pH值为7.4,以刚果红-弹性蛋白为底物,米氏常数Km为9.67mg/mL。低浓度金属离子Ca2+和K+对酶活力有促进作用,而Mg2+、Mn2+、Zn2+和Al3+对酶活力则有抑制作用。     

芦荟过氧化氢酶的分离纯化和性质研究

目的：获得库拉索芦荟过氧化氢酶纯品并对其性质进行研究。方法：采用硫酸铵分级沉淀,DEAESepharose阴离子交换层析,CM-Sepharose 阳离子交换层析和Sephacryl S-200 凝胶层析对酶蛋白进行分离纯化,采用SDS-PAGE 鉴定酶的纯度、分子质量。结果：从芦荟中分离纯化获得电泳纯的过氧化氢酶,纯化倍数为228.05倍,酶活力回收率为14.10%,比活力达17427.30U/mg。该酶的分子质量为239.90kD,亚基分子质量为60.60kD。推测该酶由4 个相同亚基构成。该酶最适温度为45℃,最适pH 值为7.5,以过氧化氢为底物测定该酶的表观Km 为34mmol/L。结论：成功分离纯化获得过氧化氢酶,该酶具有良好的热稳定性和酸碱耐受性。     

烟曲霉5’-磷酸二酯酶的分离纯化和酶学性质的研究

研究了烟曲霉5’-磷酸二酯酶的纯化及性质。烟曲霉固体发酵提取的胞外核酸酶的粗酶液经0.22μm微滤膜过滤、截留分子量为10ku和4ku的膜超滤、硫酸铵沉淀、DEAE-纤维素离子交换层析和DEAE-Sepharose CL-6B层析等方法分离。结果表明,5’-磷酸二酯酶酶液的比活力为1036.76U/mg、纯化倍数为82倍,纯化回收率为7.82%。纯化的酶经SDS-聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳检测显示为单一条带,该酶经SDS-聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳和Sephadex G-100凝胶层析测定,其相对分子质量约为9.5ku,由单一亚基组成。酶学性质研究结果表明,该酶反应最适pH为5.0,在pH5.0⁹.0之间酶活稳定;最适反应温度为60℃,在低于55℃下酶活较为稳定;该酶的Km为13.60mg/mL,Vmax为0.71mmol（/mg·min）;Fe3+、Fe2+和Zn2+对该酶有抑制作用,而K+对该酶有轻微的促进作用。      

重组草酸脱羧酶的表达及酶学性质研究

研究了重组草酸脱羧酶的表达及其酶学性质。经IPTG诱导,每克湿重菌体收获草酸脱羧酶活力820U,经Ni-NTA亲和层析酶液纯化2.07倍,酶活力回收60.38%。酶促反应的最适温度为50~55℃,最适pH值为3.5,添加EDTA及Fe2+对酶活力有促进作用,Mn2+抑制酶活。在pH4.0,温度37℃下Km值为14.53 mmol/l,Vmax为133.33 U/mg。     

大豆过氧化氢酶的分离纯化及性质研究

新鲜大豆芽经匀浆、磷酸缓冲液抽提、硫酸铵分级沉淀、DEAE-Sepharose离子交换层析、Superdex-200凝胶过滤层析,获得电泳纯的过氧化氢酶。该酶酶活回收率为30.92%,纯化倍数为293.09,酶比活力达到26 322.43 U/mg。该酶全分子质量为234.9 kD,亚基分子质量为57.42 kD;最适pH值为7.2,最适温度为30 ℃,在pH 4.0～10.6及25～35 ℃范围内有较好的稳定性;在30 ℃、pH 7.2条件下测得该酶对过氧化氢的Km值为31.82 mmol/L;十二烷基硫酸钠、草酸、Ag+、Cu2+对该酶有强烈的抑制作用,Pb2+对该酶有双重作用,低浓度时有激活作用而高浓度时抑制酶活性。     

绿色木霉β-葡萄糖苷酶的分离纯化及酶学性质

针对绿色木霉AS3.3711产生的β-葡萄糖苷酶组分,先后运用包括乙酸铵沉淀、透析、Sephadex G-150葡聚糖凝胶柱层析在内的一系列分离纯化技术对该纤维素酶进行纯化,得到β-葡萄糖苷酶纯化组分,并对该酶的酶学性质进行研究。纯化后酶液的蛋白质量浓度为8.12 mg/mL、酶活力为4.08 U/mL,纯化倍数达到18.48,十二烷基硫酸钠-聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳（sodium dodecylsulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis,SDS-PAGE）测定分子质量为66.0 kD。绿色木霉β-葡萄糖苷酶在酸性条件下稳定性良好,最适pH值为5.0;在温度60～70 ℃能长时间保持较高酶活力,最适反应温度为60 ℃。金属离子中,Ca2+、Mg2+、K+对绿色木霉AS3.3711 β-葡萄糖苷酶活力起到促进作用,Ca2+促进作用最强;而Zn2+、Fe3+对该酶有抑制作用,Ag+、Cu2+、Hg2+重金属离子使β-葡萄糖苷酶几乎丧失了全部活性。     

儿茶素对马铃薯酪氨酸酶的抑制作用

采用分光光度计法测定酶液加入量、底物浓度、温度、pH 值对酶活力的影响,确定最适反应条件。在30℃、pH6.8 的Na2HPO4-NaH2PO4 缓冲体系中,采用酶动力学方法研究儿茶素对马铃薯酪氨酸酶的抑制效应。结果表明：反应最适条件为酶液加入量0.5mL、底物浓度2mmol/L、温度30℃、pH6.8。儿茶素对马铃薯酪氨酸酶有抑制作用,抑制率达到50% 的儿茶素质量浓度(IC50)约为0.27mg/mL;Lineweaver-Burk 图显示儿茶素对马铃薯酪氨酸酶的抑制作用表现为竞争型抑制,抑制常数(KI)为0.16mg/mL。     

火龙果过氧化氢酶活性的研究

以火龙果中的过氧化氢酶（CAT）为研究对象,对其酶的活性变化及其特性的研究表明,火龙果中的过氧化氢酶的最适温度为30℃,最适pH为7.0。甲醇和乙醇对火龙果中过氧化氢酶活性的影响均表现为低浓度对该酶具有激活作用,高浓度转为抑制作用。金属离子Cu2+对该酶有不同程度的激活作用,而Mn2+和Na+则对该酶有一定程度的抑制作用。      

扇贝裙边抗氧化肽酶解液的体内体外抗氧化性研究

采用复合蛋白酶酶解法,以扇贝裙边为原材料,在pH7.5、温度50℃、时间3h的酶解条件下,制备了一种抗氧化肽酶解液。该抗氧化肽酶解液对DPPH自由基的体外清除率可达93.14%。对超氧阴离子和DPPH自由基的清除活性IC50分别为7.97mg/mL和2.89mg/mL。动物实验表明,该酶解液可以提高小鼠体内过氧化氢酶(CAT)活力20.1%,提高超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活力4.2%,降低丙二醛(MDA)含量57.4%。由此可见,本实验制备的抗氧化肽酶解液在体内和体外均具有很强的抗氧化活性。      

Reliable identification of grapevine rootstock varieties using RAPD PCR on woody samples

Since grapevine ( Vitis spp .) rootstock material is being traded increasingly as disbudded woody material a lack of distinctive morphological features on such material necessitates an alternative and reliable means of identification. Methods described here were developed for rapid and efficient extraction of DNA from woody samples rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides, and for subsequent identification of varieties by RAPD PCR. Using these methods, and with the application of only one selected RAPD primer, we were able to differentiate sixteen rootstock varieties, including the seven varieties most commonly used in Germany. Problems commonly encountered with reproducibility of RAPD patterns were avoided by choosing primers with a dinucleotide sequence and a high G/C content that allowed a rather high annealing temperature of 45°C. Methods described here should also be useful for other horticultural crops, especially those with woody tissues rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides.     

An internet compendium of analytical methods and spectroscopic information for monomers and additives used in food packaging plastics

An internet website (http://cpf.jrc.it/smt/) has been produced as a means of dissemination of methods of analysis and supporting spectroscopic information on monomers and additives used for food contact materials (principally packaging). The site which is aimed primarily at assisting food control laboratories in the European Union contains analytical information on monomers, starting substances and additives used in the manufacture of plastics materials. A searchable index is provided giving PM and CAS numbers for each of 255 substances. For each substance a data sheet gives regulatory information, chemical structures, physico-chemical information and background information on the use of the substance in particular plastics, and the food packaging applications. For monomers and starting substances (155 compounds) the infra-red and mass spectra are provided, and for additives (100 compounds); additionally proton NMR are available for about 50% of the entries. Where analytical methods have been developed for determining these substances as residual amounts in plastics or as trace amounts in food simulants these methods are also on the website. All information is provided in portable document file (PDF) format which means that high quality copies can be readily printed, using freely available Adobe Acrobat Reader software. The website will in future be maintained and up-dated by the European Commission's Joint Research Centre (JRC) as new substances are authorized for use by the European Commission (DG-ENTR formerly DGIII). Where analytical laboratories (food control or other) require reference substances these can be obtained free-ofcharge from a reference collection housed at the JRC and maintained in conjunction with this website compendium.     

Aroma characterization of various apricot varieties using headspace–solid phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and gas chromatography–olfactometry

The characterization of the aromatic profile of several apricot cultivars with molecular tracers in order to obtain objective data concerning the aromatic quality of this fruit was undertaken using headspace–solid phase microextraction (HS–SPME). Six apricot cultivars were selected according to their organoleptic characteristics: Iranien, Orangered, Goldrich, Hargrand, Rouge du Roussillon and A4025. The aromatic intensity of these varieties measured by HS–SPME–Olfactometry were defined and classified according to the presence and the intensity of grassy, fruity and apricot like notes. In the six varieties, 23 common volatile compounds were identified by HS–SPME–GC–MS. Finally, 10 compounds, ethyl acetate, hexyl acetate, limonene, β-cyclocitral, γ-decalactone, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, linalool, β-ionone, menthone and (E)-hexen-2-al were recognized by HS–SPME–GC–O as responsible of the aromatic notes involved in apricot aroma and considered as molecular tracers of apricot aromatic quality which could be utilized to discriminate apricot varieties.     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part I: Low molecular weight permeants

The advent of the functional barrier concept in food packaging has brought with it a requirement for fast tests of permeation through potential barrier materials. In such tests it would be convenient for both foodstuffs and materials below the functional barrier (sub-barrier materials) to be represented by standard simulants. By means of inverse gas chromatography, liquid paraffin spiked with appropriate permeants was considered as a potential simulant of sub-barrier materials based on polypropylene (PP) or similar polyolefins. Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of low molecular weight model permeants (octene, toluene and isopropanol) from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 μm-thick oriented PP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. These permeation results were interpreted in terms of three permeation kinetic models regarding the solubility of a particular model permeant in the post-barrier medium (i.e. the food simulant). The results obtained justify the development and evaluation of liquid sub-barrier simulants that would allow flexible yet rigorous testing of new laminated multilayer packaging materials.     

Analysis of benzo[a]pyrene in spiked fatty foods by second derivative synchronous spectrofluorimetry after microwave-assisted treatment of samples

A simple, rapid and inexpensive method has been developed for the determination of benzo[a     

The development of reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel. II: Certification study

This paper describes the second part of a project undertaken to develop certified mussel reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins. In the first part two interlaboratory studies were undertaken to investigate the performance of the analytical methodology for several PSP toxins, in particular saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in lyophilized mussels, and to set criteria for the acceptance of results to be applied during the certification exercise. Fifteen laboratories participated in this certification study and were asked to measure saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in rehydrated lyophilized mussel material and in a saxitoxin-enriched mussel material. The participants were allowed to use a method of their choice but with an extraction procedure to be strictly followed. The study included extra experiments to verify the detection limits for both saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin. Most participants (13 of 15) were able to meet all the criteria set for the certification study. Results for saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of <0.07 mg/kg in the rehydrated lyophilized mussels. Results obtained for decarbamoyl-saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of 1.59+/-0.20 mg/kg. The results for saxitoxin.2HCl in enriched blank mussel yielded a certified mass fraction of 0.48 +/- 0.06 mg/kg. These certified reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel material are the first available for laboratories to test their method for accuracy and performance.     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of the     

Chinese CTP Market

According to Printing and Printing Equipment Industries Association of China（PEIAC）＇s statistics to the plate manufucturer in China, in 2013, the actual offset plate production has reached 346 million square meters in China. Among them, the CTP production volume was 245 million square meters, up by 11% than that of last year; the total sales of the CTP plate was 239 million square meters, up by 13%.     

Preparatory Work of Print China 2015 is Going Smoothly

正Held at Guangdong Modern International Exhibition Center,Print China 2015 will cover 7exhibition halls,besides the original Hall No.3,4,5,6,7,the newly built F zone of Hall 3 will be used too.The total area will be140,000 square meters.Hall 3:Offset and large printing equipment,package printing equipment,post press