轴承故障融合诊断方法

针对传统人工神经网络在故障诊断中应用的局限性,提出一种基于小波变换、遗传算法与神经网络的融合故障诊断方法。该方法选用小波变换对原始采样信号进行特征提取,再用遗传算法优化选择最为重要的特征作为神经网络的输入参数。最后,由神经网络进行状态识别和特征分类,这样不仅减少网络训练时间,降低网络计算量,而且有效提高分类的准确性及故障诊断的可靠性,轴承故障诊断实验结果表明,该方法是有效的。     

一种基于模糊神经网络的模拟电路故障诊断方法

提出了一种采用小波分析与遗传算法相结合的模糊神经网络对模拟电路进行故障诊断的新方法。该方法采用基于小波分析的主成分分析方法对网络的训练样本进行预处理,提取优化向量后利用遗传算法对模糊神经网络进行训练。对两个模拟电路的诊断实例表明该方法故障覆盖率高,并能有效诊断出同类方法误诊的故障类型。     

基于BP小波神经网络的模拟电路故障诊断

针对现有BP网络在模拟电路故障诊断中存在的问题,提出了一种基于BP小波神经网络的故障诊断方法.该法将小波函数与BP网络结合构成BP小波网络,这种网络具有小波变换的时频局域化性质和BP网络的自学习能力.分别用BP小波网络和传统BP网络对实例电路进行故障诊断,结果表明本方法是有效的,而且比传统BP网络方法的学习收敛速度快得多.     

基于优选小波基和模糊SOM网络的模拟电路故障诊断

为了解决模拟电路故障诊断中的特征提取困难并实现对模拟电路故障模式准确的分类,提出一种优选小波基、模糊理论和自组织特征映射网络(SOM,self-organizing feature map)相结合的模拟电路故障诊断方法.该方法首先对模拟电路故障响应信号进行小波分解、提取能量值、均值和方差组成输入特征向量,同时采用余弦分离度评价小波变换在不同小波基函数下获取故障特征的有效性,据此选择余弦分离度最小的小波基分解的特征向量输入到自组织特征映射网络进行故障分类.仿真实验表明,利用余弦分离度选择的最优小波基能有效提高模拟电路故障特征提取,模糊神经网络能对故障模式进行精确分类.     

小波变换在液压油缸泄漏故障诊断中的应用

针对液压油缸泄漏故障诊断中压力信号特征提取的难题,提出了通过监测压力信号,基于小波变换能量特征和BP网络的故障诊断方法。该诊断方法将压力信号进行小波分解后得到的各频带信号能量作为特征向量,输入到BP网络分类器中进行故障识别和分类。实验结果表明,该诊断方法能有效识别无泄漏、轻微泄漏、严重泄漏的三种状态,是液压油缸泄漏故障诊断行之有效的方法。     

基于多小波变换的模拟电路IDDT故障诊断

动态电源电流测试（IDDT）对模拟电路故障诊断非常有效。针对小波神经网络在模拟电路IDDT故障诊断中存在的缺陷,提吐了一种基于多小波变换的模拟电路IDDT故障诊断方法。即利用多小波变换提取电源电流各频段的能量,作为神经网络的输入特盘向量进行故障诊断。仿真结果表明,该方法是有效的,而且比小波神经网络方法的收敛速率快。     

基于多小波变换的模拟电路IDDT故障诊断

动态电源电流测试（I_DDT ）对模拟电路故障诊断非常有效。针对小波神经网络在模拟电路I_DDT故障诊断中存在的缺陷,提出了一种基于多小波变换的模拟电路I_DDT故障诊断方法。即利用多小波变换提取电源电流各频段的能量,作为神经网络的输入特征向量进行故障诊断。仿真结果表明,该方法是有效的,而且比小波神经网络方法的收敛速率快。     

基于信息融合的神经网络模拟电路故障诊断研究

针对目前神经网络模拟电路故障诊断中存在的难点,提出了基于信息融合思想的多神经网络故障诊断方法;该方法测试电路中节点电压信号、供电电流信号,利用小波变换对检测信号进行预处理,基于主成分分析对特征矢量进行降维,根据模拟电路的不同故障模式分别建立诊断神经网络,用概率统计数据融合方法从多个神经网络中选出最优网络用于诊断故障;通过电路实例验证了新故障诊断方法的有效性,实验结果表明新方法可有效提高故障诊断性能。     

基于遗传BP网络的模拟电路故障诊断方法及其应用

针对BP网络诊断模拟电路故障时存在网络结构复杂且可能出现误诊断的不足,提出一种小波变换、遗传算法与神经网络相结合的模拟电路故障诊断的新方法.该方法使用节点电压信号经小波变换、主元分析和归一化处理来实现故障特征的提取,以减少信号的冗余;由于BP网络易陷入局部最优,采用遗传箅法来优化BP网络的结构和初始权值分布,使优化后的神经网络具有较好的收敛性能.最后结合电路实例,对文中提出诊断方法的原理与实现进行了较深入的分析,建立了该方法的测试系统,并通过工程应用效果进一步验证了文中方法的正确性.     

基于S变换和小波神经网络的容差模拟电路故障诊断

提出了一种结合S变换和小波神经网络的容差模拟电路故障诊断新方法;该方法通过对被测电路的冲激响应进行S变换,提取信号的时频信息做为特征量,并将所提取的特征量做为小波神经网络的输入进行训练并分类;仿真实验结果表明该方法诊断速度快且故障定位准确率高,在噪声影响、故障类型的特征向量重叠率高以及可测节点不足的情况下,具有良好的故障识别效果。     

基于CV-GA-SVM方法的轴承故障诊断

为了有效地提取轴承的故障特征信号并进行准确的分类,采用在小波包变换中引入交叉验证遗传算法与支持向量机相结合的方法来识别故障轴承所发出的不稳定特征信号并进行诊断。首先,利用小波包变换的时-频化特征对瞬时变化的故障信号进行提取。然后,运用交叉验证遗传算法和支持向量机构建分类器对参数进行检测、优化和故障模式识别。最后,经实验来验证此算法的合理性。实验结果表明,此方法对于有限样本故障信号的检测和分类具有很高的准确性和可靠性、实时性。     

Ant colony clustering analysis based intelligent fault diagnosis method and its application to rotating machinery

Fault diagnosis is crucial to improve reliability and performance of machinery. Effective feature extraction and clustering analysis can mine useful information from large amounts of raw data and facilitate fault diagnosis. This paper presents a novel intelligent fault diagnosis method based on ant colony clustering analysis. Vibration signals acquired from equipment are decomposed by wavelet packet transform, after which sub-bands of signals are clustered by ant colony algorithm, and each cluster as a set of data is analyzed from pattern of frequency band perspective for selecting intrinsic features reflecting operation condition of equipment, and thus fault diagnosis model is established to combine the extracted major features with given fault prototypes from historical data. The classification process for fault diagnosis is carried out using Euclidean nearness degree based on the established model. Furthermore, an improved ant colony clustering algorithm is proposed to adjust comparison probability dynamically and detect outliers. When compared with other clustering algorithms, the algorithm has higher convergence speed to meet requirements of real-time analysis as well as further improvement of accuracy. Finally, effectiveness and feasibility of the proposed method is verified by vibration signals acquired from a rotor test bed.     

Evolving an artificial neural network classifier for condition monitoring of rotating mechanical systems

We present the results of our investigation into the use of genetic algorithms (GAs) for identifying near optimal design parameters of diagnostic systems that are based on artificial neural networks (ANNs) for condition monitoring of mechanical systems. ANNs have been widely used for health diagnosis of mechanical bearing using features extracted from vibration and acoustic emission signals. However, different sensors and the corresponding features exhibit varied response to different faults. Moreover, a number of different features can be used as inputs to a classifier ANN. Identification of the most useful features is important for an efficient classification as opposed to using all features from all channels, leading to very high computational cost and is, consequently, not desirable. Furthermore, determining the ANN structure is a fundamental design issue and can be critical for the classification performance. We show that a GA can be used to select a smaller subset of features that together form a genetically fit family for successful fault identification and classification tasks. At the same time, an appropriate structure of the ANN, in terms of the number of nodes in the hidden layer, can be determined, resulting in improved performance.     

基于离散小波变换和随机森林的轴承故障诊断研究

针对不同工况下数据特征选择困难和单一分类器在滚动轴承故障诊断中识别率较低等问题,提出了一种基于离散小波变换和随机森林相结合的滚动轴承故障诊断方法。该方法首先利用离散小波变换分解振动信号,得到n层近似系数;然后创新性地采用sigmoid熵构造出n维特征向量,sigmoid熵能较好地提取非平稳信号的特征,提高诊断准确率;最后采用随机森林对滚动轴承不同故障信号进行分类。实验采用西储凯斯大学轴承数据中心网站提供的轴承数据,与传统分类器(KNN和SVM)以及单个分类回归树CART进行对比分析,结果表明该方法具有更好的诊断效果。     

A flexible algorithm for fault diagnosis in a centrifugal pump with corrupted data and noise based on ANN and support vector machine with hyper-parameters optimization

Fault detection and diagnosis have an effective role for the safe operation and long life of systems. Condition monitoring is an appropriate way of the maintenance technique that is applicable in the fault diagnosis of rotating machinery faults. A unique flexible algorithm is proposed for classifying the condition of centrifugal pump based on support vector machine hyper-parameters optimization and artificial neural networks (ANNs) which are composed of eight distinct steps. Artificial neural networks (ANNs), support vector classification with genetic algorithm (SVC-GA) and support vector classification with particle swarm optimization (SVC-PSO) algorithm have been considered in a flexible algorithm to perform accurate classification in the manufacturing area. SVC-GA, SVC-PSO and ANN have been used together due to their importance and capabilities in classifying domain. Also, the superiority of the proposed hybrid algorithm (SVC with GA and PSO) is shown by comparing its results with SVC performance. Two types of faults through six features, flow, temperature, suction pressure, discharge pressure, velocity, and vibration, have been classified with proposed integrated algorithm. To test the robustness of the efficiency results of the proposed method, the ability of proposed flexible algorithm in dealing with noisy and corrupted data is analyzed.     

基于遗传聚类算法和小波变换特征的自动分类

研究了遥感影像的特点，提出了一种基于图像的正交小波变换构造特征，同时引入遗传聚类的分类方法，实现了遥感影像的自动分类。实验表明，将遗传聚类算法与小波特征相结合的分类方法具有自动、快速、自适应的优点，能克服传统分类方法中由于样本选择而产生的局限性，提高了识别的正确率。     

Spur bevel gearbox fault diagnosis using wavelet packet transform and rough set theory

The gearbox is an important component in industrial drives, providing safe and reliable operation for industrial production. Wavelet packet transform (WPT) analysis was used to extract fault features in the vibration signals generated by a gearbox. The extracted features from the WPT were used as input in a rough set (RS) for attribute reduction and then combined with a genetic algorithm to obtain global optimal attribute reduction results. The fault features gained after the attribute reductions were used to generate decision rules. The unknown gear status signal attributes were used as input to match the generated decision rules for fault diagnosis purposes. Gearbox vibration signals contain a significant amount of gear status information; a WPT has an acute portion-locked ability to extract attribute information from the vibration signals. However, WPT frequency aliasing would lead to the generation of spurious frequency components, affecting gear fault diagnosis. In this paper, we introduce an improved WPT to eliminate frequency aliasing, thus improving the accuracy of fault diagnosis. This paper studies the use of wavelet packet for feature extraction and the RS for classification; the results demonstrate that this method can accurately and reliably detect failure modes in a gearbox.     

Application of extreme learning machine for series compensated transmission line protection

This paper proposes a new approach based on combined Wavelet Transform-Extreme Learning Machine (WT-ELM) technique for fault section identification (whether the fault is before or after the series capacitor as observed from the relay point), classification and location in a series compensated transmission line. This method uses the samples of fault currents for half cycle duration from the inception of fault. The features of fault currents are extracted by first level decomposition of the current samples using discrete wavelet transform (DWT) and the extracted features are applied as inputs to ELMs for fault section identification, classification and location. The feasibility of the proposed method has been tested on a 400 kV, 300 km series compensated transmission line for all the ten types of faults using MATLAB simulink. On testing 28,800 fault cases with varying fault resistance, fault inception angle, fault distance, load angle, percentage compensation level and source impedance, the performance of the proposed method has been found to be quite promising. The results also indicate that the proposed method is robust to wide variation in system and operating conditions.     

Feature saliency using signal-to-noise ratios in automated diagnostic systems developed for Doppler ultrasound signals

Artificial neural networks (ANNs) have been used in a great number of medical diagnostic decision support system applications and within feedforward ANNs framework there are a number of established measures such as saliency measures for identifying important input features. By identifying a set of salient features, the noise in a classification model can be reduced, resulting in more accurate classification. In this study, a signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) saliency measure was employed to determine saliency of input features of multilayer perceptron neural networks (MLPNNs) used in classification of Doppler signals. The SNR saliency measure determines the saliency of a feature by comparing it to that of an injected noise feature and the SNR screening method utilizes the SNR saliency measure to select a parsimonious set of salient features. Ophthalmic and internal carotid arterial Doppler signals were decomposed into time–frequency representations using discrete wavelet transform. Input feature vectors were extracted using statistics over the set of the wavelet coefficients. The MLPNNs used in classification of the ophthalmic and internal carotid arterial Doppler signals were trained for the SNR screening method. The application results of the SNR screening method to the ophthalmic and internal carotid arterial Doppler signals demonstrated that classification accuracies of the MLPNNs with salient input features are higher than that of the MLPNNs with salient and non-salient input features.