高阶色散下与扰动频率相关的调制不稳定性

对包含损耗、二至四阶色散下两光波扰动频率相等与不等的情况,分析了光纤不同色散区的交叉相位调制不稳定性条件和增益谱.结果表明:三阶色散对交叉相位调制不稳定条件和增益谱无影响,但对扰动的有效波数有贡献;四阶色散的存在,使得二、四阶色散皆同号时的不稳定性比只有二阶色散的情形多出了远离零点的额外谱区,随两扰动的频率大小关系不同,该额外谱区可能由紧挨的2个小谱区构成,也可能只是单一的谱区;增益谱两大区域的谱宽和峰值也会随两扰动频率的不同而发生变化;四阶色散的存在还使两光波的二阶色散异号时的不稳定性出现了远离零点的增益谱.     

Second-order theory for self-phase modulation and cross-phase modulation in optical fibers

The authors develop a second-order perturbation technique for the study of self-phase modulation (SPM) and cross-phase modulation (XPM) effects in optical fibers. When the dispersion distance is much shorter than the nonlinear length, it is found that the difference between the first- and second-order solution is negligible. However, as the dispersion distance increases, nonlinearity becomes a stronger perturbation, and the first-order theory is not adequate to describe the SPM effects. However, the results obtained using the second-order perturbation technique is in good agreement with numerical simulations even when the dispersion distance is longer than the nonlinear length. When pulses of different channels are copropagating in a fiber, they undergo amplitude distortion and timing shift due to XPM. The perturbation technique presented in this paper accounts for both amplitude distortion and timing shift of a pulse due to XPM.     

孤子间互作用相对间距与相位关系的解析分析

基于光孤子脉冲在光纤中传输所遵从的非线性薛定谔(NLS)方程,在忽略三阶以上色散效应、自陡和自频移效应并通过对方程中相关参量的无量纲化处理之后,得到了总光元场满足的微扰NLS方程,分析了孤子相对间距与初始相位对其传输的影响。     

Modulation instability of wave packets in inhomogeneous optical waveguides

Conditions for the modulation instability of a wave packet in an optical waveguide with the exponential profile of the group velocity dispersion along the waveguide’s length is investigated. With allowance for the Kerr nonlinearity and the nonlinearity dispersion, analytical expressions for the integral increment of amplification of a harmonic perturbation and for other important characteristics determining the dynamics of the modulation instability in the waveguide with the specified inhomogeneity type are obtained.     

几种计算光纤色散特性的数值方法

应用解超越方程法、矩阵微扰法、伽辽金法和有限差分法计算光纤色散特性。大量的计算实例表明：它们都能快速、准确地计算光纤色散特性。     

交叉相位调制不稳定性的进一步分析

从耦合非线性薛定谔方程出发,分析了光纤中两光波因交叉相位调制(XPM)所致的调制不稳定性(MI)产生的条件及增益谱。结果表明,当一光波处于正常群速度色散(GVD)区,另一光波处于反常群速度色散区时,与两光波参数有关的扰动增益谱应有3种可能的形式;在一定条件下,在某一微扰频率范围内,甚至还会同时出现两种形式的增益谱。     

高阶效应下与扰动频率相关的调制不稳定性

为了探讨光纤中高阶效应下与扰动频率相关的交叉相位调制不稳定性条件和增益谱特点,从包含5阶非线性和4阶色散的耦合非线性薛定谔方程出发,采用线性稳定性分析,计算分析了两光波扰动频率不等时的不稳定性条件和增益谱。结果表明,当2阶、4阶色散同号时,增益谱有两种可能的形式,其中一种的谱范围包含了另一种的。被包含谱的不稳定条件与通常情况不同,且谱特性受色散和5阶非线性的影响小。随着某一扰动频率增大,增益谱的谱区数及变化规律将随两光波所处的光纤色散区的不同而不同。而正(负)5阶非线性可使谱峰增加(减小)、谱宽变宽(窄)。该研究对高重复率脉冲串产生具有一定意义。     

Theory of an optical pulse generator

The theory of an optical pulse generator, consisting of a solid-state laser with a saturable absorber at one end of the cavity, is considered in some detail. Equations are obtained using third-order perturbation theory for the nonlinear medium and Maxwell's equations for the cavity which describe the behavior of the absorber in bringing the modes into phase alignment. Using simplifying assumptions, it is shown that short pulses are a solution of these equations and that they are a stable solution, provided that the dye fluorescence decay time is sufficiently short. We discuss the ability of the device to mode-lock when opposed by dispersion within the cavity. Computer solutions of the full equations for nine coupled modes are obtained, which demonstrate the development of the pulse in real time, and show the effects of cavity dispersion and long dye fluorescence decay time. A suggestion for a shaped-pulse generator is presented. The limitations of this theory, the most stringent of which being the restriction to the regime of validity of perturbation theory, are discussed.     

A simple variational approach to optical rib waveguides

A simple method for the calculation of the mode properties of optical rib waveguides is presented. The method is based on a scalar variational principle combined with a vector perturbation analysis for the polarization correction. It is demonstrated that, with the proper trial functions, the approach can predict very accurately the dispersion characteristics with much less effort (in terms of formulation and computation) than the existing numerical techniques. The field patterns of the modes can be computed from the scalar analysis. The vector property of the mode can be taken into account by a perturbation formula. The computation is carried out on an IBM PC. The user-friendly computer program is written in Fortran     

光纤非线性色散对类明孤子传输特性的影响

应用类明孤子在单模光纤中非线性传输特性的微扰理论，研究了光纤非线性色散对类明孤子传输特性的影响，导出了类明孤子参数演化的动力学方程。结果表明：光纤非线性色散微扰对类明孤子脉冲位置、频率和相位参数有影响，而对类明孤子脉冲振幅、脉宽、啁瞅参数无影响。     

Cross-phase modulation induced modulation instability in single-mode optical fibers with saturable nonlinearity

Taking into account the saturable nonlinearity of the single-mode optical fibers, condition and gain spectra of scalar modulation instability induced by cross-phase modulation of two optical waves of different frequencies with the same polarizations are investigated. In both of the normal and anomalous dispersion regions, the contour plots of gain spectra of modulation instability with gray levels, the critical perturbation frequency (or instability domain), and the peak perturbation gain versus the input powers of the two waves are analyzed and discussed. The results show that, the critical perturbation frequency (or instability domain) and the peak perturbation gain increase with the input power, reaching a maximum value, and then decrease. This leads to a unique value of peak perturbation gain and critical perturbation frequency for two different input powers.     

色散缓变光纤中五阶非线性调制不稳定性

在三五阶非线性共存时,研究了有损耗单模光纤中基于两光波交叉相位调制的不稳定条件和增益谱.在色散缓变光纤正色散区,分析了五阶非线性系数、色散纵向变化参量以及两扰动的频率大小关系对交叉相位调制不稳定增益谱的影响.结果表明,在五阶非线性下,色散的纵向渐减仍有利于展宽调制不稳定增益谱;正五阶非线性可使增益谱的谱宽和谱峰值增大,并使谱峰位置远离主波频率,负五阶非线性的作用则相反;两扰动频率大小关系不同,色散纵向参量的变化对增益谱的谱峰大小和位置的影响也不同,五阶非线性对交叉相位调制不稳定性的加强或抑制程度也不同.     

饱和非线性光纤正色散区的交叉相位调制不稳定性

在考虑到光纤饱和非线性效应的情况下,给出了同偏振、不同波长的两光波的慢变振幅满足的耦合非线性薛定谔方程组以及线性化后微扰满足的方程组。在光纤的正色散区,分析并讨论了交叉相位调制不稳定增益谱随两光波输入功率变化的规律。结果表明,与饱和非线性光纤中自相位调制不稳定性的增益谱类似,交叉相位调制不稳定增益谱的临界扰动频率、峰值增益大小随两光波输入功率的增大也呈现出先增大后减小的特点,而二者随两光波输入功率变化的快慢都与两扰动的频率大小有关,即会出现两个不同的输入功率对应同一个不稳定增益峰值和临界扰动频率的情形。     

强色散控制光传输系统中的信道内非线性效应

通过对非线性薛定谔方程的处理，推导了准线性系统中的相互作用方程，研究了强色散补偿光通信系统中的自相位调制、信道内交叉相位调制和信道内四波混频等非线性效应，分析了这些非线性效应所致脉冲对称扰动、定时抖动和振幅抖动的规律，并通过仿真实现了强色散控制系统中的稳定传输。     

双光子激光连续振荡过程的讨论

利用约化的光学布洛赫方程的稳态解,讨论了双光子激光的连续振荡过程,得到了双光子过程中激光物质的增益、色散和频率牵引的结果,并就均匀增宽和非均匀增宽两种情况进行了讨论。     

光纤系统中的普适弱调制传输矩阵及其在噪声演化分析中的应用

本文在总结文献中已有工作的基础上,给出了光纤传输系统中普适的频域弱强度/相位调制的传输矩阵 H ,包含了光纤中各阶色散、非线性和光纤损耗的影响.指出奇数阶色散仅对矩阵分量的幅频特性产生影响,而偶数阶色散仅对矩阵分量的相频特性产生影响.因此,对弱强度/相位调制(噪声)而言,只有奇数阶色散才起作用.基于 H 矩阵,定量计算了分别用于强度探测系统、相位探测系统和光谱仪测量的强度噪声谱、相位噪声谱和光场噪声谱.     

强色散补偿高速光通信系统中的信道内非线性效应

研究了强色散补偿高速光通信系统中的自相位调制(SPM)、信道内交叉相位调制(IXPM)和信道内四波混频(IFWM)等非线性效应，分析了SPM所致脉冲对称扰动、IXPM所致定时抖动和IFWM所致振幅抖动的规律，并通过数值仿真实现了强色散补偿系统中1600km的稳定传输。     

Gain sideband splitting in dispersion oscillating fibers

We analyze the modulation instability spectrum in a varying dispersion optical fiber as a function of the dispersion oscillation amplitude. For large dispersion oscillations, we predict a novel sideband splitting into different sub-sidebands. The emergence of the new sidebands is observed whenever the classical perturbation analysis for parametric resonances predicts vanishing sideband amplitudes. The numerical results are in good quantitative agreement with Floquet or Bloch stability analysis of four-wave mixing in the periodic dispersion fiber. We have also shown that linear gain or loss may have a dramatic influence in reshaping the new sidebands.     

Nonlinear pulse propagation in a monomode dielectric guide

We derive the nonlinear wave equation for an envelope of an electromagnetic wave in a monomode dielectric waveguide. Concrete examples are given for a single-mode optical fiber where the coefficients of resultant nonlinear Schrödinger equation with higher-order dispersion and dissipation (both linear and nonlinear) are given in terms of properties of the eigenfunction of the guided wave as well as of the material nonlinearity and dispersion. Using a newly-developed perturbation method, we show that the higher-order dispersions (linear and nonlinear) perserve the profile of a single soliton but to split up a boundNsoliton (N geq 2) into individual solitons with different heights which propagate at different velocities. We also show that the higher-order nonlinear dissipation due to the induced Raman effect downshifts the carrier frequency of a single soliton in proportion to the distance of propagation and to the fourth power of the soliton amplitude.     

Comparison of the performance of optically amplified transmissionsystems

In this paper, we show a comparison among the performance of single- and multichannel optical systems considering NRZ and soliton signals. The results have been obtained by means of numerical simulations, taking into consideration the chromatic dispersion, the Kerr nonlinearity, the fiber loss, and the ASE noise of the optical amplifiers. The performance of IM-DD and coherent asynchronous ASK systems have been evaluated in terms of the Q factor. We have considered the propagation in links encompassing conventional step-index fibers, DS fibers and in links with two different dispersion management techniques in which the chromatic dispersion is varied along the propagation distance both in randomly and in deterministically way. The effects of the in-line filtering process are mainly investigated in soliton propagation