国内最大的碳酸钾生产装置建成投产

山东鲁南化肥厂第四套碳酸钾生产装置于１９９９年８月中旬建成投产,一次性投料试车成功,现日产已达到设计能力。至此该厂碳酸钾的生产能力总计达２０ｋｔ／ａ,成为我国最大的碳酸钾生产企业。此次扩建装置的碳酸钾生产能力为７０００ｔ／ａ,由该厂自筹资金建设,生产工艺仍沿用原有的离子交换法。该厂采用此工艺的第一套碳酸钾生产装置建于１９７５年,生产能力为８００ｔ／ａ,后经技改、内部挖潜,生产能力达１５００ｔ／ａ;１９８８年该厂采用部分先进技术和原有的工艺新建了第二套生产能力为５０００ｔ／ａ的装置;１９９５年该厂…     

双乙烯酮的应用及市场前景

我国目前双乙烯酮的生产能力约为２万ｔ／ａ，产量１．２６万ｔ／ａ，需求量约１万ｔ／ａ。随着双乙烯酮新应用领域的开发，今后几年内需求量将达１．５万ｔ／ａ。关键词     

境外烷基苯市场现状及预测

目前，美国烷基苯生产能力为３７万ｔ／ａ，西欧约为６７．６万ｔ／ａ，山东亚约为２３万ｔ／ａ。据预测，到本世纪末国际市场烷基苯将供过于求，对我国市场将产生较大的影响。     

聚甲醛的生产与市场现状

聚甲醛有均聚和共聚两种生产方法。目前，全世界聚甲醛的生产能力约为５３万ｔ／ａ。我国现有生产能力仅为３０００ｔ／ａ，而需求约为２万ｔ／ａ。据国外专威人士预测，聚甲醛在下个世纪有可能被当作大宗通用型材料来使用。     

硫酸法钛白粉生产的废酸治理

近年来世界钛白粉有效生产能力已达３８０万ｔ／ａ，其中硫酸法钛白粉产量约为１７５万ｔ／ａ。我国目前钛白粉总能力为２０万ｔ／ａ，生产厂家６０余家，其中年生产能力达万吨的有四０四厂、渝港、镇江、上海、南京等５家。硫酸法钛白粉生产过程中产生大量废酸，以每吨成...     

我国LLDPE产需及装置建设现状

我国现有５套ＬＬＤＰＥ生产装置，合计生产能力为３８．５万ｔ／ａ。“八五”期间，我国又引进６套ＬＬＤＰＥ生产装置，合计生产能力为６４万ｔ／ａ。到“八五”后期，我国ＬＬＤＰＥ生产能力将超过１００万ｔ／ａ，其中７５％是采用美国ＵＣＣ技术生产的。建议我国跟踪世界新技术，并适应市场需求。     

醋酸生产及市场分析

１醋酸的生产概况１９９８年底全球醋酸生产能力达到７５８ ８万ｔ／ａ,其中 ,欧洲３３９ ４万ｔ／ａ ,占３２ % ;北美２８３ ６万ｔ／ａ ,占３７ % ;亚洲２３５ ８万ｔ／ａ,占３１ %。由于生产能力的迅速增长 ,全世界醋酸处于供过于求的局面 ,生产装置明显开工不足。１９５３年 ,上海试剂一厂建成乙醇法工业化醋酸装置 ,我国突破醋酸生产零的历史。目前全国已有９０多套醋酸生产装置 ,年总生产能力达１１５万ｔ／ａ。其中 ,羰基合成法生产能力３５万ｔ／ａ ,占３０ ４% ,生产厂有 :四川维尼纶厂１５万ｔ／ａ,及上海吴泾化工总厂和江苏索普…     

国内外双酚A生产与消费趋势

介绍了国内外双酚Ａ 生产发展、供需状况,以及消费结构与贸易概况,预测了世界双酚Ａ 的生产需求趋势。其中指出：双酚Ａ 是需求量增长最快的苯酚衍生物,目前世界双酚Ａ 的生产能力约为２３８．９ 万ｔ／ａ,年需求量约２００ 万ｔ,预计２０００ 年生产能力和需求量将分别达到２５３．９ 万ｔ和２１４ 万ｔ。我国目前双酚Ａ 的生产能力约为２．５ 万ｔ／ａ,缺口较大,预计２０００ 年国内实际需求双酚Ａ ６ 万～７ 万ｔ,缺口仍达３ 万～４ 万ｔ。     

丙酸的国内外生产现状及其应用

丙酸可用作食品添加剂、青饲料保存剂、谷物保存剂等,其主要生产方法有轻质烃氧化法、雷珀法、丙醛氧化法等。目前全世界丙酸的生产能力约为２７ 万ｔ／ａ,产量约为２２ 万ｔ／ａ。我国丙酸年产量为２００ ｔ左右,大部分靠进口,预计２０００ 年需求量将超过２ 万ｔ／ａ。     

聚氨酯弹性纤维进展

目前世界聚氨酯弹性纤维生产能力约为３万ｔ／ａ，我国约为６００ｔ／ａ。文中概述了聚氨酯弹性纤维生产工艺、应用、生产现状及市场动向。预计该纤维在我国将有巨大的潜在市场。     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Direct observation of freeze-thaw instability of latex coatings via high pressure freezing and cryogenic SEM

Despite its industrial importance, the subject of freeze-thaw (F/T) stability of latex coatings has not been studied extensively. There is also a lack of fundamental understanding about the process and the mechanisms through which a coating becomes destabilized. High pressure (2100 bar) freezing fixes the state of water-suspended particles of polymer binder and inorganic pigments without the growth of ice crystals during freezing that produce artifacts in direct imaging scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of fracture surfaces of frozen coatings. We show that by incorporating copolymerizable functional monomers, it is possible to achieve F/T stability in polymer latexes and in low-VOC paints, as judged by the microstructures revealed by the cryogenic SEM technique. Particle coalescence as well as pigment segregation in F/T unstable systems are visualized. In order to achieve F/T stability in paints, latex particles must not flocculate and should provide protection to inorganic pigment and extender particles. Because of the unique capabilities of the cryogenic SEM, we are able to separate the effects of freezing and thawing, and study the influence of the rate of freezing and thawing on F/T stability. Destabilization can be caused by either freezing or thawing. A slow freezing process is more detrimental to F/T stability than a fast freezing process; the latter actually preserves suspension stability during freezing. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004 in Chicago, IL. Tied for first place in The John A. Gordon Best Paper Competition.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Bark and Ambrosia Beetles in the Southeastern US

In 2002–2004, we examined the flight responses of 49 species of native and exotic bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae and Platypodidae) to traps baited with ethanol and/or (−)-α-pinene in the southeastern US. Eight field trials were conducted in mature pine stands in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Funnel traps baited with ethanol lures (release rate, about 0.6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to ten species of ambrosia beetles (Ambrosiodmus tachygraphus, Anisandrus sayi, Dryoxylon onoharaensum, Monarthrum mali, Xyleborinus saxesenii, Xyleborus affinis, Xyleborus ferrugineus, Xylosandrus compactus, Xylosandrus crassiusculus, and Xylosandrus germanus) and two species of bark beetles (Cryptocarenus heveae and Hypothenemus sp.). Traps baited with (−)-α-pinene lures (release rate, 2–6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to five bark beetle species (Dendroctonus terebrans, Hylastes porculus, Hylastes salebrosus, Hylastes tenuis, and Ips grandicollis) and one platypodid ambrosia beetle species (Myoplatypus flavicornis). Ethanol enhanced responses of some species (Xyleborus pubescens, H. porculus, H. salebrosus, H. tenuis, and Pityophthorus cariniceps) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene in some locations. (−)-α-Pinene interrupted the response of some ambrosia beetle species to traps baited with ethanol, but only the response of D. onoharaensum was interrupted consistently at most locations. Of 23 species of ambrosia beetles captured in our field trials, nine were exotic and accounted for 70–97% of total catches of ambrosia beetles. Our results provide support for the continued use of separate traps baited with ethanol alone and ethanol with (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common bark and ambrosia beetles from the southeastern region of the US.     

Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates Attract Stink Bugs and Tachinid Parasitoids

Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is a newly invasive species in the eastern USA that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in Allentown, PA. In its native range, the BMSB is reportedly attracted to methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern Asia, Plautia stali Scott. In North America, Thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate [the (E,Z,Z)-isomer] as part of their pheromones. Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates were field-tested in Maryland to monitor the spread of the BMSB and to explore the possibility that Thyanta spp. are an alternate host for parasitic tachinid flies that use stink bug pheromones as host-finding kairomones. Here we report the first captures of adult and nymph BMSBs in traps baited with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate in central Maryland and present data verifying that the tachinid, Euclytia flava (Townsend), exploits methyl (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate as a kairomone. We also report the unexpected finding that various isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate attract Acrosternum hilare (Say), although this bug apparently does not produce methyl decatrienoates. Other stink bugs and tachinids native to North America were also attracted to methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates. These data indicate there are Heteroptera in North America in addition to Thyanta spp. that probably use methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates as pheromones. The evidence that some pentatomids exploit the pheromones of other true bugs as kairomones to find food or to congregate as a passive defense against tachinid parasitism is discussed.     

2007～2008年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2007年7月～2008年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2007～2008年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况.按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯·硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和聚酯树脂、环氧树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍.     

2005～2006年国外塑料工业进展

收集了2005年7月～2006年6月国外塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2005—2006年国外塑料工业的发展情况。提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂生产量以及各国塑料制品的进出口情况。作为对比,介绍了中国塑料的生产情况。按通用热塑性树脂（聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂）、工程塑料（聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚）、通用热固性树脂（酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和树脂、环氧树脂）、特种工程塑料（聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮）的品种顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的扩展作了详细的介绍。