高等包装职业教育发展的新思路

高等包装职业教育发展的新思路是注重包装生产实践 ,突出包装技术、包装技巧和包装职业道德 ,实行产教结合 ,联合办学 ,理论联系实际 ,具有功能的综合性、形式的灵活性、目标的适应性、教学方法的实践性。一、明确高等包装职业教育的培养目标 ,增强包装职业教育的适应性高等包装职业教育应立足包装行业 ,服务包装事业 ,面向包装经济建设主战场 ,侧重于包装中小型企业、外资企业、个体企业 ;培养各类适销对路的包装应用技术和实用型设计人才以及包装管理人才。学生入学就要开展包装职业教育 ,让每个学生学习一门包装专业 ,掌握包装设计、包装…     

论包装文化的经济学意义

包装文化,一般被界定为文化与商品包装相结合,相融汇而创造出来的体现于商品包装活动之中的物质成果和精神成果的总称,包括包装设计,包装技法,包装结构,包装造型,包装装潢,包装工艺过程及包装物质产品等等。包装文化,从一定意义来说,即是人的包装经济活动及其结果,因为包装实践与文化有着互释,互动的     

高等包装职业教育发展的新思路

高等包装职业教育发展的新思路是注重包装生产实践,突出包装技术、包装技巧和包装职业道德,实行产教结合,联合办学,理论联系实际,具有功能的综合性、形式的灵活性、目标的适应性、教学方法的实践性。一、明确高等包装职业教育的培养目标,增强包装职业教育的适应性。高等包装职业教育应立足包装行业,服务包装事业,面向包装经济建设主战场,侧重于包装中、小型企业、外资企业、个体企业;培养各类适销对路的包装应用技术和实用型设计人才以及包装管理人才。学     

营销策略下的包装设计策略

以市场中商品包装之间的竞争为启示,分析包装中影响商品销售的主要因素,从而提出将市场营销策略应用到包装设计中的设计理念,并结合消费者的需求分析包装设计中常用的几种策略,包括:系列包装策略、等级包装策略、捆绑式包装策略、趣味包装策略、开窗包装策略、品牌包装策略和绿色包装策略等,论述不同的包装策略的特点与优势。将营销策略应用到包装设计中,为满足包装设计的促销功能提供了行之有效的设计方法。     

浅谈酿酒行业的包装工作

酒包装在产品销售中,已成为产品的一个重要组成部分.对于酿酒行业来说,加强包装管理工作,是提高包装质量,增强产品竞争性,促进产品销售,提高经济效益的有力措施.企业包装管理包含:包装调研、包装规划、包装设计、包装工艺、包装技术、包装供应、包装储存、包装运输、包装人员素质等内容.现就酿酒行业包装工作改进问题,提出探讨意见.一、强调市场酒包装信息调研要制订出色的包装决策,就要对市场酒包装信息有广泛了解,而市场调研是掌握包装信息动态的重要途径.不少企业对产品包装的信息调研认识不足,还在凭着主观意志,决定企业产品包装改进措施,但总收不到预期效果,这就是由于信息不明,决策不当的原因.市场调研主要有如下几方面:     

基于减量化理念的绿色包装设计研究

减量化包装是绿色包装设计的重要组成部分,传统的减量化包装多以减少包装材料的使用量来实现,具有较大的局限性。为使减量化包装理念能更广泛地应用于绿色包装设计中,以分析包装工业发展的特点为基础,阐述了减量化包装在新形式下的设计特点,扩展了减量化包装的定义,介绍了实施减量化包装的意义;并从包装材料、包装结构、延长包装生命周期3个方面分析了减量化包装的设计方法和阻碍减量化包装理念推广的影响因素。通过分析可知,在新的包装环境中,只有正确理解减量化包装的设计理念,才能更好的发展包装工业,促进社会经济可持续发展。     

包装的后续功能设计

随着市场需求的转变,包装设计师逐渐关注包装的后续功能设计。如今,不少消费者渴望通过包装收获更多的信息资源,产生了想去体验包装、参与包装、互动包装等全品牌服务需求。这也促使设计师在统筹规划包装结构、材料、工艺、视觉、触觉等多个环节的同时,对怎样去丰富包装的多功能使用结构,如何使包装与消费者互动等问题展开思考。包装后续功能设计的     

销售包装的定义

德国制定的包装废弃物处理法,对世界各国的环保意识造成极为深远的影响。如何从环保的角度来定义德国包装法的“销售包装”？1991年6月德国通过“包装废弃物避免法”（简称包装法）,确定生产者及销售者具有回收包装废弃物的责任。该法将包装分为销售包装、二次包装及运输包装,并在一地具体说明并分辨不同的包装种类。1993年1月1日起,销售包装由生产者及销售者负责回收,送交再使用或原料再利用。销售包装的定义是以“正常”消费者的行为为准则。销售包装属于初级包装,是消费者在购买商品后,所必备的最原始包装型态,此类包装是为消费…     

失败的包装市场

1993年以来,在短短的两三年中,全国包装行业掀起了一股办包装市场热。一时间,武汉包装材料市场、广东南方包装市场、杭州包装市场、云南包装市场、南京包装市场、济南包装市场、上海新名流包装物料市场、重庆包装市场、天津包装市场等相继开张,随着招商招租的大幅广告连篇登出,吸引了全国各地的客户,扩大了包装行业的影响力。遗憾的是,随着时间的推移,这些轰轰烈烈上马的包装市场,现已几乎全军覆没,个别剩下的也只能惨淡经营,不成气候。它们不仅未达到创建的初衷,反而留下更多的烦恼和失望。有的包装市场有场无     

瓦楞纸箱适度包装的理论与实践

一、过度包装与适度包装过度包装的表现形式如下:层次过多、材料过当、结构设计过当、表面装潢过度、包装功能过剩、包装成本过高、用高档的生活日用品进行包装等。(一)过分包装过分包装通常是指用于包装的材料及材料的价值与商品本身相比太高或过分。目前发达国家为解决包装污染,节约资源,把改革过分包装作为通向绿色包装的一个途径。英国开展“包装是剥掉的东西”的活动,号召不再追求过分包装;日本是一个十分讲究礼仪的国家,目前也开始时兴简易包装,以节约包装的材料和费用;美国、加拿大等国认为“过分包装就是污染环境”,在过度消耗资源…     

Prediction of the human response time with the similarity and quantity of information

Memory is one of brain processes that are important when trying to understand how people process information. Although a large number of studies have been made on the human performance, little is known about the similarity effect in human performance. The purpose of this paper is to propose and validate the quantitative and predictive model on the human response time in the user interface with the concept of similarity. However, it is not easy to explain the human performance with only similarity or information amount. We are confronted by two difficulties: making the quantitative model on the human response time with the similarity and validating the proposed model by experimental work. We made the quantitative model based on the Hick's law and the law of practice. In addition, we validated the model with various experimental conditions by measuring participants' response time in the environment of computer-based display. Experimental results reveal that the human performance is improved by the user interface's similarity. We think that the proposed model is useful for the user interface design and evaluation phases.     

计及板材料性能影响的微穿孔板吸声特性仿真计算

针对经典微穿孔板理论模型假设板为刚性、忽略其自身材料性能对吸声特性影响、而计及该影响时模型精确度降低之问题,在计及板材料性能影响的微穿孔板等价多孔材料模型理论基础上,采用VA ONE软件的foam模块建立微穿孔板等价模型模拟其在扩散场中的吸声特性,并与经典理论模型仿真计算结果及混响室实验测试结果进行对比,该等价模型较经典模型更接近实际使用值,且该模型对复杂多层微穿孔板同样有效,均具较高的工程意义及应用价值。     

设备旋转部件多自由度系统固有频率的计算

对某一类常见的悬臂梁结构的固有频率进行了计算,通过分析和简化,建立了多自由度结构模型.根据结构模型的特点,转化为几个两自由度的问题进行求解.应用柔度法建立了振动方程,并推导出了固有频率的计算公式,给出了一个计算实例,利用mathematica计算出了结果,为设备的结构设计提供了设计数据.     

重载列车动力学数值模拟

为研究列车纵向冲击对车辆运行安全性的影响,首先对缓冲器动力学模型进行了修正,并利用单自由度车辆冲击对缓冲器特性予以验证;然后采用联合模型法和混合模型法,计算了车辆通过曲线时紧急制动工况下车辆的轮轨横向力和脱轨系数,并与独立模型进行对比。计算结果表明:修正后的缓冲器动力学模型能较好地模拟缓冲器的特性曲线;车辆通过曲线时制动力产生的纵向冲动,导致车辆的曲线通过性能和列车运行安全性降低,在车辆系统动力学分析中应考虑车钩力的影响;联合模型中由于车钩采取固定偏转角,导致其计算结果偏小;混合模型中的车钩偏转角随列车运行是动态变化的,因此混合模型更接近实际运行工况。     

不同变形方式对铁锰硅合金形状记忆效应的影响

通过对３ｍｍ厚试样进行弯曲变形和拉伸变表,研究了铁锰硅合金的形状记忆效应。结果表明,采用弯曲变形和拉伸变形得到的金的形状记忆效应差别较大。尤其是合金经训练后,采用弯曲变形方式,形状记忆效应显著提高,提高幅度达８０％左右;而采用拉伸变形方式,形状记忆效应则几乎未见提高。     

On the accuracy of the Hertz model to describe the normal contact of soft elastic spheres

The finite element method is used to investigate the validity of the Hertz model for normal contact under conditions that violate some of the assumptions on which the Hertz model was derived. The conditions investigated are: frictional contact, non-flat contact surface and large strains. The investigations were performed for the case of two elastic spheres in contact as well as that of a sphere in contact with a flat plate. The existence of friction for normal contact does not appear to lead to any erroneous predictions of the force-deflection relationship by the Hertz model. The Hertz model also does not appear to predict significant errors when the contact surface is not flat. However, large strains were found to cause important prediction errors by the Hertz model. Calibration curves for the corrections on the Hertz model are proposed.     

On the passive stabilization of the equilibrium state of Lagrangian systems

Summary The idea of passive stabilization of a dynamical system whose motion is not asymptotically stable was advanced for the first time in the monograph [1] by introducing supplementary degrees of freedom. Based on this idea, Savchenko [2] discussed the stabilization of Hamiltonian systems by a nonlinear method (namely the method of passive stabilization by defreezing parameters). The authors of this paper investigate the effectiveness of its application to a Lagrangian system by a mechanical model which has independent scientific meaning. A comparison is also made between this model and another similar mechanical model. The problem of optimal passive stabilization is solved at the end of the paper. It is shown that this problem is closely connected with the resonance situations.     

A priori analysis of a closure model using the reconstruction of the orientation distribution function in flow of fiber suspensions

A closure model for flow-induced fiber orientation is proposed that is based on a reconstruction of the orientation distribution function (ODF). An a priori analysis by using Monte-Carlo simulation was performed. The main results are as follows. For strong rotary Brownian motion (low Péclet numbers), the model performs well even by using only the second moment to reconstruct the ODF. By considering the fourth moment in the reconstruction procedure, the accuracy of the model is improved and the model is applicable to higher Péclet numbers. At very high Péclet numbers and for non-Brownian fibers, the solution predicted by the proposed model deviates from the reference solution.     

减摇鳍-减摇水舱综合减摇实验装置的研究

采用了减摇鳍-减摇水舱综合减摇的数学模型，对综合减摇数学模型在实验装置上的实现方法进行了分析。通过用软件模拟船舶横摇阻尼力矩的方法可以实现台架模拟船舶的横摇运动，通过对船舶-水舱系统数学模型的分析，可用近似二项式替代的方法来简化船舶-水舱系统数学模型，并通过仿真选出了较理想的近似参数值，使综合减摇数学模型在实验装置上的实现成为可能。通过对综合减摇理论数学模型和综合减摇实验装置模型的仿真分析，可以看出两者有较好的相似性，说明用文中综合减摇实验装置来模拟综合减摇系统的实现方法是可行的。     

On the Effect of Hydrogen on the Fracture Toughness of Steel

A model is developed to quantify the effect of hydrogen on the critical stress intensity factor or fracture toughness of steels. The stress-assisted hydrogen diffusion model proposed by Liu (1970) is assumed and combined with the elastic stress field around the crack tip for quantifying the hydrogen concentration at the crack tip. Introducing a fracture criterion as the critical hydrogen concentration at a critical distance ahead of the crack tip, this model is successfully applied to the interpretation of hydrogen embrittlement behavior in a piping material. Experimental data at constant temperature were used to validate the model. With further development, the model has the potential to predict fracture toughness values at temperatures other than the test temperature.