掺铟LiNbO3晶体抗光折变效应增强机理的研究

在LiNbO3中掺进不同浓度的抗光折光折变杂质离子In^3 ,生长In(2mol％）：LiNbO3和In(3mol％）：LiNbO3晶体。研究In:LiNbO3晶体的结构和In^3 离子在LiNbO3晶体中的占位,利用光斑变形法和全息法测试了In:LiNbO3晶体的抗光折变性能,分析了In^3 使LiNbO3晶体抗光折变效应增强的机理。     

[Li]／[Nb]比变化对Ce：Mn：LiNbO3晶体光折变性能的影响：

采用提拉法生长4种不同[Li]／[Nb]比（0．94，1．05，1．20，1．38）的Ce（0．1％（质量分数））：Mn（0．05％（质量分数））：LiNb03晶体和掺镁量为5％（摩尔分数）的Mg：Ce（0．1％）：Mn（0．015％）：LiNbO3晶体。测试晶体红外光谱，[Li]／[Nb]为1．2和1．38的Ce：Mn：LiNb03晶体OH吸收峰移到3466cm^-1，这是化学计量比的标志吸收峰。Mg（5％（摩尔分数））Ce：Mn：LiNbO3晶体OH吸收峰移到3535cm^-1，这是Mg^2＋达到阈值浓度的标志吸收峰,以锂空位模型解释OH-吸收峰移动机理。采用光斑畸变法测试晶体抗光损伤能力，采用二波耦合光路测试晶体的指数增益系数、响应时间、计算载流子浓度。随着[Li]／[Nb]比增加，这些数据指标增加。[Li]／[Nb]为1．38，Ce：Mn：LiNbO3晶体是化学计量比，它的指数增益系数比Ce：Mn：LiNbO3晶体提高1倍，响应速度和抗光损伤能力提高1个数量级以上，是性能最为优良的光折变晶体材料之一。     

Ti:Fe:LiNbO_3晶体的生长及其光折变性能的研究

采用熔体提拉法生长了不同掺杂浓度的Ti：Fe：LiNbO3晶体．研究了掺杂杂质离子浓度变化对晶体光折变性能的影响，测定了晶体经热化学还原处理前后的透射谱．用ESR方法证实，未经还原处理时，Ti：Fe：LiNbO3晶体中Ti离子以Ti4 形式存在．与Fe：LiNbO3和Ti：LiNbOa相比，Ti、Fe复合掺杂，通过电荷补偿效应，使未经还原处理的晶体中Fe2 增加，从而使光吸收增强；可以通过改变Ti、Fe掺杂浓度的方法来控制晶体中Fe2 离子的浓度，达到控制并改善晶体光折变性能的目的．本文还对Ti：Fe：LiNbO3晶体的全息性能进行了研究，测得Ti：Fe：LiNbO3晶体响应时间缩短，衍射效率高达90％以上．Ti：Fe：LiNbO3晶体是一种优质的光折变材料．     

Ce:Eu:LiNbO3晶体制备及光折变性能

为了昨到光折变性能优良的晶体材料，在LiNbO3中掺进CeO2和Eu2O3，生长Ce:LiNbO3和Ce:Eu:LiNbO3单晶体，对晶体进行极化和氧化还原处理，并利用XRD、UV-VIS及二波耦合光路测试了晶体的晶格常数、吸收光谱、指数增益系数和响应时间。结果表明，Ce:Eu:LiNbO3晶体的晶格常数比Ce:LiNbO3晶体小，其吸收边比CeLiNbO3晶体红移更多，指数增益系数比Ce:LiNbO3晶体大，而响应时间比Ce:LiNbO3晶体的要短，Ce:Eu:LiNbO3是优良的光折变晶体材料。     

Ce:Fe:LiNbO3晶体光栅热固定的研究

在LiNbO3晶体中掺进CeO2和Fe2O3,以Czchralski法生长CeFeLiNbO3晶体,对晶体进行氧化还原处理.测试CeFeLiNbO3晶体的吸收光谱,发现CeFeLiNbO3晶体的吸收边相对LiNbO3晶体发生红移.氧化态的CeFeLiNbO3晶体的吸收边相对还原态的CeFeLiNbO3晶体发生紫移.采用热固定法测试CeFeLiNbO3晶体(氧化,生长,还原)的显影效率.CeFeLiNbO3晶体(还原)的显影效率低于CeFeLiNbO3晶体(氧化)的显影效率.测算并推导出热固定光栅在常温下的寿命.     

掺铟LiNbO3晶体抗光折变效应增强机理的研究

在LiNbO3中掺进不同浓度的抗光折变杂质离子In3+,生长In(2mol%)LiNbO3和In(3mol%)LiNbO3晶体.研究InLiNbO3晶体的结构和In3+离子在LiNbO3晶体中的占位,利用光斑变形法和全息法测试了InLiNbO3晶体的抗光折变性能,分析了In3+使LiNbO3晶体抗光折变效应增强的机理.     

高掺镁LiNbO3晶体抗光折变性能研究

在LiNbO3中掺进MgO以提拉法生长Mg(1mol%)LN,Mg(3mol%)LN,Mg(5mol%)LN,Mg(7mol%)LN,和Mg(9mol%)LN晶体.改进晶体生长工艺条件,解决了在生长中出现的脱溶,散射颗粒,生长条纹等缺陷.生长出高质量高掺镁LiNbO3晶体.测试MgLiNbO3晶体的红外光谱,当Mg2+的浓度达到或超过阈值浓度的MgLiNbO3晶体,OH-吸收峰移到3535cm-1,晶体抗光损伤能力比LiNbO3晶体提高两个数量级以上.测试MgLiNbO3晶体的倍频性能(相位匹配温度,倍频转换效率)MgLiNbO3晶体的相位匹配温度随Mg2+浓度的增加而改变,Mg(5mol%)LN,晶体的相位匹配温度达到116℃,Mg(9mol%)LN晶体在室温附近.     

Fe：Mn：LiNbO3晶体的生长及光学性能研究

采用坩埚下降法生长了掺杂Fe^3＋和Mn^2＋的LiNbO3单晶。晶体经极化处理后,用X-射线衍射仪测试了晶体的晶格常数,讨论了掺杂离子对晶格常数的影响。利用二渡耦合实验测试了晶体的指数增益系数、衍射效率和响应时间,结果表明：Fe：Mn：LiNbO3晶体的最大指数增益系数达到40cm^-1,Fe：Mn：LiNbO3的最大衍射效率分别为76％,二波耦合响应时间为2．5min。Fe：Mn：LiNbO3是一种性能优良的光折变晶体。     

掺锌铌酸锂晶体的拉曼光谱

为研究LiNbO3晶体中Zn2 浓度对拉曼光谱的影响,以及Zn2 在LiNbO3晶体中的占位和Zn:LiNbO3晶体的结构,分别在LiNbO3中掺进摩尔分数为0.02、0.04、0.06、0.08 ZnO的Zn:LiNbO3晶体,进行其A1(To)和E(To)模的拉曼光谱测试.结果表明,当掺杂ZnO的摩尔分数小于0.06时,拉曼光谱变化不大,当掺杂ZnO的摩尔分数大干8%时,晶体拉曼光谱的274 cm-1峰变得模糊,E(To)模也混入A1(To)模中,晶体峰值变化较大.     

In:Mn:Fe:LiNbO3晶体光存储性能研究

在Mn:Fe:LiNbO3晶体中加入抗光折变元素铟,使用Czochralski法生长In:Mn:Fe:LiNbO3晶体,并对晶体进行氧化还原处理,测试了晶体紫外-可见吸收光谱.结果表明:铟的掺入使晶体吸收边发生移动,生长态晶体吸收边稍向紫移,氧化处理晶体吸收边紫移程度较大,还原处理晶体吸收边红移.通过二波耦合实验,使用输出功率30 mW的He-Ne激光器进行单光写入与擦除实验,测试了晶体记录过程中的响应时间与擦除时间.研究结果表明:In3 的掺入可通过提高擦除时间与响应时间之比,较大地提高晶体的动态范围;用生长态摩尔分数1%的In:Mn:Fe:LiNbO3晶体进行擦除时,衍射效率达到30%,衍射效率不随时间变化.     

Threshold effects for resistance to optical damage and nonvolatile holographic storage properties in In:Mn:Fe:LiNbO3 crystals

The threshold concentration for In2O3 was found in In:Mn:Fe:LiNbO3 crystals by measurement of the infrared spectra of the crystals. The resistance of the In:Mn:Fe:LiNbO3 crystals to optical damage is characterized by changes in photoinduced birefringence as well as by distortion of the transmitted beam pattern. The resistance increases remarkably when the concentration of In2O3 exceeds its threshold. The resistance to optical damage of a In(3.0 mol. %):Mn:Fe:LiNbO3 crystal is 2 orders of magnitude higher that of a Mn:Fe:LiNbO3 crystal. The dependence of defects on the resistance to optical damage of the In:Mn:Fe:LiNbO3 crystals is discussed in detail. Nonvolatile holographic storage was achieved for all crystals, and the sensitivity of the In(3.0 mol. %):Mn:Fe:LiNbO3 crystal is much higher than that of the others.     

Absorption characteristic and nonvolatile holographic recording in LiNbO3:Cr:Cu crystals

The absorption characteristic of lithium niobate crystals doped with chromium and copper (Cr and Cu) is investigated. We find that there are two apparent absorption bands for LiNbO3:Cr:Cu crystal doped with 0.14 wt.% Cr2O3 and 0.011 wt.% CuO; one is around 480 nm, and the other is around 660 nm. With a decrease in the doping composition of Cr and an increase in the doping composition of Cu, no apparent absorption band in the shorter wavelength range exists. The higher the doping level of Cr, the larger the absorbance around 660 nm. Although a 633 nm red light is located in the absorption band around 660 nm, the absorption at 633 nm does not help the photorefractive process; i.e., unlike other doubly doped crystals, for example, LiNbO3:Fe:Mn crystal, a nonvolatile holographic recording can be realized by a 633 nm red light as the recording light and a 390 nm UV light as the sensitizing light. For LiNbO3:Cr:Cu crystals, by changing the recording light from a 633 nm red light to a 514 nm green light, sensitizing with a 390 nm UV light and a 488 nm blue light, respectively, a nonvolatile holographic recording can be realized. Doping the appropriate Cr (for example, NCr = 2.795 x 10(25) m(-3) and NCr/NCu = 1) benefits the improvement of holographic recording properties.     

近化学计量比LiNbO3晶体电畴结构观察和机理探讨

采用双坩埚提拉法(DCCZ)生长了各种不同成分的近化学计量比LiNbO₃晶体, 并用腐蚀法观察了其电畴结构. 结果表明, 化学成分对未经极化处理晶体的电畴结构起决定性作用, 当Li₂O 含量处于49.4mol%附近时, 晶体z面电畴呈现特殊的三次对称反畴; 当晶体中Li₂O含量为49.7mol%时, 晶体为完全单畴. 本文对其形成机理进行了探讨, 认为在由顺电相向铁电相转变 时, 局部铁电畴的极性方向与该处沿z轴方向的温度梯度正负密切相关, z轴生长晶体时, 由于相变发生所处位置离生长界面的距离受LiNbO₃晶体计量比影响, 所处温场固有温梯也 随之不同, 在此基础上解释了不同成分晶体的电畴结构形成原因. 最后讨论了控制铁电畴结构的工艺措施.     

Pr:Fe:LiNbO3晶体光折变性能的研究

在Fe∶LiNbO3中掺进Pr6011生长Pr∶Fe∶LiNbO3晶体。对晶体进行氧化－还原处理。测试晶体的指数增益系数、衍射效率、响应时间、光电导和信噪比。测试结果Pr∶Fe∶LiNbO3晶体的响应时间缩短,信噪比提高,克服了Fe∶LiNbO3响应时间长,光电导和信噪低的缺点。以Pr∶Fe∶LiNbO3晶体作为存储元件实现了全息关联存储。     

Physical structure of lithium niobate thin films

Thin films of LiNbO have been RF sputter deposited on silicon and sapphire substrates. A number of analytical techniques have been used to determine the physical structure of these films. This analysis shows that the resulting films are stoichiometric LiNbO(3) and oriented polycrystalline in nature. It is now possible to consider applications which utilize the unique properties of these films.     

Phase contrast using photorefractive LiNbO(3):Fe crystals

We theoretically and experimentally study phase contrast using a photorefractive LiNbO(3):Fe crystal sheet and realize the high-performance phase contrast operation using C-cut LiNbO(3):Fe crystal sheets in which the photovoltaic effect plays an important role. We estimate the maximum photovoltaic field in LiNbO(3):Fe using the phase contrast method.     

Evaluation and selection of LiNbO(3) and LiTaO(3) substrates for SAW devices by the LFB ultrasonic material characterization system

This paper demonstrates the evaluation and selection of commercially available LiNbO(3) and LiTaO(3) single crystals and wafers for surface acoustic wave (SAW) devices using the line-focus-beam ultrasonic material characterization (LFB-UMC) system. This system enables measuring leaky-SAW (LSAW) propagation characteristics precisely and efficiently for a number of specimens. The wafers are prepared from the top, middle, and bottom parts of four 128 degrees YX LiNbO(3) and seven X-112 degrees Y LiTaO(3) single crystals. For both series of crystals, the measured LSAW velocities increase from top to bottom in the crystals and with the increasing crystal growth number. The velocity changes for all wafers are 0.036% for 128 degrees YX LiNbO(3) and 0.035% for X-112 degrees Y LiTaO(3), corresponding to changes of 0.038 mol% and 0.075 mol% in Li(2)O concentration, respectively. Moreover, the inhomogeneity in the first X-112 degrees Y LiTaO(3) single crystal caused by some undesirable wafer fabrication processes can be detected precisely, although it is difficult for the conventional methods to obtain such information.     

Zn∶Fe∶LiNbO3晶体光折变性能研究

生长了Zn:Fe:LiNbO3晶体,测试了晶体的光折变性能,并且对晶体进行了正反向极化工艺处理技术,有效地提高了Zn:Fe:LiNbO3晶体的光折变性能,使得Zn:Fe:LiNbO3晶体的响应速度大大加快,散射噪声变小,存储图像清晰.