F/1.2大口径非球面反射镜零位检验的补偿器设计

为达到高分辨率以及像面照度要求,大口径非球面反射镜在空间红外系统中被广泛使用.设计了针对口径550 mm、F/1.2非球面的补偿器,基于三级像差理论分析计算了补偿器的初始结构参数.利用ZEMAX软件对补偿器进行了优化设计,最终所得补偿器的设计结果满足非球面检验要求.对补偿器结构参数进行了灵敏度及公差分析,结果表明该补偿器可用于实际加工检验.     

集中供热系统的PLC设计

热能对于人类来说非常重要,从远古时代人类就开始运用火来取暖。随着生产力的发展,供热系统不断进步,从一开始的单一锅炉房,慢慢发展到热电厂,再到现在的集中供热系统。本文对集中供热系统的结构和工作原理进行了阐述,在此基础上,对集中供热控制系统进行了硬件设计,主控模块采用S7-200CPU226CN系统,温度传感器采用PT100,通过EM235混合模块,进行模数信号转换,变频器选用ABB公司的ACS510-01型号,触摸屏使用MT6000/8000i系列人机界面产品。软件上通过STEP7-Micro/WIN软件对PLC进行编程,EB8000V2.00软件对触摸屏进行设计。最终,完成了集中供热系统的设计。     

气候补偿和分时分区的节能分析

本文研究分析了气候补偿和分时分区这两项节能技术在石家庄铁道学院供热系统的实际使用和节能效益。当室外温度升高时,气候补偿器QHOMS自动调整系统的供水温度,使系统的供热量与室外气候相匹配;分时分区供热技术,在公共建筑热入口安装公共建筑供热节能器PB-HOMS,根据公建的用热情况实现分时段供热。经过气候补偿和分时分区节能改造后,经过一个采暖季运行,节省蒸汽量达到16.7%。     

低采样率控制系统的振动抑制

针对低采样率闭环控制系统中的非线性环节引起的摩擦和饱和等振动，提出了一种振动抑制方法。振动是指系统产生极限环，造成了一系列持续振荡。振动补偿器的设计基于圆判据基础之上，以确保系统的稳定性。通过和普通PI控制器相比较，验证了所设计的振动补偿器的有效性。     

TITO系统前馈解耦补偿器含有超前环节的近似处理方法

用前馈补偿法对双输入双输出系统（TITO）时滞系统进行解耦,有些系统的补偿器往往会含有超前环节,无法用器件实现。针对这一问题,该文提出了一种近似方法：把超前环节展开成泰勒级数,根据精度要求取前几项。该文通过Simulink软件对实例进行了仿真分析,证实了用这种方法设计的补偿器非常简单,能很好地实现解耦。这种近似的补偿器也可以用硬件和软件实现,所以这种方法是有实用价值的解耦法。     

基于迭代方法的补偿器系统设计

针对F数为4的高次非球面,设计了一套基于平行光束照射的高精度补偿器。系统工作波长为632.8 nm,设计残差为0.0018λ。提出了求解两片检测透镜组成补偿器初始结构的新方法。该方法合理假设补偿器部分结构参数,通过判断补偿器与非球面的Seidel系数之和最小获得未知参数。比较非球面在补偿器第一面位置处的高斯像高与假设的入射平行光高度,通过MATLAB迭代计算得到高度差小于预设误差,进而确定平行光入射高度。重新复算得到最终的初始结构。最后将迭代计算得到的各个面Seidel系数和ZEMAX给出的结果进行比较,证实了该方法的可靠性。     

周期性参考信号的跟踪控制系统设计及应用

本文提出了一种在参考信号具有周期性或重复性特点时,设计跟踪控制系统的新方法。根据重复控制理论设计重复控制器,使系统的输出跟踪输入的周期性或重复性参考信号,从而达到跟踪控制的目的。重复控制器由重复补偿器和稳定化补偿器组成。文中对控制器的设计进行了详细的讨论,给出了设计实例和仿真结果。研究表明,应用这种方法设计的电液伺服振动台系统可以实现对周期或重复性的振动实验信号的跟踪控制。     

一种不依赖状态估计的自适应输出反馈控制方法

研究了一种不依赖状态估计的自适应输出反馈控制方法。首先引入伪控制信号使系统反馈线性化，然后设计一个线性动态补偿器和在线神经网络，自适应消除不确定性和建模所引起的误差。对一含有末建模动态的非线性系统的仿真结果表明，该控制方法能够消除系统的稳态误差，提高系统动态性能，并且具有较好的鲁棒性。     

集中供热系统中的节能减排探讨

本文简单介绍了集中供热系统中的节能减排探讨的意义,针对集中供热系统中的节能减排探讨的问题,以及集中供热系统中的节能减排探讨的策略进行了深入的研究与分析。     

基于NB＿IOT的供热远程监测系统设计

为了实现集中供热系统数据的远程实时在线监测及用户流量的远程调节,设计并实现了基于NB＿IOT技术与传统集中供热系统终端控制相结合的供热远程监测系统。以STM32与NB＿IOT模块相结合的控制方式,实时采集用户室内温湿度、供热流量调节阀状态及管道内温度等重要参数,以阿里云为设备云平台,对远程监控系统进行开发,实现数据的实时采集、处理及上传,通过电脑端或手机端可以在线监测数据状态和远程调节流量。实验结果表明,系统可根据需求设计数据监测类型,实现远程监测供热系统的运行状态及调节流量。     

Have VArs, can travel [relocatable static VAr compensators]

Privatisation has increased the pace of change on the UK's electricity transmission network. The author describes how, in this new climate, the relocatable static VAr compensator is helping to maintain system stability and security. Relocatable static VAr compensator requirements and design are discussed as well as operating experience     

基于ATT7022A的无功补偿控制器设计

以三相电能专用计量芯片ATT7022A和一种高性能低功耗的AVR单片机atmega128为核心,设计一种无功补偿控制器。该控制器能实时测量电网的电流电压值、有功功率、无功功率、功率因数等参数,根据实际情况,准确的控制电容器的投切,能有效的提高线路功率因数、较少损耗,改善电网质量。     

纵向甲板运动补偿技术研究

纵向甲板运动主要造成理想着舰点高度的变化,给着舰过程增加了难度,同时也严重威胁了舰载机着舰的安全性。为了减小由甲板运动引起的着舰误差,基于超前网络设计了甲板运动补偿器,并通过卡尔曼最优预估理论设计了甲板运动预估器,将甲板运动通过预估器和补偿器后加入纵向自动着舰导引系统中,实现了舰载机着舰末端过程甲板运动的补偿。仿真结果表明,设计的甲板运动预估器与补偿器可以有效地补偿由于纵向自动着舰导引系统在有效频率段内存在的相位迟后所引起的着舰误差,提高了舰载机着舰的安全性。     

Phase compensation second-order repetitive control for CVCF PWM inverters

Phase compensation for high-order repetitive control (HORC) can improve system transient and steady-state performances. The phase compensator is often designed as the inverse transfer function of a closed-loop system. No other phase compensation methods for HORC have been reported up to now. Hence, in this paper, a simple approximate phase cancellation second-order repetitive control (RC) is proposed. The compensator is a linear combination of two different linear phase lead compensators, which can better fit the inverse of a plant model phase curve compared with the conventional linear phase compensator. Optimisation is introduced to design the parameters of the approximate phase cancellation second-order RC. Analysis and design of the second-order repetitive controlled pulse width modulation inverter system are presented. Simulations and experiments are provided to demonstrate the effectiveness of the optimisation method and verify the advantage of the approximate phase cancellation compensator.     

On stability and performance of disturbance observer-based-dynamic load torque compensator for assistive exoskeleton: A hybrid approach

A disturbance observer-based-dynamic load-torque compensator for current-controlled DC-drives, as joint actuator of assistive exoskeletons, has been recently proposed. It has been shown that this compensator can effectively linearize and decouple the coupled nonlinear dynamics of the human-exoskeleton system, by more effectively compensating the associated nonlinear load-torques of the exoskeleton at the joint level. In this paper, a detailed analysis of the current controlled DC drive-servo system using the said compensator, with respect to performance and stability is presented, highlighting the key factors and considerations affecting both the stability and performance of the compensated servo system. It is shown both theoretically and through simulation results that the stability of the compensated servo system is compromised as performance is increased and vice-versa. Based on the saturation state of the servo system, a new hybrid switching control strategy is then proposed to select stability or performance-based compensator and controller optimally. The strategy is then experimentally verified both at the joint and task space level by using the developed four active-degree of freedom exoskeleton test rig.     

On compensator design for linear time-invariant dual-inputsingle-output systems

This paper presents a new method for the design of compensators for linear time-invariant dual-input/single-output (DISO) systems in continuous time or discrete time. The new method reduces the problem to two single-input/single-output (SISO) design problems, which are well suited to frequency-response design techniques. The first part of the method is the design of a stabilizing compensator for an auxiliary feedback system. The auxiliary compensator parameterizes the two output blocks of the single-input/dual-output compensator such that the zeros of the parallel system formed by cascade of the compensator with the plant are stable. The auxiliary compensator also determines the relative contribution to the output of the two parallel subsystems of the DISO system. The second SISO compensator design is used to ensure that the feedback system is stable and that performance and robustness specifications are achieved. This paper includes a discrete-time-design example for a dual-stage actuator system for a disk drive including implementation results. Straightforward extensions for multi-input/single-output systems are discussed     

计算全息图检测大口径凹非球面系统的研究

根据圆形计算全息图的衍射特性,将曲面圆形计算全息图与补偿镜相结合,应用于凹非球面折射式零检测光学系统中。与传统的折射式零检测光学系统相比,该系统不仅可以简化光学系统的装调过程,还可以降低计算全息图与补偿镜的制作精度,减少制作成本。阐述了利用曲面计算全息图衍射特性的折射式零检测光学系统检测凹非球面的基本原理,给出了具体的设计实例。对于口径为950 mm的抛物面,检测结果P-V值为0.024λ。     

基于电机变频调速的供暖系统补水泵恒压设计

针对基于电机变频调速的供暖系统补水泵恒压设计进行深入的分析,探究电机变频调速对于供暖系统补水泵恒压控制的影响,完善了传统供暖系统恒速控制中存在的不足之处,值得推广与应用。     

Design and evaluation of a controller for the process of microwavejoining of ceramics

A temperature control system is designed and simulated for the process of microwave joining of ceramics. The overall goal is to develop a control system that allows reliable, high-quality joints to be produced on a variety of ceramics. The described procedure permits the derivation of a closed-loop configuration for controlling temperature. The ceramics (alumina) heating model equation is linearized around an operating point and represented as a transfer function. A compensator is designed based on the `worst case' for the value of the gain. Conditions for closed-loop stability with any linearized plant model are presented and mathematically proven. Expressions for the time response parameters of the compensated system are derived. A simulation is implemented in MATLAB for the closed-loop control, and a numerical integration method is used for solving the nonlinear heating equations. The results obtained for the simulation are excellent and show that the temperature can be regulated to a set point value and the thermal runaway problem in the ceramics can be prevented