单兵(或兵组)使用的小型敌我识别器

一、概述随着精密制导武器的不断发展,目前世界上许多国家都出现了所谓“发射后不管”的单兵便携式防空导弹。便携式防空导弹是指全武器系统,能由导弹发射手以肩扛或肩背方式进行短途机动作战,并由单兵操作发射的防空导弹系统。兵组携带式是将全武器系统分解成若     

防空导弹网络化作战体系结构及效能评估

面对空袭目标的多样化、高速化、隐身化所带来的挑战以及大空域和高生存的防空作战要求,网络中心化已成为防空导弹作战系统的必然选择和发展趋势。根据需求,提出了防空导弹网络化作战体系结构,并选定抗击率作为评估准则,分别对非对抗条件下和对抗条件下的防空导弹作战系统的作战效能进行了评估,得出了防空导弹网络化作战系统较平台化作战系统的作战效能高的结论。     

便携式防空导弹

据苏联《防空通报》1984年第2期报道:目前,西方国家的军队普遍装备了便携式防空导弹。另据悉,苏联及其盟国军队也装备了这种导弹。所谓便携式防空导弹,通常是指单兵携带并发射的外形尺寸小,重量轻的防空导弹,可以在难以或根本不可能采用其他防空武器的条件下使用。因此,西方一些军事专家认为,便携式防空导弹是在战场上或行进间进行防空的有效手段。这种防空导弹有美国的“红眼”和“针刺”、英国的“吹管”、端典的RB-70以及苏联的萨姆-7等。美国1965年装备部队的“红眼”,是非全天候的近程被动导引的便携式防空导弹,用于追击以亚音速飞行的目标。“红眼”防空导弹装备于美国步兵及海军陆战队,同时也装备于西德、瑞士、丹麦     

便携式防空导弹武器系统可靠性分析与设计

可靠性是衡量武器系统性能的一项重要指标,也是影响系统效能的重要因素.在阐述可靠性及可靠性模型等基本概念的基础上,建立便携式防空导弹武器系统的可靠性模型,从可靠性设计的具体要求出发,结合便携式防空导弹武器系统组成及使用特点,提出了系统可靠性的量化评估模型和提高系统可靠性的设计方法,对提高便携式防空导弹武器系统可靠性和系统...     

混编式防空导弹群目标分配模型

为达到高技术条件下防空作战的目的,混编式防空导弹集群作战成为符合部队实际的作战模式.混编式防空导弹群的目标分配问题属于非线性规划问题,如用一般的方法求解,过程将十分复杂,满足不了防空作战实时性要求.本文将动态规划的思想应用于目标分配,在一定的假设前提下,设计了一种基于多元动态规划的混编式防空导弹目标分配模型,并结合具体的实例计算验证了模型的正确性.结论表明,所建立的模型简单、实用,对进一步探讨符合实战要求的目标分配模型提供了参考.     

对地攻击航空武器系统突防作战效能研究

建立了防空导弹武器系统效能评估模型,从降低防空导弹武器系统效能的角度提高对地攻击航空武器系统的突防能力入手,提出了装备反辐射导弹是提高对地攻击航空武器系统突防作战效能的有力手段,进而建立反辐射导弹抢先发射的必要条件,以此作为对反辐射导弹作战效能评估指标,其结果可用于武器系统效能评估中。     

舰载防空反导激光武器作战需求分析

随着激光技术的日益成熟和水面舰艇面临的防空作战环境越来越严峻,激光武器逐渐体现出在水面舰艇防空反导作战中的明显优势和特点.介绍了激光武器对目标的毁伤机理,通过与普通舰载火炮和防空导弹武器相比较,论述了激光武器在防空反导中的作战运用特点和优势.结合对未来水面舰艇面临防空作战环境特点的分析,提出发展舰载防空反导激光武器的作战需求.并综述了国外海军舰载防空反导激光武器系统的发展历程和研究现状.     

单兵便携式防空系统的激光对抗

近年来随着单兵便携式防空系统(MANPADS)或便携式制导导弹的不断发展,它对民用和军用飞机的威胁在不断增加。特别是2003年11月空中客车A300在伊拉克巴格达国际机场起飞时被单兵便携式防空系统击中后,人们对单兵便携式防空系统的威胁恐慌的程度日益增加。因此,迫切寻求有效保护飞机对抗单兵便携式防空系统的措施及方法。文中概要分析MANPADS激光对抗的可行性,国外MANPADS激光对抗系统的现状及未来发展计划。     

防空导弹面临的复杂电磁环境及对抗措施

给出了复杂电磁环境的定义,分析了防空导弹面临的复杂电磁环境,从反电子侦察技术、导引系统抗干扰技术和战术数据融合技术等方面提出了对抗措施,探讨了战术对抗的方法。本论文的观点,可以为防空导弹技术的发展以及复杂电磁环境下防空导弹的作战运用,提供一定的指导作用。     

基于改进排队论的舰空导弹服务概率研究

舰空导弹武器系统服务能力是衡量其作战效能的重要指标。结合现代水面舰艇防空作战的特点,针对传统模型考虑因素的不足,运用排队论的基本原理,构建了改进的舰空导弹服务概率模型。通过典型想定的示例计算分析,对模型进行了进一步的改进与探讨,所得结果充分验证了模型的合理性。该研究对丰富水面舰艇防空作战理论,辅助指挥员决策有一定的参考价值。     

便携式叶簇穿透战场监视雷达若干关键技术

传统战场监视雷达只能侦察通视条件下的裸露目标.随着对战场透明度要求的不断提高,具有穿透树丛能力的便携式战场监视雷达倍受关注.该文对这种新型体制雷达中的几项关键技术作了初步研究,分析了其战术指标与技术参数之间的关系,并对其信号处理中的新问题及相应的解决方法进行了探讨,给出的结论可为雷达设计者进行技术参数和系统方案的优化设计时提供参考.文章最后介绍了其今后可能的发展方向.     

定向红外对抗系统中的激光器技术

便携式防空系统（MANPADs）、各类红外制导导弹等红外热寻的武器是民用、军用飞机重要的威胁。随着红外成像探测器被广泛用于热寻的制导武器,传统的红外干扰机、曳光弹难以形成有效对抗,以红外波段激光作为光源的红外定向对抗（DIRCM）系统是目前对抗热寻的武器的有效手段。文中回顾了目前有代表性的红外定向对抗系统,分析阐述用于红外定向对抗系统中的激光器关键技术,给出红外成像探器致眩区域计算方法,并讨论展望红外对抗激光器技术的发展趋势。     

单兵全捷联图像制导弹药制导信息估计技术

针对全捷联图像导引头无法直接得到惯性系下的视线角速率问题,提出了基于扩展卡尔曼滤波的制导信息估计算法。首先推导了理想条件下视线角速率的解耦公式。进而基于扩展卡尔曼滤波方程,建立了全捷联体制下的制导信息估计模型,结合单兵便携式制导弹药的作战使用模式,通过蒙特卡洛打靶进行了精度仿真分析。最后通过半实物仿真实验对制导系统的闭环可行性进行了验证。结果表明,通过该算法估计得到的制导信息可以满足全捷联制导弹药命中精度的要求,全捷联图像导引头结合制导信息估计算法的技术途径具有较高的工程价值。     

Using novel fluorescent polymers as sensory materials forabove-ground sensing of chemical signature compounds emanating fromburied landmines

Chemical vapors originating from the explosive charge within landmines and unexploded ordnance (UXO) form a chemical “signature” unique to these devices. The fact that canines can detect this signature was a primary motivation for the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency's (DARPA) Dog's Nose Program. One goal of this program was to develop electronic chemical sensors that mimic the canine's ability to detect landmines. The sensor described here, developed under this program, utilizes novel fluorescent polymers to detect landmine signature vapors in air at ultratrace concentration levels (parts-per-trillion or less). Thin films of the polymers are highly emissive but undergo a dramatic reduction in emission intensity when molecules of target analytes bind to the polymer. Binding of a single explosive molecule can quench the fluorescence from hundreds of polymer repeat units, resulting in an amplification of the quenching response. The polymer structure contains receptor sites designed to interact specifically with nitroaromatic explosives, enhancing the selectivity of the polymers for target analytes. A man-portable sensor prototype, similar in size and configuration to metal detectors currently used for mine detection, has demonstrated performance comparable to that of canines during field tests monitored by DARPA at Fort Leonard Wood, MO     

Alternative Schemes for Dynamic Secure VPN Deployment in UMTS

Three alternative schemes for secure Virtual Private Network (VPN) deployment over the Universal Mobile Telecommunication System (UMTS) are proposed and analyzed. The proposed schemes enable a mobile node to voluntarily establish an IPsec-based secure channel to a private network. The alternative schemes differ in the location where the IPsec functionality is placed within the UMTS network architecture (mobile node, access network, and UMTS network border), depending on the employed security model, and whether data in transit are ever in clear-text, or available to be tapped by outsiders. The provided levels of privacy in the deployed VPN schemes, as well as the employed authentication models are examined. An analysis in terms of cost, complexity, and performance overhead that each method imposes to the underlying network architecture, as well as to the mobile devices is presented. The level of system reliability and scalability in granting security services is presented. The VPN management, usability, and trusted relations, as well as their behavior when a mobile user moves are analyzed. The use of special applications that require access to encapsulated data traffic is explored. Finally, an overall comparison of the proposed schemes from the security and operation point of view summarizes their relative performance. Christos Xenakis received his B.Sc. degree in computer science in 1993 and his M.Sc. degree in telecommunication and computer networks in 1996, both from the Department of Informatics and Telecommunications, University of Athens, Greece. In 2004 he received his Ph.D. from the University of Athens (Department of Informatics and Telecommunications). From 1998–2000 was with the Greek telecoms system development firm Teletel S.A., where was involved in the design and development of advanced telecommunications subsystems for ISDN, ATM, GSM, and GPRS. Since 1996 he has been a member of the Communication Networks Laboratory of the University of Athens. He has participated in numerous projects realized in the context of EU Programs (ACTS, ESPRIT, IST). His research interests are in the field of mobile/wireless networks, security and distributed network management. He is the author of over 15 papers in the above areas. Lazaros Merakos received the Diploma in electrical and mechanical engineering from the National Technical University of Athens, Greece, in 1978, and the M.S. and Ph.D. degrees in electrical engineering from the State University of New York, Buffalo, in 1981 and 1984, respectively. From 1983 to 1986, he was on the faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science at the University of Connecticut, Storrs. From 1986 to 1994 he was on the faculty of the Electrical and Computer Engineering Department at Northeastern University, Boston, MA. During the period 1993–1994 he served as Director of the Communications and Digital Processing Research Center at Northeastern University. During the summers of 1990 and 1991, he was a Visiting Scientist at the IBM T. J. Watson Research Center, Yorktown Heights, NY. In 1994, he joined the faculty of the University of Athens, Athens, Greece, where he is presently a Professor in the Department of Informatics and Telecommunications, and Director of the Communication Networks Laboratory (UoA-CNL) and the Networks Operations and Management Center. His research interests are in the design and performance analysis of broadband networks, and wireless/mobile communication systems and services. He has authored more than 150 papers in the above areas. Since 1995, he is leading the research activities of UoA-CNL in the area of mobile communications, in the framework of the Advanced Communication Technologies & Services (ACTS) and Information Society Technologies (IST) programmes funded by the European Union (projects RAINBOW, Magic WAND, WINE, MOBIVAS, POLOS, ANWIRE). He is chairman of the board of the Greek Universities Network, the Greek Schools Network, and member of the board of the Greek Research Network. In 1994, he received the Guanella Award for the Best Paper presented at the International Zurich Seminar on Mobile Communications.     

企业VPN技术应用实施浅析

随着企业规模逐渐扩大,远程用户、分支机构、合作伙伴也在不断增多,关键业务的需求增加,出现了一种通过公共网络（如Internet）来建立自己的专用网络的技术,这种技术就是虚拟专用网（简称VPN）。本文首先介绍了VPN的概念,对VPN的实现技术进行了分类和适用性分析,然后分析了各种类型的企业在信息安全方面的需求和限制,根据不同企业的特点提出了不同的VPN解决方案,最后,对VPN在集成电路企业中的应用做了简单的拓朴展示。     

接入控制器安全网络管理系统的设计与实现

在讨论了接入控制器(AC)网络管理系统安全重要性的基础上,分析了SNMP协议的应用,包括对其3个版本SNMPv1、SNMPv2及SNMPv3的优缺点的对比,并解释了该设备网络管理系统采用SNMPv3版本的原因.详细介绍了AC所实现的管理信息库的内容,包括RFC1213协议、IEEE 802.1x协议、RMON协议、Web DHCP、EAP_OTP、EAP_MD5、EAP_TLS、EAP_SIM等多种认证协议以及网络管理系统的五大功能.最后阐述了AC安全网络管理系统结构的设计与实现.     

SOI Technologies Overview for Low-Power Low-Voltage Radio-Frequency Applications

Thanks to their structure, the SOI technologies present several intrinsic advantages for analog and RF applications. Indeed, as it is well established now, these technologies allow the reduction of the power consumption at a given operating frequency. Moreover, the high-insulating properties of SOI substrates, in particular when high resistivity substrate is used, make that these technologies are perfect candidates for mixed-signal applications. In the present paper, we will discuss the performances of the SOI technologies in radio-frequency range. First of all, the high-frequency behavior of SOI substrates, thanks to the characterization of transmission lines, will be shown. The impact of the SOI substrate resistivity on the performances of passive components will also be analyzed. Then, an overview of RF performances of SOI MOSFETs for two different architectures, fully- and partially-depleted, will be achieved and compared to the bulk ones. Finally, the influence of some specific parasitic effects, such as the kink effect, the self-heating effect and the kink-related excess noise, on the RF performances of SOI devices will be studied, thanks to a specific high-frequency characterization.     

自动测试系统中的总线技术

自动测试系统满足现代科研生产中对测试高速度和高精度的要求,其发展方向是标准化、模块化和系列化,而标准的总线技术是满足这三化的关键技术,总线技术作为自动测试系统的核心,其发展推动了自动测试系统的更新换代.按照自动测试系统中出现的总线技术的顺序,依次对GPIB,VXI,PXI,LXI的基本特性、优缺点及应用进行概括,重点是结合在实际中组建自动测试系统对总线的选型,从宏观上比较了选取传统的卡式仪器总线或基于以太网的新型总线的因素.从而使用户在选取总线时更有针对性和目的性.     

雷达探鸟技术发展与应用综述

探鸟雷达已成为机场鸟击防范、风力发电场鸟击风险评估、鸟类自然保护区鸟情观测与科学研究的重要工具。文中首先论述了探鸟雷达的主要组成部分。然后,分析了地面杂波、空域杂波和其他无关目标对探鸟雷达探测效果的影响,进而介绍了传统的杂波抑制方法和相参雷达杂波抑制技术,以及先进的探鸟雷达采用的目标检测、目标跟踪、目标显示、数据记录和雷达组网等数据处理技术。接着,给出了当前的探鸟雷达能够获取的目标轨迹、回波大小、回波强度、信号波动、飞行速度、飞行高度等反映飞鸟目标特性的主要指标。最后,描述了国内外四种典型雷达探鸟系统,并针对雷达探鸟技术的未来发展提出了一些思考及可行性建议。