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1.
风力机尾迹区域的流场特征对风电场的优化布置具有重要意义。文章基于流固耦合理论,采用ANSYS+FLUENT方法和滑移网格技术对NREL 5 MW风力机的尾迹特性进行了系统分析。结果表明:在风力机近尾迹区流固耦合情况下风力机的输出功率和轴向推力更接近NREL设计值;在远尾迹区、双向流固耦合情况下,轴向速度更早地在风力机下游6倍风轮直径X=6D处达到来流速度,而湍流强度也提前在X=2D处出现拐点开始下降,在X=6D处达到9.8%,流场进入低湍流度区,从而得到了风力机合理布置方面的重要结论,这将对风力机合理布置和风电场经济性的提高提供一定的参考。  相似文献   

2.
文章采用数值模拟结合理论分析的方法,对在偏航工况下额定功率为300 W的S翼型水平轴风力机进行计算和分析。首先进行网格无关性验证,在此基础上对4个偏航工况进行数值模拟,对比分析了风轮后不同截面上的尾迹速度和尾迹偏转角。结果表明,偏航导致尾迹中心产生一定程度的偏斜,尾迹形状卷曲不对称,风力机尾迹缩短;随着偏航角的增大,尾迹偏转角增大;随着传播距离的增加,偏转程度逐渐减小,风轮上、下侧尾迹偏转差别很大。  相似文献   

3.
基于偏航的风力机尾迹偏移控制流动机理研究   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
《动力工程学报》2017,(8):655-662
通过非定常CFD方法模拟在大气边界层环境下2台串列布置的全尺寸5MW风力机组,研究在风场多尺度流动特性下基于偏航的尾迹控制方法导致尾迹偏移的流动机理.结果表明:上游风力机偏航可有效提高风场总功率;速度场分析显示偏航时尾迹发生形变,而涡量场分析表明偏航的尾迹在传播过程中将产生一对逆时针旋转的涡,从而导致尾迹在宏观上表现为偏移;尾迹偏移效果仅在轮毂高度处较为显著,发生形变的尾迹低速区仍会向其余区域扩散.  相似文献   

4.
针对偏航工况下风力机叶片与流场之间的相互作用而产生的变形影响叶片绕流流场问题,基于叶片变形对不同偏航工况下水平轴风力机叶片绕流流场进行双向流固耦合数值计算,分析偏航工况对风力机叶片变形和表面应力的影响,在此基础上研究不同偏航工况对叶片绕流流场的影响.结果表明,不同叶片上的变形和应力呈现不均匀性,且随偏航角增大,不均匀性...  相似文献   

5.
文章利用ANSYS Workbench中的Fluid Flow(CFX)与Transient Structural平台对实木和环氧树脂材料叶片进行双向流固耦合数值模拟,分析了流固耦合作用下风力机叶片的变形情况和叶片变形对风力机尾迹流场和输出功率的影响。分析结果表明:在额定风速下,叶尖位置变形最大,实木材料叶片的最大变形量为18.72mm,远大于环氧树脂材料叶片的最大变形量(4.88 mm),随着风速的增大实木材料叶片变形更明显;实木材料叶片风力机的尾迹叶尖涡涡量较大,尾迹速度扰动更加强烈,速度亏损也较多,风轮输出功率较大。  相似文献   

6.
宋力  党永利  谢晓凤  郭枭  田瑞 《可再生能源》2019,(10):1546-1550
文章选取风轮直径为2 m的水平轴风力机为研究对象,采用数值模拟计算的方法研究叶片在不同工况下的位移及应力/应变。研究结果表明:气动载荷使叶片产生挥舞方向的变形,且在展向上有较大幅度的位移;随着风轮转速的增加,叶片的位移有明显的增加,沿弦向前缘压力大于后缘的压力,沿展向叶根处变形要小于叶尖。  相似文献   

7.
风力机大型化的发展趋势对风力机自身动力学特性的要求越来越高,开展风力机模态分析对于风力机的设计至关重要。文章采用k-ωSST紊流模型和滑移网格技术,对美国国家可再生能源实验室5 MW海上风力机进行了流固耦合模态分析。结果表明,旋转风轮中各叶片变形相互影响,并与轮毂的弹性变形成为一个耦合系统,其固有频率相对于单叶片有较大幅度降低;动力刚化效应使得叶片的固有模态频率增加;考虑风轮的流固耦合效应时,风轮的自振频率要比不考虑流固耦合效应时低;整机在流固耦合作用下一阶模态值大于旋转频率,大于波浪的频率,不会发生共振。  相似文献   

8.
水平轴风力机尾迹流场PIV实验研究   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
在水平轴风力机模型不同尖速比条件下,利用PIV粒子图像测速技术对风轮尾迹流场进行了测量。采用锁相平均测量技术,获得了风轮尾迹流场的瞬时速度场、时均速度场、涡量场等有关定量信息,为准确计算风力机的流场、载荷和气动特性等提供了依据。实验结果表明:风轮叶片尾缘后侧的尾迹中存在轴向速度亏损区。尾迹在叶片尾缘生成后,随即发生膨胀。直到风轮下游2倍弦长以后,尾迹低速区逐渐衰减,轴向速度不断增加,尾迹区同时发生收缩现象。风轮尾迹涡从叶片尾缘脱落后,在向下游发展传播过程中,尾迹涡的涡心所形成的运动轨迹是与风轮叶片旋转方向相反的螺旋线,涡量数值随着螺旋线向风轮下游的延伸而减小。由于风力机叶片数少,相邻叶片之间的尾迹基本上不存在互相干扰的现象。  相似文献   

9.
唐剑宇  周涛  施鎏鎏 《能源工程》2022,42(2):34-39,56
采用CFD方法,对一台两叶片的水平轴风力机在均匀来流和风切变来流两种来流条件的尾迹特性进行定常数值模拟,研究其尾迹区内轴向速度亏损以及湍流强度变化.结果表明:两种来流条件下,轴向速度在尾迹区内不同位置沿径向的分布都近似由M形分布逐渐变为V形分布,但在风切变来流下垂直平面的上下部轴向速度并不对称;在水平平面上,风...  相似文献   

10.
风电场上风向风力机风轮的尾迹将极大地影响下风向风力机的发电量和寿命。通常,如果在风电场建成后检测到尾迹效应,风电场运营商会采用如尾迹重定向,诱导因数控制等控制技术以降低尾迹的影响,为此有必要开发一种能够在线检测尾迹撞击风轮的技术。现有的风力机尾迹检测手段存在高成本或低可靠性的缺陷,提出了一种基于应变检测的实时在线数据分析方法。该方法可以在风轮被全部尾迹击中和部分尾迹击中的情况下,为控制系统提供可靠的尾迹撞击检测结果。采用美国可再生能源实验室开发的风电场模拟工具FAST.Farm,对所提出的方法在均匀风和湍流风情况下进行了仿真,仿真结果验证了本方法在典型风况条件下的有效性。  相似文献   

11.
为减小风电场尾流效应的影响,提升风电场整体发电量,提出一种基于偏航尾流模型的风电场功率协同优化方法。首先建立风电场偏航尾流模型,该模型包括用于计算单机组尾流速度分布的Jensen-Gaussian尾流模型、尾流偏转模型及多机组尾流叠加模型,对各机组风轮前来流风速进行求解;再根据来流风速计算风电场输出功率,并以风电场整体输出功率最大为优化目标,利用拟牛顿算法协同优化各机组轴向诱导因子和偏航角度。以4行4列方形布置的16台NREL-5 MW风电机组为对象进行仿真研究。结果表明,所提出的基于偏航尾流模型的风电场功率协同优化方法能显著提升风电场整体输出功率。  相似文献   

12.
    
This paper investigates a new method for transient simulation of flow through a wind turbine using an actuator technique. The aim, in the context of wind turbine wake simulation, is to develop an alternative to the widely used actuator disc model with an increased resolution and range of applications, for the same or less computational expense. In this new model, the actuator sector method, forces applied to the fluid are distributed azimuthally to maintain a continuous flow solution for increased time‐step intervals compared with the actuator line method. Actuator sector results are presented in comparison with actuator disc and actuator line models initially for a non‐dimensionalized turbine in laminar onset flow. Subsequent results are presented for a turbine operating in a turbulent atmospheric boundary layer. Results show significant increases in flow fidelity compared with actuator disc model results; this includes the resolution of diametric variation in rotor loading caused by horizontal or vertical wind shear and the helical vortex system shed from the turbine blade tips. Significant reductions in computational processing time were achieved with wake velocities and turbulence statistics comparable with actuator line model results. The actuator sector method offers an improved alternative to applications employing conventional actuator disc models, with little or no additional computational cost. This technique in conjunction with a Cartesian mesh‐based parallel flow solver leads to efficient simulation of turbines in atmospheric boundary layer flows. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

13.
    
This article presents a wind plant control strategy that optimizes the yaw settings of wind turbines for improved energy production of the whole wind plant by taking into account wake effects. The optimization controller is based on a novel internal parametric model for wake effects called the FLOw Redirection and Induction in Steady‐state (FLORIS) model. The FLORIS model predicts the steady‐state wake locations and the effective flow velocities at each turbine, and the resulting turbine electrical energy production levels, as a function of the axial induction and the yaw angle of the different rotors. The FLORIS model has a limited number of parameters that are estimated based on turbine electrical power production data. In high‐fidelity computational fluid dynamics simulations of a small wind plant, we demonstrate that the optimization control based on the FLORIS model increases the energy production of the wind plant, with a reduction of loads on the turbines as an additional effect. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

14.
    
Individual turbine location within a wind plant defines the flow characterisitcs experienced by a given turbine. Irregular turbine arrays and inflow misalignment can reduce plant efficiency by producing highly asymmetric wakes with enhanced downstream longevity. Changes in wake dynamics as a result of turbine position were quantified in a wind tunnel experiment. Scale model turbines with a rotor diameter of 20 cm and a hub height of 24 cm were placed in symmetric, asymmetric, and rotated configurations. Simultaneous hub height velocity measurements were recorded at 11 spanwise locations for three distances downstream of the turbine array under two inflow conditions. Wake interactions are described in terms of the time‐average streamwise velocity and turbulence intensity as well as the displacement, momentum, and energy thicknesses. The effects of wake merging on power generation are quantified, and the two‐point correlation is used to examine symmetry in the mean velocity between wakes. The results indicate that both asymmetric and rotated wind plant arrangements can produce long‐lasting wakes. At shallow angles, rotated configurations compound the effects of asymmetric arrangements and greatly increase downstream wake persistence.  相似文献   

15.
风力机尾流对风电场的输出功率有着重要影响,为深入研究增设小风力机对风电场整体出力的影响,采用OpenFOAM模拟2个大风力机和2个大风力机之间横向布置的3个小风力机的组合,并以小风力机与下游大风力机之间距离不同的4种工况和其中1种工况下小风力机高度不同为研究对象。该布局在2个大风力机之间增加3个小风力机,每排小风力机与下游大风力机的距离不同。结果表明:经距离不同和高度不同的计算对比,当小风力机高度设置为37 m时,随着与上游大风力机距离的增大,下游大风力机功率逐渐增加;当小风力机距离下游大风力机位置固定,增加小风力机轮毂高度则使得下游大风力机功率降低。  相似文献   

16.
魏歆蕊  黄铭枫 《太阳能学报》2022,43(10):202-209
在Frandsen非线性尾流半径假设的基础上,推导得出考虑环境湍流强度和风力机推力系数影响的Frandsen高斯修正尾流速度模型,并提出Frandsen双高斯湍流强度模型。以600 kW单风力机为案例,通过开展风洞试验和大涡模拟2种研究手段验证2个修正模型的预测效果。结果表明,Frandsen高斯修正尾流速度模型在径向尾流上预测效果更好,模型平均误差下降至7%,优于Frandsen速度模型。Frandsen双高斯湍流强度模型则能更好反映实际湍流强度在尾流场的变化特征。2种修正模型均比传统模型具有更好的预测效果,为风力机设计提供了新的尾流模型。  相似文献   

17.
基于稀疏增强动力学模态分解(SPDMD)方法对风力机尾流大涡模拟(LES)结果开展降阶模型研究,并将分解结果与标准DMD方法进行比较。结果表明,动力学模态分解方法能提取尾流动态特征,揭示风力机尾流演化规律。标准DMD方法倾向于选择具有小尺度和高频率的模态,而SPDMD方法选择具有低频率的大尺度流动特征。相比于标准DMD方法,SPDMD方法在低维子空间上建立风力机非定常尾流场的降阶模型,以较少的模态数目重构和预测风力机尾流场,可提高计算效率。  相似文献   

18.
通过实验测试,以动态旋转平台模拟风力机风向变化及偏航对风,研究不同偏航速度及偏航延时时间对风力机叶片应力及功率的影响。结果表明:动态偏航对风过程中,应力值基本呈由前缘向后缘、叶根向叶尖递减的趋势,在叶展方向0.67R及0.75R处,叶根弦向方向0.25c及0.50c处出现应力集中现象,偏航延时时间的加入可有效抑制叶片应力波动,过慢的偏航速度会导致功率曲线出现较大波动。引入一无量纲系数,该系数为风力机功率及叶片应力的比值,通过分析得知在仅考虑风力机叶片应力及功率时,风力机最佳偏航速度为0.5°/s。  相似文献   

19.
针对大型风电场尾流评估问题,考虑大气边界层垂向动量输运和风电场内流动不均匀性,提出一种基于传统尾流模型和风电场边界层模型的耦合求解方法。采用Horns Rev风电场和青海锡铁山矿区风电场群实测数据对所提出的耦合方法进行验证,结果显示该方法可较为准确的评估大型风电场的场内、场间尾流效应,对大型风电场和集群化风电场开发具有重要理论和工程应用价值。  相似文献   

20.
    
Understanding of power losses and turbulence increase due to wind turbine wake interactions in large offshore wind farms is crucial to optimizing wind farm design. Power losses and turbulence increase due to wakes are quantified based on observations from Middelgrunden and state‐of‐the‐art models. Observed power losses due solely to wakes are approximately 10% on average. These are relatively high for a single line of wind turbines due in part to the close spacing of the wind farm. The wind farm model Wind Analysis and Application Program (WAsP) is shown to capture wake losses despite operating beyond its specifications for turbine spacing. The paper describes two methods of estimating turbulence intensity: one based on the mean and standard deviation (SD) of wind speed from the nacelle anemometer, the other from mean power output and its SD. Observations from the nacelle anemometer indicate turbulence intensity which is around 9% higher in absolute terms than those derived from the power measurements. For comparison, turbulence intensity is also derived from wind speed and SD from a meteorological mast at the same site prior to wind farm construction. Despite differences in the measurement height and period, overall agreement is better between the turbulence intensity derived from power measurements and the meteorological mast than with those derived from data from the nacelle anemometers. The turbulence in wind farm model indicates turbulence increase of the order 20% in absolute terms for flow directly along the row which is in good agreement with the observations. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

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