掺镱脉冲光纤激光器抽运的高功率PPMgLN光参变振荡器

报道了研制主振-放大（MOPA）结构的高功率保偏掺镱脉冲光纤激光器并用其抽运光参变振荡器（OPO）的研究工作。掺镱脉冲光纤激光器以声光调Q的Nd∶YVO4激光器作为种子源, Liekki的大直径双包层保偏光纤作为放大介质, 得到接近基模的1064 nm波长激光输出, 最大线偏振输出功率17 W, 偏振消光比优于10 dB, 重复频率50 kHz, 脉冲宽度60 ns。利用该光纤激光作为抽运光, 抽运基于周期性畴极化反转掺镁铌酸锂（PPMgLN）晶体的宽带可调谐OPO, 实现了高效参量转换。在信号光1518 nm通道, 以16.2 W功率抽运, 获得最大参变输出功率9 W, 其中3.5 μm波长功率为2.4 W。OPO的能量转换效率为58%, 斜效率为68％。在信号光1491 nm通道, 以14 W功率抽运, 获得最大参变输出6.6 W, 其中3.7 μm波长功率超过2 W。     

High-power CW linearly polarized all-fiber Raman laser

We demonstrate a high-power continuous-wave linearly polarized all-fiber Raman laser. The maximum Stokes output power of 4.7 W at 1120-nm wavelength with conversion slope efficiency of 87% was achieved. It is shown that Raman laser threshold greatly depends on pump polarization degree while Raman laser polarization depends on the design of Raman converter rather than on polarization of the pump laser. Slope efficiency was found to be independent on pump polarization degree.     

Highly Narrow Linewidth, CW, All-Fiber Oscillator With a Switchable Linear Polarization

We present a fiber laser with a switchable state of linearly polarized output realized by inscribing point-by-point fiber Bragg gratings directly into the active core of a polarization-maintaining fiber. The compact all-fiber system exhibited a very narrow laser linewidth of ~13.5 pm (3.5 GHz), at a maximum continuous-wave output power of 188 mW. The optical signal-to-noise ratio was greater then 62 dB for both lasing polarizations. The robust system exhibited excellent long-term wavelength and laser linewidth stability.     

142 W高峰值功率窄线宽线偏振脉冲光纤激光器

报道了一种基于主振荡功率放大(MOPA)结构工作的全光纤窄线宽线偏振纳秒脉冲光纤激光器。脉冲种子源是由一个分布反馈直腔型(DFB)单频光纤激光器被光电调制器进行强度调制后产生的。为了抑制受激布里渊散射(SBS)效应,脉宽被调节为3 ns,并且种子源线宽被相位调制器展宽为2.9 GHz。经两级保偏掺Yb3+光纤放大器放大后,获得了平均功率142 W,重复频率1 MHz,脉冲宽度2.88 ns,峰值功率49.3 kW的脉冲激光输出。在最大输出功率时,激光光束质量因子M2约为1.15,偏振消光比(PER)大于15.4 dB。     

全光纤化高功率线偏振掺镱脉冲光纤激光器

建立了双包层调Q光纤激光器的速率方程,并利用一个全光纤化的声光调Q光纤激光器作为种子源,双包层掺镱保偏光纤作为增益介质,研制了一个全光纤化的高功率线偏振掺镱脉冲光纤激光器。在泵浦功率38.4 W,偏振种子激光功率0.6 W,重复频率40 kHz,脉冲宽度为30 ns时,获得了偏振激光输出29.8 W,偏振消光比大于10 dB。在高功率输出时,激光光束质量因子（M2）达到了1.32。     

光纤气体激光光源研究进展及展望(Ⅱ):基于粒子数反转

粒子数反转和受激拉曼散射是实现光纤气体激光器输出的最常见的两种基本原理。与光纤气体拉曼激光光源不同,基于粒子数反转原理的光纤气体激光器是通过气体分子振转能级的本征吸收跃迁实现激光输出。由于绝大多数气体分子的振转能级对应的激射跃迁谱线都在中红外波段,这种激光器的输出波长基本都在中红外波段。简要分析了基于粒子数反转原理的光纤气体激光器在产生中红外波段激光方面的优势,重点回顾了其发展历史与研究现状,并对下一步的发展趋势进行了展望。     

双端泵Nd:YVO4固体激光器泵浦的高功率光参量振荡器

报道了基于双端泵Nd:YVO4固体脉冲激光器泵浦的基于周期性畴极化反转氧化镁掺杂铌酸锂晶体(PPMgLN)的光参量振荡器(OPO)。双端泵Nd:YVO4固体脉冲激光器采用激光二极管作为双端泵浦源,在25 kHz重频下获得了平均功率为23.5 W的1064 nm近基模线偏振激光输出。使用该激光器泵浦一个基于PPMgLN的OPO,获得了平均功率为3.54 W的3.83μm中红外激光输出。OPO的斜率效率为65.2%,其中,从1.064μm到3.83μm的斜率效率为18.1%。该系统结构十分紧凑、成本低、实用性强,在4 h内的稳定度小于4%,具有较高的应用价值。     

Excitation spectra of the green Ho:fluorozirconate glass fiberlaser

Laser and fluorescence excitation spectra of the green Ho:ZBLAN glass fiber laser have been measured at room temperature by pumping 20-90-cm-long fibers in the 640-653-nm spectral region with a CW dye laser. Pronounced structure in the laser excitation spectrum appears to arise from Stark sublevels of the Ho³⁺⁵F₅ and ⁵I₈ states rather than excited state absorption. Because the overall gain profile is inhomogeneously broadened, the laser excitation spectrum width increases with pump power and is ~5.7-nm FWHM when the pump power is a factor of 2.3 above threshold. For a 22-cm fiber, the threshold pump power is 128±5 mW and, with 5% output coupling, more than 12 mW has been extracted in the green for 318 mW of 646.7 nm input power. The slope efficiency for this oscillator (accounting for the pump launch efficiency) exceeds 14%     

高功率窄谱宽1 915 nm掺铥光纤激光器研究

开展了1 915 nm高功率、高效率、窄谱宽输出的掺铥光纤激光器（TDFL）研究。基于全光纤主振荡功率放大（MOPA）结构,采用40 W的793 nm半导体激光器泵浦纤芯直径25 m的双包层大模场面积（LMA）掺铥光纤,获得了最高功率12.1 W的1 915 nm窄谱宽连续种子激光输出。将8 W种子光注入掺铥光纤放大器,在793 nm激光泵浦功率为142.9 W时,获得了平均功率90 W的激光输出,其中心波长为1 915.051 nm,3 dB谱宽仅为94 pm,斜率效率为60.2%,光-光转换效率达63.0%。该系统在40 min运行考核时间内输出激光稳定性良好。     

高功率1.48 μm国产掺磷光纤级联拉曼激光器

使用20 W/1.06 μm掺镱双包层光纤激光器作为抽运源, 抽运由300 m国产掺磷光纤和光纤光栅构成的级联拉曼谐振腔, 进行了高功率1.48 μm级联拉曼光纤激光器的实验研究。实验研究了不同反射率的输出光纤光栅对拉曼激光阈值和激光效率的影响。结果表明激光阈值随输出光纤光栅反射率的增加而减小。当使用25.7%的输出光纤光栅时, 激光器具有最大的转换效率, 在入腔抽运功率为12.1 W时, 获得了最大2.8 W/1.48 μm连续波激光输出, 相应的激光斜率效率和转换效率分别为31.3%和23.1%。通过监测1.48 μm激光的最大输出功率, 2 h内的功率波动小于5%。     

Erbium-doped optical fiber amplifiers pumped in the 660- and 820-nmbands

State-of-the-art erbium (Er)-doped optical fiber amplifiers (EDFA's) pumped in the 660- and 820-nm bands are described. We have demonstrated highly efficient EDFA's incorporating optimized 664- and 827-nm pump wavelengths and an Er-doped high numerical aperture (NA) fiber with thermally diffused expanded core (TEC) fiber ends. Gain coefficients of 3.8 and 1.3 dB/mW at respective wavelengths of 664 and 827 nm were achieved at a signal wavelength of 1535 nm. Noise figures of 3.1 and 4.1 dB at respective pump wavelengths of 670 and 827 nm were obtained at a signal wavelength of 1535 nm. A highly efficient Er-doped fiber amplifier module, in which an AlGaInP visible laser diode (LD) was used as the pump source, was successfully developed as a practical application of this technology. A maximum overall gain coefficient of 3.0 dB/mW was achieved at a signal wavelength of 1535 nm. The EDFA module realized a maximum overall signal gain of 33 dB at 1535 nm with a saturated output power of -1 dBm. A maximum saturated output power of 3.9 dBm was obtained at a signal wavelength of 1552 nm. The present EDFA design using a low-cost laser diode for optical disk memory use and a high NA Er-doped fiber has great potential for providing inexpensive, high-performance EDFA's     

Efficient Nd:YAG slab longitudinally pumped by diode lasers

An efficient scalable 1.06-μm continuous-wave (CW) Nd:YAG slab laser longitudinally pumped by diode lasers is discussed. The 809-nm diode radiation is focused into every laser channel emerging from the reflection points of the 1.06-μm beam on the coated slab surfaces. A maximum CW TEM₀₀ output power of 675 mW has been obtained at a diode pump power of 2 W resulting in a slope efficiency of 40%     

基于PPLN的中红外连续光学参变振荡器研究进展

基于周期性极化铌酸锂(PPLN)晶体和准相位匹配的连续波光学参变振荡器可以在3μm~5μm中红外波段产生连续可调谐相干辐射,在大气环境污染监测、遥感、激光雷达、光谱分析以及军事红外对抗等领域具有很高的应用价值。介绍了基于PPLN晶体的中红外连续波光参变振荡器近年来在高功率、低抽运阈值、宽调谐、窄线宽等方面的研究进展,并对基于PPLN晶体的连续波光学参变振荡器的优势特点及其涉及的一些技术方法展开讨论。目前基于PPLN的中红外连续光学参变振荡器的研究主要集中在上述4个领域,随着抽运光源性能及非线性晶体制备水平不断提高,将向着更高功率、更低阈值、更宽调谐范围、更窄线宽的方向迈进。     

High-power and tunable operation of erbium-ytterbium Co-doped cladding-pumped fiber lasers

We describe erbium-ytterbium co-doped fiber lasers in different free-running and tunable configurations. The lasers were cladding-pumped by high-power multimode diode sources. We compare pumping at 915 and 980 nm. With a free-running laser, we obtained slope efficiencies of up to 50% with 915-nm pumping and 38% with 980-nm pumping, with respect to absorbed pump power. We reached a double-ended output power of 16.8 W from the free-running laser. Thanks to a high rare-earth concentration and a small inner cladding area (possible with the high-brightness pump sources we used), the operating pump absorption of the fiber reached 8 dB/m. With such high absorption, short fibers with high nonlinear thresholds are possible even with cladding pumping. The tunable fiber laser had a tuning range from 1533 to 1600 nm and emitted 6.7 W of output power at 1550nm in a high-brightness, single-polarization, narrow linewidth beam.     

High-gain superfluorescent neodymium-doped single-mode fiber source

High-brightness, low-coherence sources are required in a number of optical sensor applications, particularly the fiber-optic gyro. An efficient superfluorescent, neodymium-doped phosphate glass fiber source has been developed which fulfils this requirement. The fiber shows a high-gain efficiency at 1.053 μm of 1 dB/mW pump power and this permits pumping with an 810 nm single-stripe AlGaAs laser diode to obtain >5 mW CW output power at a wavelength of 1.053 μm for only 45 mW of pump power     

被动调Q锁模掺镱光纤激光器

报道了基于偏振旋转技术等效快可饱和吸收体的被动调Q锁模光纤激光器,采用976 nm半导体激光器作为抽运源,高掺杂浓度的Yb3 光纤作为增益介质构成环形腔,通过调节抽运光功率和偏振控制器的角度得到了调Q,调Q锁模与锁模三种稳定的输出脉冲。获得的锁模脉冲中心波长为1.05μm,重复频率为20 MHz,脉冲光谱宽度为13.8 nm,抽运功率为270 mW时,锁模平均输出功率为15.82 mW;调Q频率为17.54 kHz,调Q脉冲宽度为8μs,光谱宽度为4.7 nm;调Q锁模中调Q重复频率为300 kHz。     

掺铥双包层光纤激光器研究

掺铥光纤激光器所发射的2mm波段激光处于水分子吸收峰且对人眼安全,并且被认为是3～5mm光参量振荡的有效抽运源,因此具有巨大应用前景。围绕进口和国产掺铥双包层光纤展开了一系列研究,实现了光纤激光器的连续运转、脉冲运转、可调谐输出等。对进口光纤的光谱特性进行了较全面的研究,获得最大连续输出功率6W、斜率效率50%;采用国产掺铥双包层光纤,获得最大连续输出功率5.1 W、斜率效率41.9%;采用后向Littrow结构、以闪耀光栅作为选频元件,获得了2mm附近最大范围可达105nm的可调谐激光输出,且各调谐激光线宽均在2.2nm左右。采用声光调制器(AOM)作为Q开关,在调制频率为1kHz时,获得最高峰值功率4.2kW、最大脉冲能量840mJ、脉宽200ns的脉冲输出;在3kHz时获得了最短180ns的脉冲输出。对双端抽运方式也进行了研究。分析了腔镜透射率和激光介质长度对激光输出功率的影响,讨论了激光光谱的红移现象。     

Characteristics of an erbium-doped fiber amplifier pumped by a frequency doubled diode-pumped Nd:YAG laser

The characteristics of an erbium-doped fiber amplifier pumped by a 532-nm diode-pumped Nd:YAG laser are presented. A maximum system gain of 31 dB at 591 Mb/s is obtained with a corresponding system noise of less than 0.5 dB. An amplified signal output power of greater than 10 mW was obtained, with a coupled pump power of 46 mW and a corresponding quantum efficiency of around 65%. By optimizing the erbium fiber design, higher system gains and saturation power levels are feasible. These figures, and in particular the combination of high output powers and low noise, establish the usefulness of this pump laser as a viable alternative to the semiconductor pump lasers currently under investigation at 1480 and 980 nm.<>     

基于MOPA结构的1064nm单频光纤激光器

为了抑制受激布里渊散射效应, 提高单频窄线宽种子源的放大功率, 采用主振荡功率放大器结构, 并对光纤长度、纤芯直径和抽运参量进行优化, 实现了42W的1064nm信号光输出。实验中, 一级放大采用914nm半导体激光器作为抽运源, 增益光纤芯径10μm, 长度8m;二级放大采用976nm半导体激光器作为抽运源, 增益光纤芯径20μm, 长度2.4m。在种子光功率40mW、一级放大的抽运功率6.8W、二级放大的抽运功率85W时, 得到了42W的1064nm信号光输出。结果表明, 光光转换效率约49.4%, 偏振消光比27.5dB; 输出信号光中心波长1064.5nm, 线宽约70MHz, 保持了种子光的单频特性。在42W连续输出时没有观察到受激布里渊散射, 继续增大抽运功率, 有望实现更高功率的放大。     

L波段可调谐Er/Yb共掺环形腔光纤激光器

报道了一种工作在L波段波长可调的环形腔Er／Yb共掺双包层光纤激光器。利用两段高双折射光纤和两个偏振控制器组成的环形镜作波长选择器件，通过调整环形镜中偏振控制器的状态来改变环形镜对不同波长的反射率以实现某波长的激光输出，使波长调节范围达到60nm，不同波长处激光输出功率的起伏小于0．7dB；采用较长的Er／Yb共掺双包层光纤(EYDF)作增益介质，利用6个976nm激光二极管同时抽运前段Er／Yb共掺双包层光纤所产生的放大自发辐射谱作为二次抽运源，对腔内未被抽运的一段Er／Yb共掺双包层光纤进行抽运，使增益谱移到L波段，实现了L波段可调谐激光器的稳定输出。在最大抽运功率为3594．5mW时，测得抽运入纤功率为2737．37mW，得到最大输出功率300mW，斜率效率为11％的激光输出，所形成激光光谱的3dB带宽为1．8nm，边模抑制比大于38dB。