Ozone Generation from Oxygen and Air: Discharge Physics and Reaction Mechanisms

Industrial ozone generation uses a special high pressure, low temperature electrical discharge which is referred to as the dielectric barrier discharge or silent discharge. The filamentary structure of this discharge and the properties of individual microdischarges are discussed. The main reaction paths for the excited atomic and molecular species in oxygen and air are identified. Possible approaches to obtain high power densities, high ozone generating efficiencies or high ozone concentrations are discussed.     

化学工程学的发展趋势和在科学发展中的地位

化学工程学不仅是一个经典的工程技术学科 (四大工程技术学科 :建筑工程、机械工程、电子工程和化学工程之一 ) ,而且是进一步探索生命科学 (植物生理学和动物生理学 )的基础 ;在强调绿色经济 (即 :平衡发展 )的今天 ,化学工程学将会发挥出越来越大的作用。     

“材料科学与工程”思想的培养及研究

＂材料科学与工程＂学科是一门很有思想的学科。本文以宁夏大学机械工程学院为例,从科研、社会服务两方面叙述和研究了如何培养师生的＂材料科学与工程＂的思想。     

Verification of Ozone Clusters (O6 & O9)

The use of silica gel for the storing of ozone was investigated. The ozone gas that was discharged from the silica gel was found to be different from normal ozone which is generated by the ozone generator that makes ozone with electric discharge. Ozone clusters could be synthesized by this method, which detaches ozone from silica get without requiring any additional energy. These ozone clusters didn't decompose at room temperature and atmospheric pressure over a half-day. We confirmed that the cluster was heavier than a heavy standard gas, the presence of clusters with an analysis using GC/MS, and the existence of ozone clusters by the bonding energy using a computer simulation by MOPAC.     

Ischemic and Ozone Oxidative Preconditioning in the Protection Against Hepatic Ischemic-Reperfusion Injury

It has been demonstrated that ozone, probably through a mechanism of oxidative preconditioning (OP), protected the liver against the damage mediated by reactive oxygen species. Taking into account that iscehmic preconditioning (IschP) is also a protective mechanism, a comparative study between both preconditioning settings was performed in order to study the effectiveness of both protective procedures. Rats were randomly divided into 4 groups: 1- control, sham operated (anesthesia and laparotomy plus surgical manipulation); 2- I/R (ischemia for 90?min followed by 90?min reperfusion); 3- Ischp+I/R, as group 2 but submitted to a previous ischemic preconditioning (ischemia 10?min and reperfusion 10?min); 4- OzoneOP+I/R, as group 2 but submitted to a pervious oxidative preconditioning with 15 sessions, daily, of ozone by rectal administration (dose of 1?mg/kg). The comparison between both preconditionings showed no biochemical differences for the parameters evaluated. Nevertheless, the histological study demonstrated that the protective effect produced by the OzoneOP is superior to that achieved with the IschP.     

Antibacterial Effect of Gaseous and Aqueous Ozone in Root Canals Infected by Enterococcus Faecalis

The present study evaluated the antibacterial effects of aqueous and gaseous ozone in human root canals infected with Enterococcus faecalis. Infected root canals were divided into two control groups (saline, sodium hypochlorite) and three experimental groups (manual or ultrasonic technique of aqueous and, gaseous ozone). Disinfection procedures were performed, remaining microbial colonies were counted and data were evaluated. Sodium hypochlorite showed the highest antibacterial effect on root canals infected with Enteroccous faecalis. Moreover, aqueous ozone with ultrasonic technique appear to be more influential than aqueous ozone with manual technique and gaseous ozone.     

高校新开设食品科学与工程专业课程设置探索

针对我国部分高校新开设食品科学与工程专业中专业课开设的情况及存在的问题,提出意见与建议,探索建立具有自身特色的专业课程体系。     

A Bench-Scale,Two-Phase Reactor For Ozone Treatment: Feasibility Studies For High Strength Wastes

A batch reactor was designed to study the effects of ozone on a complex industrial waste. The objective of the batch reactor was to allow a large mass of ozone to be applied to the waste without losses associated with gas sparging and assure better accuracy than expected from continuously bubbled gas systems. The reactor consisted of two parts: a 478.6 mL cylindrical section for holding effluent and a 1.078 L spherical section for the ozone/oxygen gas mixture. Ozone concentrations were measured at ambient temperature and pressure using the UV absorption method. Ozone diffusion into a reactive test solution in the static condition (during ozone charging of the spherical chamber) was limited to 0.5 mg of the 1,500 mg passed through the spherical chamber.

The batch reactor was shown to be capable of 100% ozone mass transfer during the contacting operation. The unit was shown to be a suitable device for evaluation of the effects on high ozone demand solutions.     

Research Note: Effects of Ozonated Water Spray Droplet Size and Distance on the Dissolved Ozone Concentration at the Spray Target

Dissolved ozone concentration (DOC) of ozonated water (OW) sprayed from four different distances using three different droplet sizes (expressed in terms of Sauter mean diameter; small, medium, large) was measured at the spray target to obtain fundamental data for improving disease control efficacy when spraying OW onto plants. DOC in the OW at the spray target decreased with decreasing droplet size. DOC was also greatly reduced at the typical spray distances of 0.50 to 0.75 m to less than one-seventh of the initial DOC (2.2 mg/L^?1) in the sprayer reservoir, and DOC one-third lower than the initial DOC was observed even at the shortest spray distance of 0.05 m for all three nozzle sizes used. Based on the results of these experiments, disease control efficacy by spraying OW can be improved by minimizing the spray distance and using a nozzle that produces a larger spray droplet size, within the range such that adhesion efficiency of OW to the leaf surface is not greatly reduced.     

环境科学与工程实验教学改革初探

社会对环境科学与工程人才的工程能力、创新能力,统筹规划能力和实践能力提出了更高的要求,而当下的实验教学已经不能满足不断发展的环境问题。鉴于此,文章对环境科学与工程专业实验教学的改革及实施进行了有益的探索,指出了环境科学与工程实验教学改革的必要性以及实验教学方式的优化,并进一步提出了对培养专业创新型人才的看法。     

工艺实践在资源循环科学与工程专业建设中的开展

阐述了安徽理工大学资源循环科学与工程专业开设《工艺实践》课程的必要性,探讨了课程基本要求、教学讲义、基本内容、教学方式与教学心得。强调资源再利用,达到节省资源,保护环境的教学目的。在新专业开展的过程中,具有启发性、针对性、交互式的教学方法有待开发。     

高分子材料科学与工程专业综合实验教学改革与探索

专业综合实验课的目的是培养学生的创新能力、综合应用知识分析问题、解决问题以及独立获取知识的能力。本文总结了在教学实践基础上对高分子材料专业综合实验进行的改革和探索,根据本校实际条件和毕业生去向,提出了将专业综合实验分成树脂磨具和热塑性塑料两部分的新思路,更加有利于学生的提高和发展。     

Applications of Ozone in Japan for Water and Wastewater Treatment

In Japan, ozone is used for potable water treatment, night soil and industrial wastewater treatment, and for offensive gas treatment at sewage and night soil treatment plants. This paper describes its implementation, and presents experimental findings of the combined ozone and ultraviolet radiation as a new ozone utilization technology.     

化学工程学科的导向因素

在19世纪,基于流体力学、化工热力学、化学动力学、传热物理学和高等数学等基础学科,在理论上形成了化学工程学科孕育的土壤;在产品需求、化学工业生产发展的带动下,化学工程学科真正地诞生于20世纪20年代,首先是煤化工、之后是石油化工企业的全面启动和发展,极大地促进了化学工程学科知识内容的发展和完善;在20世纪90年代、尤其是进入21世纪之后,其他自然科学越来越多地正在对化学工程学科产生渗透和重要的影响。本文力图用较小的篇幅,阐明化学工程学科的内在的或潜在的导向因素。     

Enhanced Degradation of Azoxystrobin in Grapes and Model Systems by Ozone Fumigation during Storage

This study was conducted to investigate the natural decline in the residues of the world’s most widely used fungicide, azoxystrobin, in model systems and grapes stored in cold rooms and to determine if ozone fumigation during storage has a contribution to the degradation process. The level of the fungicide gradually decreased both in model systems and grapes with the reduction rates of 53 ± 2 and 29 ± 1%, respectively, at the end of storage. Addition of ozone (1.0 ppm) to the storage atmosphere was found to have a significant influence on fungicide degradation both in model systems and grapes and about 90% reduction rates were recorded. This is the first report demonstrating the accelerated degradation of azoxystrobin by the use of ozone gas treatment.     

《材料科学基础（双语）》课程 CDIO 教学模式的研究

根据《材料科学基础（双语）》课程在教学中出现的畏惧语言心理、理论抽象难以理解、不理解实验内涵、理论与实践脱节等问题,提出采用CDIO教学模式对其进行教学改革。在教学过程中,通过克服“畏惧语言”的心理、增强理论分析能力、增强实验内涵的理解以及理论联系实际等教学改革,使得学生对具体理论知识点有了深刻的认识,提高学生的英语水平,充分发挥了学生学习的自主性和能动性,取得了较好的教学效果。