Waschverfahren partikulär‐disperser Systeme – Verfahrensspektrum und Aspekte der Verfahrensauswahl

Washing of Disperse Solid Systems – Existing Washing Processes and Guidelines for Choosing the Appropriate Washing Procedure Washing of disperse solid systems is a widely used and complex operation. Since the washing‐step is mostly integrated into other process operations, it is subject to numerous demands, which exceed the primary demands like a good separation result and a low specific wash liquid demand. Because of the phenomenology and limits of different washing procedures it is difficult to choose an appropriate washing process. Additionally, the acting transport mechanisms of some washing procedures are not yet sufficiently understood. This work shows a broad overview over the existing washing processes, the numerous parameters and the demands they have to fulfill. A categorization of washing procedures as well as a classification of the processes concerning their macroscopic transport phenomena are the base for a broad decision chart which compares and evaluates existing washing processes and shows their individual limits. The work can be seen as a rough guideline for choosing the appropriate washing procedure.     

Betriebserfahrungen mit einer Strahlgaswaschanlage für die Abluft der Seifenspaltung

Process Experiences with a Stream Gas Washer for Soap Splitting Procedure and process data for a stream gas washer with superposed cocondenser for cooling and desodorization of vapours from soap splitting are reported. The plant treats vapours from splitting of about 250 m³ soap solution a day (soapstock of palm oil, coconut oil, liquid oils and hardened fats). The exhaust air, treated with water and oxidation chemicals is nearly free of acids and odourless purified.     

Betriebserfahrungen mit den unverseifbaren Bestandteilen des Rohtallöls in einer Linder-Tallölaufbereitungsanlage

Practical Experiences with the Unsaponifiable Constituents of Crude Talloil in a Linder Tall Oil Processing Plant The presented work studies the behavior of the unsaponifiable matter from crude talloil during the fractionation in a “Linder-Talloil-Fractionation plant” by means of qualitative gaschromatography. The purpose of this examination was to understand the interrelation between crude talloil quality, plant adjustment, and yields and quality of the finished products. The application of the conclusions from this examination in practice enables an optimal run of the plant and a prediction of the behavior of different crude talloil qualities during fractionation in a “Linder-Plant”.     

Bestimmung reduzierender Substanzen in Glycerin mit Hilfe einer Transmissionsmessung

Determination of Reducing Compounds in Glycerol by Transmittance Determination The investigation of pure glycerol contain a determination of reducing compounds. A range of different methods for the determination of the limiting value exists, which are described in national and international standards and pharmacopeias. A colouring and/or turbidity, possibly occurring after reaction with corresponding reagents, is judged visually. The subjectivity of the evaluation and the variety of procedures are disadvantageous. A method has been developed which permits as well objective measuring (light transmittance) as application as an universal test. The measuring result of this test can be correlated with the result of the analysis of any standard method. Thus application of several methods for determination is still no longer necessary. Besides the possibility to carry out a graduation of glycerol quality, important criteria of standard methods, as for example reproducibility, sensitivity etc. can reliably be investigated by means of determination of transmittance.