PP/COPET/ZnO三元共混物的结构与性能研究

以氧化锌(ZnO)为抗菌剂、水溶性聚酯(COPET)为成孔剂,通过共混纺丝和碱处理,制备了具有多孔结构的、具有吸湿和抗菌功能的聚丙烯(PP)纤维。研究发现,PP/COPET/ZnO三元共混物的密度和结晶度随COPET含量增加而增大;COPET质量分数为9%的共混物的结晶特性略优于3%的;COPET质量分数为6%时纤维的保水率最大;共混纤维对大肠杆菌、枯草杆菌、八叠球菌均有抗菌敏感性。     

COPET/PET海岛复合纤维的碱减量处理及其对纤维结构的影响

采用1％的NaOH溶液,在100℃条件下,对COPET/PET海岛复合纤维进行碱处理,考察了碱处理时间对碱减率和纤维开纤情况的影响,发现随碱处理时间延长,纤维碱减率增大,开纤效果好。综合纤维的碱减率和开纤情况认为,在给定条件下,40分钟的碱处理条件较优。     

PP/EVA/COPET共混物流变性能的研究

采用CFT-500型毛细管流变仪研究了聚丙烯/乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯/碱溶性聚酯(PP/EVA/COPET)共混物的流变性能。结果表明:PP/EVA/COPET共混物出现剪切变稀现象,非牛顿指数小于1,熔体为假塑性流体;熔体表观粘度随EVA含量的增加呈现先减小后增大趋势,并随温度的上升而下降;EVA质量分数为15%的共混物的表观粘度最低,粘流活化能最小。     

三叶异形聚酯共混纤维的碱水解性能

将PET与易水解聚酯(EHDPET)质量比80：20的三叶异形共混纤维进行碱(NaOH)水解处理,探讨了NaOH浓度、渗透剂浓度、水解时间等影响因素。结果表明：渗透剂浓度对共混纤维碱减量率的影响最大,其次分别是NaOH浓度、水解时间、处理温度。其中渗透剂浓度约0．05g/L较好,最大碱减量率应控制小于25%。电子显微镜照片表明随着碱减量率增加共混纤维表面微沟槽逐渐加深,三叶逐渐破裂分离。     

TiO_2/ZnO超细粉体共混改性PET的流变性能

将改性的二氧化钛/氧化锌(TiO2/ZnO)超细复合粉体应用于聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)的共混改性,研究了改性PET的流变性能及其纤维的力学性能。结果表明:改性PET共混物为非牛顿假塑性流体,其表观粘度随剪切速率的增大而减小;随着超细粉体含量增大,改性PET共混物非牛顿流动指数下降,熔体粘度对温度的敏感性增大,流变性能改善;当超细粉体质量分数为5%时,改性PET共混物粘流活化能可达81.5 kJ/mol;随着超细复合粉体添加量增大,改性PET纤维断裂强度下降。     

PP／EVA／COPET共混纤维醇碱处理研究

将聚丙烯（PP）、乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯共聚物（EVA）和可溶性共聚酯（COPET）按一定比例共混制得PP／EVA／COPET共混纤维。采用正交实验法研究了醇碱处理备件及共混纤维组成对减量率的影响,考察了处理前后纤维的结构。结果表明,处理温度时减量率的影响较大。在浴比为1：40、季铵盐浓度为1g·L-1的条件下,最佳醇解处理工艺条件为：碱浓度20g·L-1、时间40min、温度55℃;纤维的减量率可达到1．471％。达到碱水解平衡时,纤维表面产生微孔和沟槽.     

PA6/EHDPET共混纤维的碱水解行为

将PA6和易水解聚酯 (EHDPET)以适当比例混合 ,可制得以EHDPET为分散相的共混纤维。研究了碱处理条件及共混纤维的超分子结构对碱减量率及水解后纤维形态结构的影响 ,结果表明 :碱浓度对碱减量率的影响较大 ,渗透剂浓度对碱减量率的影响不大 ;随碱处理时间的延长 ,碱减量率增大 ,依碱浓度的不同 ,在 1～ 2h达到碱水解平衡 ,纤维表面呈现不同程度的沟槽形态 ;共混纤维的超分子结构对碱减量率及碱处理后纤维形态结构影响较大。     

PET/碳纳米管共混物的研究进展

综述了聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)/碳纳米管(CNTs)的共混物的制备和性能。官能化CNTs比未官能化CNTs在PET母体中的分散性得到改善;PET/未官能化CNTs共混物和PET/官能化CNTs共混物相比PET,熔融结晶温度均增高,具有更高的结晶度;PET/未官能化CNTs共混物的熔点变化不大,而PET/官能化CNTs共混物的熔点的变化取决于官能化CNTs中引入官能团的化学结构;PET/未官能化CNTs共混物和PET/官能化CNTs共混物的熔体黏度均比PET有所提高,切力变稀行为比PET也有所增强;PET/未官能化CNTs共混物和PET/官能化CNTs共混物的热稳定性、导电性能及机械性能均得到改善。     

PET/EHDPET异形共混纤维非织造布的吸排水性能

研究了不同碱减量率的聚酯/水溶性聚酯(PET/EHDPET)异形共混纤维非织造布的吸排水性能,探讨了碱减量率和温度等因素对非织造布吸排水速率的影响。结果表明,PET/EHDPET异形共混纤维非织造布随着碱减量率的增大吸排水性能提高;随着温度的升高,排水速率增大。     

高阻隔耐热PET/PEN饮料瓶的研制

用双螺杆挤出机研究了熔融挤出工艺、原料的选择及配比对聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯(PET)/聚对萘二甲酸乙二酯(PEN)共混物耐热性和阻隔性的影响,并利用差示扫描量热仪、核磁共振仪进行了性能表征。结果表明,PET与PET-PEN共聚酯容易熔融共混,即在无定形态相容;随挤出时间和温度的增加,PET/PEN共混物的冷结晶温度升高、熔点降低、阻隔性降低而玻璃化转变温度不变;随PET-PEN含量的增加,共混物的阻隔性和耐热性得到改善。用注-拉-吹工艺成型可得到PET/PEN共混物饮料瓶,其耐热性和对氧气的阻隔性比纯PET瓶高,且随PET-PEN含量的增加而提高。     

舒适性聚酯纤维研究Ⅰ.添加剂含量对共混纤维碱水解性能的影响

将含有间苯二甲酸双羟乙酯 5 磺酸钠(SIPE)成分的添加剂与聚酯共混纺丝形成系列共混聚酯纤维,其碱水解行为有别于传统的聚酯纤维:在一定温度下,它的碱减量率与时间之间呈现较好的线性关系,并且取决于初始碱浓度。由于结构因素上的原因,碱减量的程度随添加剂添加数量的增加而增大,而且这种影响随处理条件如处理时间、碱浓度以及处理温度等的提高而加剧。在一定数量的添加剂(<50%)下,添加剂组分与聚酯组分间能较好地相容并成微纤状形式分散于聚酯纤维中,这种分散形式对纤维的碱处理性能有较大的影响。从碱处理后的SEM照片可以看到许多微细狭长的缝隙,它们的形成将有助于水分的快速散发。     

PET/Elvaloy4170共混材料的研究

通过力学性能测试和扫描电子显微镜(SEM)侧试,表征了聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)/Elvaloy4170共混材料的力学性能和结构形态.研究了PET/Elvaloy4170共混材料的流变特性、动态黏弹性和加工性能.结果表明,当EI-valoy4170用量在20份时,共混材料和纯PET相比,冲击强度提高,拉伸强度和弯曲强度下降,熔体流动速率(MFR)降低,同时加工性能得到改善.     

Analysis of physical properties of PET/CD‐PET polyblend hollow fiber and its kinetics of alkaline hydrolysis

Cationic dyeable poly(ethylene terephthalate) (CD‐PET) was formed by copolymerizing dimethylterephthalate (DMT),5‐sodium sulfonate dimethyl isophthalate (SIPM) with a molar ratio of 2% and ethylene glycol (EG). Blends of regular poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) and CD‐PET were spun into hollow fibers. The fibers were then treated with aqueous NaOH. This study investigated the physical properties of PET/CD‐PET polyblend hollow fibers and their kinetic behavior of alkaline hydrolysis using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), wide‐angle X‐ray diffraction (WAXD), the density gradient method, a gel permeation chromatograph (GPC), a rheometer, and regression analysis of the statistical method. For the alkaline hydrolysis kinetics equation of PET, CD‐PET, and PET/CD‐PET polyblend materials: ? dW/dt = KC^αA^β, β values of chip and POY/ FOY hollow fibers are equal to 1. Moreover, R² of the kinetics equation of chip/POY/FOY for a from 1.09–1.35/1.08–1.32/1.06–1.29 were better than those of a = 1. Experimental results indicate that the rate constant of alkaline hydrolysis was CD‐PET hollow fiber > PET/CD‐PET polyblend hollow fibers > PET hollow fiber and FOY > POY > > Chip. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 86: 3601–3610, 2002     

PP/PET共混体系及其合金纤维的研究

用增容剂PP-g-AA增容PP/PET共混体系。研究了增容剂含量、共混物组成、共混时间、共混温度以及螺杆转速对PP/PET相形态的影响。结果表明:增容剂的加入大大改善了PP/PET两相间的相容性,并且增容剂的添加量有一最佳值,为PET质量的50%。随着PET含量的增加,分散相的尺寸有所增加。共混温度和共混时间均有一最佳值。随着螺杆转速的提高,分散相的尺寸减小,分布趋于均一,相容性也得到改善。另外,还制备了PP/PET合金纤维,对其表面处理后以及断面SEM观察均表明分散相PET原位成纤,这些微纤提高了合金纤维的力学性能。测试了合金纤维的力学性能,发现组分比为90/10/5时,合金纤维具有最好的力学性能。     

Rheological behavior of polyester blend and mechanical properties of the polypropylene–polyester blend fibers

The article deals with method of preparation, rheological properties, phase structure, and morphology of binary blend of poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET)/poly(butylene terephthalate) (PBT) and ternary blends of polypropylene (PP)/(PET/PBT). The ternary blend of PET/PBT (PES) containing 30 wt % of PP is used as a final polymer additive (FPA) for blending with PP and subsequent spinning. In addition commercial montane (polyester) wax Licowax E (LiE) was used as a compatibilizer for spinning process enhancement. The PP/PES blend fibers containing 8 wt % of polyester as dispersed phase were prepared in a two‐step procedure: preparation of FPA using laboratory twin‐screw extruder and spinning of the PP/PES blend fibers after blending PP and FPA, using a laboratory spinning equipment. DSC analysis was used for investigation of the phase structure of the PES components and selected blends. Finally, the mechanical properties of the blend fibers were analyzed. It has been found that viscosity of the PET/PBT blends is strongly influenced by the presence of the major component. In addition, the major component suppresses crystallinity of the minor component phase up to a concentration of 30 wt %. PBT as major component in dispersed PES phase increases viscosity of the PET/PBT blend melts and increases the tensile strength of the PP/PES blend fibers. The impact of the compatibilizer on the uniformity of phase dispersion of PP/PES blend fibers was demonstrated. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 102: 4222–4227, 2006     

Effect of pretreatment conditions on the hydrolysis and water absorption behavior of poly(ethylene terephthalate) fibrous assembly

Poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) fibers are very hydrophobic and are therefore treated by alkaline hydrolysis to reduce their hydrophobicity, which not only reduces their weight but also enhances their softness, flexibility and drapability. In addition, if alcohol is used as a pretreatment agent, the form of the fibers can be changed and more benefits can be obtained from the subsequent alkaline hydrolysis treatment. Therefore various alcohols were used as pretreatment agents and their effect was investigated. Treatment with 1‐decanol leads to more weight loss of the PET fibers than treatment with the other alcohols investigated. Treatment with sodium hydroxide leads to weight loss in PET fabrics because terephthalic acid and ethylene glycol are separated by the hydrolysis of the ester group in the PET chains. Weight loss increases with increasing hydrolysis time and the reaction does not immediately reach equilibrium. The microvoids of the PET surface hold water molecules. The surface morphology of PET shows that the pretreatment reagent attacks almost the entire surface of a fiber, causing surface etching. As the surface etching progresses, it propagates inside the fiber, resulting in the formation of elongated cavities on the surface. Copyright © 2011 Society of Chemical Industry     

高粘度PET/PPS共混物的力学及流变性能研究

通过在高粘度聚酯(PET)中加入聚苯硫醚(PPS),经熔融共混挤出制备PET/PPS共混物,研究了PPS对PET力学性能和流变性能的影响。结果表明,适量PPS可提高PET的拉伸强度和弯曲强度,而缺口冲击强度略有下降;共混物的流变行为符合假塑性流体的流动规律,随着PPS含量的增加,共混物的非牛顿指数先增大后减小;共混物的粘流活化能随着PPS含量的增加而降低。当PPS质量分数为5%时,共混物的综合性能最佳,且具有良好的成型加工性能。     

Rheological and thermal properties of blends of modified poly(ethylene terephthalate) with p‐acetoxybenzoic acid and poly(butylene terephthalate)

Blending of thermotropic liquid crystalline polyesters (LCPs) with conventional polymers could result in materials that can be used as an alternative for short fiber‐reinforced thermoplastic composites, because of their low melt viscosity as well as their inherent high stiffness and strength, high use temperature, and excellent chemical resistance and low coefficient of expansion. In most of the blends was used LCP of 40 mol % of poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) and 60 mol % of p‐acetoxybenzoic acid (PABA). In this work, blends of several copolyesters having various PABA compositions from 10 to 70 mol % and poly(butylene terephthalate) (PBT) were prepared and their rheological and thermal properties were investigated. For convenience, the copolyesters were designated as PETA‐x, where x is the mol % of PABA. It was found that PET‐60 and PET‐70 copolyesters decreased the melt viscosity of PBT in the blends and those PBT/PETA‐60 and PBT/PETA‐70 blends showed different melt viscosity behaviors with the change in shear rate, while blends of PBT and PET‐x having less than 50 mol % of PABA exhibited totally different rheological behaviors. The blends of PBT with PETA‐50, PETA‐60, and PETA‐70 showed the morphology of multiple layers of fibers. © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 74: 1797–1806, 1999     

Kinetics of alkaline hydrolysis and morphologies of novel poly(ethylene terephthalate) micro‐porous hollow fibers and functional characteristics of fabrics

This investigation explores the kinetics of the alkaline hydrolysis of regular poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) solid fibers and PET micro‐porous hollow fibers, using statistical regression analysis. Statistical regression analysis results concerning the kinetics of the alkaline hydrolysis of regular PET solid fibers and PET micro‐porous hollow fibers yielded a β value of 1. The R² of the kinetic equation for α values from 1.07 to 1.16 exceeded that for α = 1. The rate constants of alkaline hydrolysis followed the order PET micro‐porous hollow fibers ? regular PET solid fibers. A morphology of large pores of diameter 0.1–3.5 μm was observed following alkali treatment of the PET micro‐porous hollow fibers. The weight loss percentage of the hollow fibers was around 20%. The hollowness of the PET micro‐porous hollow fibers after alkali treatment was between 30 and 32%. The PET micro‐porous hollow fibers exhibited simultaneous water‐absorption/release and keep‐warm functions. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2009