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脉冲涡流技术是一种可以对飞机多层结构中缺陷实施有效检测的方法。交变磁场测量技术是一种精确测量表面裂纹的非接触式无损检测方法。提出了脉冲涡流磁场测量(PECFM)技术,并对其进行了理论分析。在设计了相应传感器的基础上,对多层铝板结构中的缺陷进行了检测实验,实验结果与理论分析相一致。实验证明PECFM技术可以有效地实现多层结构中缺陷的识别与定量检测。可以预见,PECFM技术将会在无损检测领域中发挥很大的作用。 相似文献
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脉冲涡流是一种可以对飞机多层铆接结构中缺陷进行有效检测的无损检测技术。本文通过研究低频涡流与脉冲涡流检测技术,设计和实现了圆柱形差分检测传感器,对铆钉周围出现的缺陷进行了检测。通过轴向扫描时获得的峰值曲线对缺陷的轴向宽度进行了定量检测。通过缺陷的瞬态感应电压信号,利用峰值、过零时间等特征量对缺陷造成的不连续性和损耗程度进行了检测分析。试验结果证明文中设计的圆柱形差分传感器可以对多层铆接结构中的缺陷进行有效检测,低频脉冲技术在飞机铆接结构缺陷的检测中具有很好的使用前景。 相似文献
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The field of non-destructive inspection (NDI) is an integral part of aircraft maintenance and service. It is optimal to apply the eddy current (EC) method on the complex multi-layered metal aircraft structure to detect cracks and other damage. A range of standard eddy current probes giving satisfactory results with respect to crack detection are available. However, these EC probes are not always suitable for the detection of short fatigue cracks hidden under a rivet head. This article presents a new methodology for eddy current inspection of a critical area on the wing. The development of the new methodology was inspired by a catastrophic glider accident in 2010. Because of this accident, all glider service was prohibited. The critical area is located in the structure of the wing spar, which consists of six layers. The position of the critical area is hidden under the countersunk rivet head in the third layer of the spar flange and under two layers of metal sheets. Thus, the actual location of the area is in the fourth layer, created by the countersunk rivet head. In addition, another rivet of a smaller diameter is inserted into the rivet in the flange. This article presents the work related to the development of a special EC probe that is able to measure in an operating frequency range between 200 Hz and 100 kHz with a single-value interpretation of the individual EC signals. 相似文献
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Conventional eddy current techniques are widely used for detection of surface-breaking cracks in metal structures. These techniques have limited success in the detection of deep, nonsurface-breaking flaws that require low frequency eddy currents, for which inductive pick-up probes have drastically reduced sensitivity. High resolution, Superconducting QUantum Interference Device (SQUID) magnetometers, which are very sensitive to do or low frequency magnetic fields, have been developed for detection of subsurface flaws. We have now extended SQUID NDE by utilizing a sheet inducer to produce an extended eddy current parallel to the surface in a conducting plate. The magnitude of the induced current density inside the plate reduces with the depth; however, the current component at a certain phase angle may increase with the depth. At a particular phase angle, the current density on the surface becomes zero, while the current inside the plate is large, so that the magnetic signal at that phase angle due to the surface structures can be minimized. With this method, we have detected simulated cracks in the sides of plugged holes in a thick plate, a hidden corrosion area in a specimen which consisted of two painted aluminum plates joined with sealant, as well as crack defects adjacent to fasteners in the second layer of lap joined aluminum plates. We present a theoretical model for simulation of the phase-related magnetic signal due to a flaw, which shows the relation between the phase angle and the depth of the flaw. The theoretical phase analysis is compared with the experimental results. 相似文献
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Fatigue cracks are prone to develop around fasteners found in multilayer aluminum structures on aging aircraft. Probability of detection (POD) studies using eddy current techniques within the bolt holes contribute to risk assessments used in evaluating the serviceability of these aircraft. Signal response to corner and mid-bore cracks by eddy current testing using standard split-D differential probes has been examined for in-service material from the horizontal stabilizer of a Hercules aircraft. Results are compared to data obtained from laboratory samples with drilled holes. Based on a logistic regression analysis, the results show no significant difference for a90/95 (90% of the cracks of size a will be detected 95% of the time) for mid-bore crack length of 0.60 mm in this study compared to 0.62 mm in earlier work on drilled holes. However, there was a substantial loss of sensitivity for corner cracks. In this study on in-service material, the a90/95 for corner cracks was 0.82 mm compared to 0.31 mm obtained from drilled holes. Decrease in sensitivity was attributed to damage at the hole’s corners of the in-service material, including rounding, folded metal, and burrs. Hole damage also significantly increased the risk of a false call. 相似文献
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Zhiyang Deng Yanhua Sun Yihua Kang Kai Song Rongbiao Wang 《Journal of Nondestructive Evaluation》2017,36(4):68
It is difficult for traditional magnetic flux leakage (MFL) methods to detect inner surface cracks of thick-walled steel pipe or plate due to magnetic shielding of the wall and strong magnetic background noise, and for eddy current testing (ECT) as well due to its skin effect. On the basis of the nonlinear magnetic permeability of ferromagnetic materials, a new non-destructive testing method (NDT) permeability-measuring magnetic flux leakage (P-MFL) is proposed, in which the magnetization is perpendicular to the inner surface crack, and the surface layer permeability distortion caused by magnetic field distortion is measured by differential pick-up coils. Afterwards, its detection mechanism is presented and analyzed, and its feasibility is verified by simulations and experiments. Finally, some application cases for steel pipe are also realized effectively. Meanwhile, its testing characteristics for cracks are given and effects of crack size, specimen thickness, scanning paths to testing signal amplitude are briefly analyzed. Finally, the proposed P-MFL method compared to traditional MFL method is discussed in detail. 相似文献
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电磁超声检测和涡流检测因其非接触、检测速度快、对试件表面要求低等优点而被广泛应用于金属材料的缺陷检测中,但电磁超声检测存在近表面的检测盲区,涡流检测对内部深层缺陷灵敏度不高。基于电磁超声和涡流的复合检测方法,设计了能同时满足电磁超声检测和涡流检测的复合式探头,建立了电磁超声和涡流复合检测有限元模型,并对金属试件中不同类型的缺陷进行了检测实验。仿真和实验结果表明,该复合探头不仅能快速检测表面裂纹,而且可激发出具有明显指向性的纵波,一定程度上削弱了波形转换产生的干扰波,可实现对内部缺陷的准确定位、识别,为电磁超声和涡流复合式检测技术在板材的复杂缺陷检测中的应用提供了基础。 相似文献
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Duck-Gun Park C. Sekar Angani B. P. C. Rao Gabor Vértesy Duk-Hyun Lee Kyung-Ho Kim 《Journal of Nondestructive Evaluation》2013,32(4):350-353
The nondestructive method to detect subsurface defects is limited because conventional eddy current are concentrated near to the surfaces adjacent to the excitation coil. The PEC technique enables detection of cracks buried deeper under the surface with relatively small current density. In the present study, an attempt has been made to investigate detection of subsurface cracks using a specially designed double-D differential probe. The tested sample is a SS304 with a thickness of 5 mm; small EDM notches were machined in the test sample at different depths from the surface to simulate the sub surface cracks in a pipe. The designed PEC probe has two excitation coils and two detecting Hall-sensors. The difference between two sensors is the resultant PEC signal. The cracks under the surface were detected using peak amplitude of the detected pulse; in addition, for a clear understanding of the crack depth, the Fourier transform is applied. In time domain, the peak amplitude of the detected pulse is decreased, and in the frequency domain, the magnitude of the lower frequency component has been increased with an increase in the crack depth. The experimental results have indicated that the proposed differential probe has the potential to detect the sub surface cracks in a stainless steel structure. 相似文献
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Fatigue cracks are prone to develop around fasteners found in multi-layer aluminum structures on ageing aircraft such as the
CC-130 Hercules and CP-140 Aurora (P-3 Orion). Probability of Detection (POD) studies using eddy current techniques within
the bolt holes contribute to risk assessments used in evaluating the serviceability of these aircraft. Improving POD by optimizing
the inspection system can reduce the required frequency of inspections, since assurance of detection of smaller crack sizes
extends the interval for which growth of cracks to a critical size may occur. In this work signal analysis and POD of laboratory
grown fatigue cracks in the corners of bolt holes of 7075-T6 aluminum is examined. A number of parameters that enhance crack
detection are identified, including the use of intimate contact probes versus steel sheath (non-contact), higher frequencies
and the use of C-Scan display. Results demonstrate better detectability at 1600 kHz, than at the normally used 400 kHz, and
enhanced recognition and assurance of identification of peak crack signal for data recorded and displayed in a C-Scan format.
Results are compared with a previous POD study, which used current field techniques for detection. 相似文献