基于天线分集的一种超宽带Rake接收机结构

提出了一种新的跳时超宽带无线通信系统的接收机结构,这种接收机将天线分集和Rake接收相结合, 从而提高了系统对多用户干扰和多径衰落的抑制能力。理论分析和仿真结果表明,这种接收机的性能优于常规的Rake接收机。     

多径超宽带接收机的研究和仿真

对多径IR-UWB信号的Rake接收技术原理和结构进行了详细分析。在此基础上仿真了不同Rake接收机的性能,包括部分Rake和选择性Rake,以及具有不同叉指的Rake接收机的性能。仿真结果表明在具有相同叉指条件下,选择性Rake接收机比部分Rake接收机的性能高出3dB。而在相同接收原理下,叉指越多,接收机的性能越好。而2路选择性Rake接收机和5路部分Rake接收机在较低信噪比的情况下,性能并无很大差别。     

迭代迫零多用户检测算法研究与应用

最优的最大似然多用户接收机的复杂度随用户数成指数增长,传统的Rake接收机干扰受限且存在远近效应。次优的线性多用户检测是性能和复杂度的折衷,其中,迫零联合检测多用户接收机属于一种线性解相关接收机,虽然避免了对数据符号矢量的穷举搜索,大大减少了计算量,但是由于其基本运算中包含了随机矩阵的求逆运算,而矩阵求逆运算对于硬件定点实现的舍入误差非常敏感,有时会产生很大的误差甚至无解。考察比较了迫零检测接收机的四种迭代算法。对其复杂度进行了分析和仿真,结果表明Gauss-Siedel是一种收敛速度较快,时间复杂度较低的迭代算法。     

长码CDMA系统上行链路多用户接收机设计

提出一种适用于长码CDMA移动通信系统上行链路的多用户接收机设计方案，包括多用户信道估计、多用户检测以及信道跟踪等算法。通过把用户传播时延的影响放入信道响应矩阵中，由信道估计间接得出各用户的传播时延。使用迭代运算的方式使得运算量分散，降低了对硬件平台的要求，使算法更为适用。增大观察窗的长度达到了更准确的用户信息比特判决，提高了接收机的性能。仿真结果表明文章提出的接收机设计方案具有很好的远近效应抑制能力，性能远高于传统的单用户Rake接收机。     

Rake接收机多径搜索的设计与实现

Rake接收技术是抗多径的有效手段之一。主要分析了Rake接收机的基本原理,并讨论了在移动性较强的接收机中实现Rake接收的方案。最终完成了VHDL电路的设计及FPGA实现。着重讨论了RAKE接收中多径搜索器的FPGA实现。     

一种改进的基于二维扩频的WCDMA非Rake接收机

针对WCDMA发射的扩频信号,不同于传统的Rake接收算法,本文采用变换域处理技术,提出了一种充分利用多径能量的二维扩频接收技术。分析了这种充分利用多径能量的二维扩频接收机的算法复杂度。通过计算机仿真,比较了传统的Rake接收算法、充分利用多径能量的二维扩频接收算法的误码率性能。结果表明,在Rake接收机难以精确分辨信道中的每条多径的情况下,使用充分利用多径能量的二维扩频接收机具有更好的误码率性能。     

CDMA系统中的2-D Rake接收技术

给出了DS-CDMA(直接序列扩频-码分多址)系统中的接收信号模型,在对时域处理和传统Rake接收机分析的基础上,阐述了智能天线和Rake接收机相结合的2-D Rake接收机的概念和原理,并对两种接收机的输出信噪比进行了比较,结果表明在CDMA系统中采用时空信号综合处理的2-D Rake接收机容量和性能将有大幅提高.     

CDMA2000下行接收技术研究--一种改进的带自适应存储的RLS算法

在下行链路中,接收机必须克服多径衰落等信道环境的负面影响,同时收端只想解调所期望用户的信号,抑制由其他用户引起的干扰,此外接收机也需要较低的运算量.本文对Rake接收和两种次优线性多用户检测（DD和MMSE）算法进行了研究和性能比较.在综合考虑了各种接收算法优缺点的基础上提出了一种改进的带自适应存储的RLS多用户接收算法,并对这种算法做了分析和性能仿真.仿真结果表明在相同指标和减少运算量的情况下,该算法可以得到比次优MMSE算法近2 dB左右的增益,系统的性能得到了提高.     

一种根据扰码特性来提高多径搜索性能的算法

在CDMA系统中，为了对抗多径衰落，使用Rake接收机对接收信号进行处理。在发射端，通过扰码对信号进行加扰处理。Rake接收机对接收的信号进行解扰，相干积分处理，根据功率时堑函数PDP值来计算多径的相位信息。在信噪比比较差的情况下，搜索出来的多径可能是噪声径，这对Rake接收机解调的性能有一定的影响。介绍一种根据扰码自相关特性，来判断搜索出多径是否为噪声径的方法，提高Rake接收机的性能。     

扩频通信系统中Rake接收性能仿真研究

在扩频通信中,Rake接收是抵抗多径衰落的有效方法。本文首先介绍无线移动通信的信道特性,然后对Rake接收的基本原理和接收机结构进行详细描述,并对Rake接收性能进行了仿真比较。仿真结果表明,在多径信道条件下,Rake接收方式能很好的改善接收系统误码性能;采用GOLD序列扩频比m序列扩频方式时,Rake接收方法性能提高的更明显。     

Blind adaptive decorrelating detector for DS-CDMA systems:auxiliary-vector detector

A blind adaptive decorrelating detector is proposed which consists of two vectors: one is the pre-assigned spreading code of the desired user and the other is orthogonal to it. The orthogonal vector is adjusted adaptively to minimise the multiple access interference (MAI). This blind adaptive detector requires no more knowledge than does the conventional single-user receiver. Simulation results show that the obtained performance is close to that of the decorrelator     

Symbol-by-symbol based adaptive interference canceller forasynchronous DS/CDMA systems in multipath fading channels

The authors propose a new interference cancellation scheme called the symbol-by-symbol based adaptive interference canceller (SAIC), which adaptively estimates and removes both multiple access interference (MAI) and intersymbol interference (ISI) at the output of the Rake receiver. The SAIC is considerably simpler to implement than existing techniques; computer simulation results demonstrate that it can perform much better than conventional Rake receivers     

A Decision Aided CDMA Receiver with Partially Adaptive Decorrelating Multi-User Interference Cancellation

A CDMA receiver with enhanced multiple access interference (MAI) suppressionis proposed for a pilot symbols assisted system over multipath channels. Thedesign of the receiver involves the following procedure. First, blind adaptivecorrelators are constructed at different fingers based on the scheme ofgeneralized sidelobe canceller (GSC) to collect the multipath signals andsuppress MAI. A low-complexity partially adaptive (PA) realization of the GSCcorrelators is proposed which incorporates multi-user information for reducedrank processing. By a judiciously designed decorrelating procedure, a new GSCstructure is obtained in which the MAI are decorrelated and suppressedindividually. The next step is then a simple coherent combining of thecorrelator outputs with pilot aided channel estimation. Finally, furtherperformance enhancement is achieved by an iterative scheme in which the signalis reconstructed and subtracted from the GSC correlators input data, leadingto faster convergence of the receiver. The proposed low-complexity PA CDMAmulti-user receiver is shown to be robust to multipath fading and channelerrors, and achieve nearly the same performance of the ideal maximum SINR andMMSE receivers by using a small number of pilot symbols.     

一种空时盲自适应RAKE接收机

多址干扰是直扩码分多址系统中的一个主要问题.多用户检测技术和阵列天线已成为解决这一问题的两种主要方法,将这两种方法结合起来的空时处理能大大提高系统的容量和性能.本文提出了一种空时盲自适应RAKE接收机.研究结果表明,该接收机具有较强的抑制多址干扰和克服"远-近"效应的能力,且能快速收敛.     

一种新的盲空时多用户检测器

多用户检测是DS-CDMA系统中的一项关键技术,而阵列天线也是一项减轻多用户干扰的方法.许多现存的多用户检测器需要知道很多系统参数,并且其自适应实现需要发送训练序列.在多径衰落信道下,这些参数是很难获得的.本文提出了一种新的基于Kalman滤波的盲空时多用户检测器(BSTKAL),这种多用户检测器不需要发送训练序列.研究结果表明,检测器具有较强的抑制多址干扰和克服"远-近"效应的能力,并且能快速收敛.     

Blind adaptive energy estimation for decorrelatingdecision-feedback CDMA multiuser detection using learning-typestochastic approximations

This paper investigates the application of linear reinforcement learning stochastic approximation to the blind adaptive energy estimation for a decorrelating decision-feedback (DDF) multiuser detector over synchronous code-division multiple-access (CDMA) radio channels in the presence of multiple-access interference (MAI) and additive Gaussian noise. The decision-feedback incorporated into the structure of a linear decorrelating detector is able to significantly improve the weaker users' performance by cancelling the MAI from the stronger users. However, the DDF receiver requires the knowledge of the received energies. In this paper, a new novel blind estimation mechanism is proposed to estimate all the users' energies using a stochastic approximation algorithm without training data. In order to increase the convergence speed of the energy estimation, a linear reinforcement learning technique is conducted to accelerate the stochastic approximation algorithms. Results show that our blind adaptation mechanism is able to accurately estimate all the users' energies even if the users of the DDF detector are not ranked properly. After performing the blind energy estimation and then reordering the users in a nonincreasing order, numerical simulations show that the DDF detector for the weakest user performs closely to the maximum likelihood detector, whose complexity grows exponentially with the number of users     

Smart UWB System Based on STC and TR Techniques for BER Performance Enhancement and Interference Rejection

In this research, a novel smart UWB system is introduced. The proposed system is based on using an adaptive maximum ratio combining (MRC) Rake receiver. The proposed adaptive Rake receiver uses Genetic algorithm (GA) to adaptively select the delays of the fingers of the Rake receiver depending on the channel impulse response. It adaptively selects the delays that will allow the Rake receiver to capture most of the energy in the multipath components with minimum complexity. This adaptive Rake receiver is referred to as a GA Rake. The adaptive GA Rake is applied to a single-input single-output and space time coding (STC) multi-input single-output UWB systems. The performance of those systems using a GA Rake is compared to their performance when using a conventional MRC-Rake receiver and showed a great enhancement in performance with less receiver complexity. Also, in this paper, the smart UWB system using STC is modified by using the time reversal (TR) pre-coding technique. The modified system is referred to as a TR smart UWB system. This modification leads to more enhancements in performance and more reduction in receiver complexity over the smart UWB system. Moreover, this paper also shows the ability a TR smart UWB system in combating interference from other UWB systems.     

P-order metric UWB receiver structures with superior performance

The generalized Gaussian probability density function is shown to better approximate the probability density function of the multiple access interference in ultra-wide bandwidth systems than the Gaussian approximation and the Laplacian density approximation. Two ultra-wide bandwidth receiver structures based on this new approximation using a p-order metric receiver decision statistic are investigated for the detection of time-hopping ultra-wide bandwidth wireless signals in multiple access interference channels. The first receiver outperforms both the conventional matched filter ultra-wide bandwidth receiver and the soft-limiting ultra-wide bandwidth receiver when only multiple access interference is present in UWB channels. The second new receiver with adaptive limiting threshold outperforms the conventional matched filter ultra-wide bandwidth receiver, the soft-limiting ultra-wide bandwidth receiver, and the adaptive threshold soft limiting ultra-wide bandwidth receiver in all multiple access interference-plus-noise environments. In multipath channels, a new Rake receiver based on the p-order metric receiver is proposed for signal detection. Mathematical analysis and numerical results show that this new Rake receiver can achieve larger signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio than the standard matched filter Rake receiver when multipath components are resolvable in UWB channels.     

A two-stage CMA-based receiver for blind joint equalization and multiuser detection in high data-rate DS-CDMA systems

The paper deals with the problem of blind mitigation of intersymbol interference (ISI) as well as multiple-access interference (MAI) in asynchronous high data-rate direct-sequence code-division multiple-access systems. A blind adaptive multiuser receiver based on the constant-modulus algorithm (CMA) is proposed, which demodulates each desired user by exploiting only the knowledge of its spreading code, without requiring estimation of the users's channels and timings. In order to overcome the CMA interference capture problem, which arises in a multiuser scenario, a two-stage adaptive receiver is adopted: In the first stage, partial MAI and ISI suppression is blindly achieved by exploiting the desired user signature structure properties; in the second stage, the residual MAI and the ISI are removed by using the CMA, and the information symbols of the desired user are reliably recovered. Theoretical analysis and simulation results show that the first stage is an effective blind adaptive strategy which allows the CMA detector in the second stage to lock on the desired-user symbol, at a particular delay. The proposed blind receiver achieves a significant performance gain in comparison with existing blind methods.     

一种低复杂性的自适应干扰消除接收机方案

本文提出一种适用于码分多址系统的低复杂度自适应干扰消除接收机。 在此接收机中，我们首先基于第i个用户的第m个比特的输出引入一组可靠度因子 ，然后根据这组可靠度因子估算出多址干扰，最后通过执行干扰消除可得到符号判决值。通过在加性高斯白噪声信道和多径衰落信道中进行仿真。结果表明，本文提出的这种接收机方案的性能优越于传统检测器和一些已经存在的干扰消除算法，同时保持有较低的算法复杂度。