WL浮选捕收剂的研制及应用

介绍了WL捕收剂的特点、微乳化生产技术及微乳液的本质、机理;在选煤厂的半工业性及工业性试验表明,WL捕收剂替代煤油作浮选药剂时,选煤效果相当,该产品售价低于煤油、轻柴油,经济及安全效益显著。     

煤油乳化提高浮选性能

煤油经乳化后作为捕收剂用于煤的浮选中，消耗量大大降低，节油率在６０％以上，而且选择性提高，浮选效果明显改善。     

提高煤泥浮选捕收剂性能的试验研究

针对煤泥浮选捕收剂分散难、选择性差、用量大等问题,利用不同化工产品及表面活性剂,将煤油制备成复合捕收剂用于煤泥浮选。分别进行了煤油、复合捕收剂的优选试验及浮选速度试验。优选试验表明:当煤油用量为900 g/t,仲辛醇用量为450 g/t时,煤油浮选效果最佳;当Fy-4复合捕收剂用量为500 g/t,仲辛醇用量为450 g/t时,精煤灰分为9.96%,精煤产率为88.72%,可燃体回收率为94.82%,在精煤灰分相近的条件下,Fy-4复合捕收剂的用量比煤油降低了44.44%,精煤产率和可燃体回收率分别提高了0.06%和0.16%。浮选速度试验表明:Fy-4复合捕收剂不仅节省了药剂用量,而且提高了煤泥浮选活性,提升了精煤浮选速度。最后探讨了无机电解质NaCl对复合捕收剂浮选效果的影响,当NaCl浓度为0.05 mol/L时,煤泥颗粒Zeta电位更趋近零电点,降低了煤泥颗粒的相对接触角,改善了煤泥浮选效果。     

含油污泥乳化液的制备及煤炭浮选性能研究

通过给含油污泥中添加助剂,采用高速分散法制备出含油污泥乳化液。测试了含油污泥乳化液的类型、平均粒径及稳定性。用含油污泥乳化液作为捕收剂进行了韩城煤的浮选研究,并与煤油作为捕收剂的浮选性能进行了对比。结果表明:含油污泥乳化液为水包油型,平均粒径为4.8μm,在室温放置90 d不分层。含油污泥乳化液作为捕收剂浮选韩城煤样的最佳条件:捕收剂质量分数9.0 kg/t,起泡剂质量分数0.3 kg/t,矿浆质量浓度100 g/L。含油污泥乳化液的浮选性能与煤油接近,但成本显著降低。     

油酸和Span80协同煤油对低阶煤的浮选强化及分子模拟计算

低阶煤表面含有较多含氧基团,可浮性差,采用传统煤油捕收剂不仅药剂消耗大,而且分选效果差。复配捕收剂可以选择性地作用于矿物表面,从而提升浮选效果。以内蒙古色连二矿选煤厂低阶煤为研究对象,考察了传统捕收剂煤油的作用效果,并在此基础上引入含氧有机药剂油酸和Span80与其复配,考察复配药剂对低阶煤浮选的强化作用,并对其作用机理进行分析。结果表明：煤油-油酸和煤油-Span80复配药剂对实验煤样浮选均有促进作用。捕收剂用量为4 000 g/t,起泡剂用量为800 g/t时,煤油-Span80复配药剂对应的精煤产率为83.17%,精煤灰分为11.78%,尾煤灰分为69.15%,可燃体回收率达到93.48%,浮选完善指标为42.18%。与煤油和煤油-油酸复配药剂相比,煤油-Span80复配药剂可显著提升尾煤灰分和可燃体回收率,达到了较为理想的分选效果。机理研究结果显示,油酸和Span80与煤油复配,可显著降低药剂在矿浆中的分散粒径,提高其与颗粒的接触概率;同时,油酸和Span80与煤作用,掩蔽了煤样表面的亲水基团,改善了煤样疏水性,使其更易在煤粒表面铺展。模拟计算发现油酸和Span80药剂的前线轨...     

辛基酚聚氧乙烯醚表面活性剂对煤泥浮选的促进作用研究

以辛基酚聚氧乙烯醚(OP)系列表面活性剂与煤油复配作为捕收剂对屯兰煤进行浮选研究,并对不同捕收剂在水中的分散度及浮选精煤的接触角进行测定。结果表明,OP与煤油复配有明显增效作用,其中OP-4与煤油的复配效果较优,相对于等量的煤油,精煤产率提高11.87个百分点,尾煤灰分提高17.85个百分点,可燃体回收率提高12.91个百分点,浮选完善度提高3.12个百分点。OP与煤油复配可提高煤油在水中的分散度,提升浮选精煤的接触角,即增强煤的疏水性,从而起到增效作用。     

ZFC型乳化浮选药剂在煤泥浮选中的应用

利用一种自主开发的新型乳化剂将柴油乳化后作为捕收剂应用在煤泥浮选中,试验结果表明,这种乳化剂是一种良好的浮选助剂,用其乳化柴油不仅稳定性好,还大大降低浮选油耗,可节省柴油高达70%。而且显著改善煤泥的浮选效果,并已在选煤厂试用。     

RP系列浮选药剂乳化工作站及其乳化技术

用ＲＰ系列浮选药剂乳化工作站对煤用捕收剂进行处理，可以大大降低捕收剂用量，提高药剂的选择性，增加浮选精煤产率，明显改善浮选效果。     

新型煤泥浮选捕收剂的制备及应用研究

为降低捕收剂成本、提高浮选性能指标,以煤制油的废料(油煤)为主要原料,收集400℃以下馏出物制成新型捕收剂,用于太原选煤厂瘦煤的浮选实验;结果表明,在矿浆浓度80 g/L,新型捕收剂用量1 500 g/t,起泡剂用量100 g/t时浮选效果最好,此时精煤产率为80.88%,灰分为7.44%;该新型捕收剂在用量大于1 500 g/t时比煤油具有较好的选择性,且加工过程简便,成本低。     

高镁磷尾矿浮选提镁试验研究

以高镁磷尾矿为研究对象,采用一段磨矿正浮选工艺对磷尾矿进行再选试验,考察了磨矿细度,抑制剂、捕收剂、煤油用量对浮选效果的影响。试验结果表明:在磨矿细度为-200目占60.85%,抑制剂硫酸用量为10kg/t、捕收剂TS用量为1200g/t、辅助捕收剂煤油用量为200g/t的条件下,MgO有较好的浮选效果,最终获得品位为21.71%,回收率为78.55%的镁精矿。     

Enhancement in hydrophobicity of low rank coal by surfactants — A critical overview

The flotation of fine (− 0.5 mm) low rank or oxidized coal is difficult to achieve with the common coal flotation collectors like kerosene, fuel oil or diesel oil (oily collector). The presence of small amounts of oxygen is enough to cause oxidation. The oxidation of coals starts with the physical adsorption of oxygen on the surface to form an oxycomplex followed by chemical adsorption of oxygen to form polar phenolic-OH, carbonyls, phenols and peroxide type oxygenated moieties by the rupture of cyclic rings. The addition of promoter, surfactant or oxygenated functional groups to the collector molecule markedly enhances the flotation of lower rank and oxidized coals due to the hydrogen bonding with the polar part of the coal surface and the reagent. The performance of these reagents is compared with that of oily collectors, namely kerosene, dodecane, nonylbenzene and polar part of the surfactant having an oxygen atom. The mode of addition of non-ionic surfactant with oily collector also has a major role in the flotation response. The addition of non-ionic surfactant after the oily collector has shown a positive effect on yield and grade.     

浮选药剂联合使用及其在煤泥浮选中的应用研究

由于药剂协同作用的存在,在将高活性的芳烃MA捕收剂和高选择性的煤油捕收剂混合使用的时候,完善指标最高可超过53,在MA含量为0.4的时候精煤产率和灰分可达为81.8%和11.85%,相对于单一使用MA或煤油在保持高产率的同时,起到了降低灰分,提高完善指标的作用。     

聚丙烯酰胺作用下的煤泥絮凝浮选

用六偏磷酸钠做分散剂,煤油做捕收剂,进行了不同聚丙烯酰胺（ＰＡＭ）用量下的煤泥絮凝浮选,并在此基础上,对不同煤油用量下,ＰＡＭ对煤泥浮选效果的影响规律进行了对比研究。ＰＡＭ可明显提高浮选速度和精度产率,并节省煤油用量,１ｇＰＡＭ相当于１００ｇ煤油。     

废弃油脂制备煤泥捕收剂的研究

通过小筛分试验和可浮性试验,说明煤泥易泥化,细泥含量高,黏附、夹带严重,导致精煤灰分偏高;煤泥属难浮煤种。采用废弃油脂制备煤泥浮选捕收剂,并进行实验室浮选试验,同时分析药剂作用机理。煤泥浮选试验表明:在精煤灰分相近的条件下,生物柴油对煤泥的捕收性要低于柴油和煤油。当柴油、煤油与生物柴油分别以质量比1∶9复合时,煤泥浮选效果较好,精煤产率分别比生物柴油提高10.52%和9.06%,浮选完善度分别提高5.32%和4.33%。GC-MS分析表明:制备的浮选捕收剂中含有不饱和结构—C=C—、含氧官能团O||—C—和疏水性较强的长链烷烃。生物柴油与非极性烃类油组合用作捕收剂时,主要存在共吸附和促进吸附两种吸附机理,提高了煤泥可浮性,促进药剂在煤浆中分散,增大药剂与煤粒表面的接触概率,降低药耗。     

新型煤泥浮选促进剂的制备及作用机理

介绍了棉籽油制备煤泥浮选促进剂的工艺,并进行浮选试验研究和机理分析。煤泥浮选试验表明：煤（柴）油中添加一定的促进剂可显著提高浮选精煤产率或大幅度降低捕收剂用量。FT-IR分析表明：棉籽油促进剂中含有极性较强的含氧官能团（如C=O,—C—O—C—,—OH）,有利于促进煤（柴）油在煤浆中更好地分散,增强煤粒与药剂的碰撞接触机会;同时还含有疏水性较强的长链烷烃和芳香结构官能团,有利于促进药剂在煤粒表面的吸附,提高煤粒表面疏水性。     

Performance of classic oils and lubricating oils in froth flotation of Ukraine coal

In this study, the appropriate collector and collector amount for Ukraine coal in froth flotation was determined. For this purpose, the performance of classic oils (kerosene, diesel-oil and fuel-oil) and lubricating oils (spindle oil, bright stock and heavy neutral) was evaluated by combustible recovery, ash rejection and efficiency index. It was found that the combustible recovery and ash rejection changed, depending on the type and concentration of oil. The maximum combustible recovery was obtained by using bright stock. It was determined that bright stock, fuel-oil and kerosene were suitable for the flotation of Ukraine coal. On considering the flotation efficiency index values, the best results were obtained with bright stock and diesel-oil. Consequently, it was shown that bright stock and spindle oil could be used as alternative oils instead of classic oils for cleaning of Ukraine coal by the froth flotation.     

Beneficiation of fine coal by using the free jet flotation system

The free jet flotation system was developed at the Berlin Technical University in 1985. This system was able to treat ultrafine particles of about −53 μm. In the present study, the fine size fraction of the coal (−0.5 mm) containing 45% ash taken from the Zonguldak Central Washery Plant (ZCWP) of Turkish Hard Coal was beneficiated by using the free jet flotation system. In the flotation tests, the best results were obtained in the case of using a mixture of 90% kerosene and 10% iso-octanol in the amount of 400 g/ton as a collector. Also, the optimum system parameters of a 30 l free jet type flotation (FJFT) cell used in this study were determined from the results of systematic tests. In the optimum free jet flotation conditions, the floating coal containing 18.73% ash with a combustible recovery of 72.4% was obtained.     

西庞选煤厂优化浮选药剂制度的研究

通过煤样筛分试验和煤样浮沉试验,提出了浮选过程中不同粒度、不同密度级煤样的性质及对应的浮选药剂性能要求。在此基础上进行了"煤油+杂醇"和"煤油+复合药剂"的浮选寻优试验、分步释放试验及最优浮选效果的对比,最终确定了西庞选煤厂煤样实验室最佳药剂制度为:"煤油+复合药剂"配合使用,煤油用量为2.1 kg/t,煤油与复合药剂质量比为5∶1。最后进行了"煤油+杂醇"和"煤油+复合药剂"的工业应用试验,结果表明:在保证精煤灰分的条件下,与"煤油+杂醇"相比,"煤油+复合药剂"的药剂用量明显降低,精煤产率、尾煤灰分和浮选完善指标明显增加,平均增加了22.80%、18.21%和9.58%。     

Beneficiation of Coal Fines by Aggregative Flotation

The effect of various operating parameters on the performance of the aggregative flotation process for beneficiating coal fines was investigated. The recovery of carbonaceous matter was found to be improved by high mixing intensity and by the utilization of preemulsified collector in the aggregate formation stage. The presence of salt in the flotation stage was found to enhance recovery of the aggregates and the use of a three-stage aggregative flotation technique was found to recover more than 95% of the carbonaceous matter while rejecting 94% of the liberated ash (67% of the total mineral matter). This was accomplished using 2 kg of kerosene per tonne of coal while, in contrast, conventional flotation techniques yielded a recovery of 47% at a collector dosage of 7.5 kg/t.