AlTi加间合金中TiAl3形态及对细化效果的影响

通过对比试验发现：不同ＴｉＡｌ３形态的ＡｌＴｉ中间合金具有不同的细化效果，借助ＳＥＭ和ＸＲＤ等手段对ＡｌＴｉ中间合金进行了分析对比，探讨了ＴｉＡｌ３形态对细化效果的影响，实验结果表明：利用快速凝固技术制备的该中间合金，其ＴｉＡｌ３化合物细小，具有最佳的细化效果。     

Al─Ti─C─B中间合金细化剂的研究

研究了新近开发的Ａｌ－Ｔｉ－Ｃ－Ｂ中间合金细化剂，检查了其显微组织及细化工业纯铝及含Ｚｒ铝合金的性能，并与Ａｌ－Ｔｉ－Ｂ中间合金细化剂进行了对比。结果表明：Ａｌ－Ｔｉ－Ｃ－Ｂ中间合金细化剂含有Ａｌ３Ｔｉ、ＴｉＢ２和ＴｉＣ三种第二相，它们形成尺寸细小弥散分布的多相粒子团，其细化工业纯铝晶粒的能力明显优于Ａｌ－Ｔｉ－Ｂ中间合金细化剂，并克服了Ａｌ－Ｔｉ－Ｂ中间合金细化剂易被Ｚｒ原子毒化的弱点。分析认为，Ａｌ－Ｔｉ－Ｃ－Ｂ中间合金优异的细化性能归功于多相粒子团表面凹陷处的物理化学作用     

Al-Ti-B-Sr对Al-Si-Mg合金的变质细化作用

用快速凝固和热变形处理的Ａｌ－Ｔｉ－Ｂ－Ｓｒ中间合金,对Ａｌ－Ｓｉ－Ｍｇ铝轮毂材料进行处理,试验结果表明：Ａｌ－Ｔｉ－Ｂ－Ｓｒ中间合金可以对Ａａ－７Ｓｉ－０．３５Ｍｇ合金有效地细化与变质;改善Ａｌ－Ｔｉ－Ｂ－Ｓｒ的细化与变质效果,Ａｌ－Ｓｉ－Ｍｇ合金的抗拉强度和延伸率较Ａｌ－Ｔｉ－Ｂ、Ａｌ－Ｓｒ两种中间俣金分别外入时提高了约１０％和２５％。     

铝钛硼稀土中间合金的研制与生产

采用氟化物和过热铝液反应，并引入稀土元素，生产出新型的铝晶粒细化剂──Ａｌ－Ｔｉ－Ｂ－ＲＥ中间合金。该工艺具有产品质量稳定、生产效率高、能耗低、副产品可利用等特点。并采用连续铸轧法生产出Ａｌ－Ｔｉ－Ｂ－ＲＥ线状产品。本文还提出Ａｌ－Ｔｉ－Ｂ－ＲＥ是不同于Ａｌ－Ｔｉ－Ｂ的一种新型的铝晶粒细化剂，对Ａｌ－Ｔｉ－Ｂ－ＲＥ的细化效果及稀土的作用进行了阐述。     

Al—Ti—C—B中间合金细化剂的研究

研究了新近开发的Ａｌ－Ｔｉ－Ｃ－Ｂ中间合金细化剂，检查了其显微组织及细化工业纯铝及含Ｚｒ铝合金的性能，并与Ａｌ－Ｔｉ－Ｂ中间合金细化剂进行了对比。结果表明，Ａｌ－Ｔｉ－Ｃ－Ｂ中间合金细化剂含有Ａｌ３Ｔｉ、ＴｉＢ２和ＴｉＣ三种第二相，经小弥散分布的多相粒子团，其细化工业纯铝晶粒的能力明显优于Ａｌ－Ｔｉ－Ｂ中间合金细化剂，并克服了Ａｌ－Ｔｉ－Ｂ中间合金细化易被Ｚｒ原子毒化的弱点，分析认为Ａｌ－Ｔｉ－Ｂ     

Al—Ti—B—RE中间合金晶粒细化剂细化效果试验总结

本文总结了使用Ａｌ－Ｔｉ－Ｂ－ＲＥ中间合金后铸轧板，冷轧板的组织性能及细化效果。     

Al—12%Si合金α—Al晶粒细化剂的研究

研究了Ａｌ－５Ｔｉ－１Ｂ和Ａｌ－３Ｂ中间合金对铸造铝合金Ａｌ－１２％Ｓｉ的α－Ａｌ晶粒的细化效果。结果表明，Ａｌ－３Ｂ中间合金的细化能力和抗延时衰减性能皆优于Ａｌ－５Ｔｉ－１Ｂ中间合金。分析认为，ＡｌＢ２和ＴｉＢ２相质点均为铸造Ａｌ－Ｓｉ合金中α－Ａｌ潜在的结晶核心，而Ａｌ３Ｔｉ相易被Ｓｉ原子毒化，失去作为结晶核心的作用。     

AlTiB中间合金细化行为的温度特性

研究了温度对 Ａｌ Ｔｉ Ｂ 中间合金细化效果的影响。试验结果表明， Ａｌ Ｔｉ Ｂ 中间合金的细化效果不仅取决于其本身的结构形态， 而且与细化工业纯铝的温度密切相关。比较了国内外三种 Ａｌ Ｔｉ Ｂ中间合金的细化效果随温度的变化规律， 发现， 其变化规律和达到最佳细化效果不同。     

杆状AlTiB中间合金的组织形貌及晶粒细化行为的研究

杆状ＡｌＴｉＢ中间合金是铝及其合金连铸过程中最常用的晶粒细化剂。本文采用Ｘ射线衍射和晶粒细化对比试验对国内外杆状ＡｌＴｉＢ中间合金进行了全面分析，发现它们的组成相均为α－Ａｌ＋ＴｉＡｌ３＋ＴｉＢ２。但国内产品的钛含量及ＴｉＢ２、ＴｉＡｌ３相含量偏低，晶粒细化效果很差。自行研制的ＡｌＴｉＢ中间合金的钛含量和ＴｉＢ２、ＴｉＡｌ３相含量与国外产品相当，晶粒细化效果也可与之媲美。探讨了ＡｌＴｉＢ中间合金在铝及铝合金中的形核机理。     

Al-Ti-C中间合金细化剂的组织及其细化性能

以一析方法在低温、低搅拌条件下成功地制备了几种成分的Ａｌ－Ｔｉ－Ｃ中间合工采用Ｘ射线衍射（ＸＲＤ）,扫措电镜（ＳＥＭ）和能谱分析（ＥＤＳ）等手段对中间合金的相组成和显微组织进行了综合分析,结果表明,Ａｌ－Ｔｉ－Ｃ中间合中的第二相粒子为块状Ａｌ３Ｔｉ和亚微米尺寸的非整化合物ＴｉＣｘ,其中ｘ在０．４９～０．７８之间不等,细化结果表明。Ａｌ－Ｔｉ－Ｃ对工业纯铝具有良好的晶粒细化效果,细化的闰核心为Ｔｉ,     

AlTi中间合金中TiAl_3形态及对细化效果的影响

通过对比试验发现；不同TiAl3形态的AlTi中间合金具有不同的细化效果，借助SEM和XRD等手段对AlTi中间合金进行了分析对比，探讨了TiAl3形态对细化效果的影响。实验结果表明：利用快速凝固技术制备的该中间合金，其TiAl3化合物细小，具有最佳的细化效果。     

Effects of various Mg-Sr master alloys on microstructural refinement of ZK60 magnesium alloy

The effects of various Mg-Sr master alloys(conventional as-cast,rapidly-solidified,rolled and solutionized) on microstructural refinement of ZK60 magnesium alloy were investigated.The results indicate that the refinement efficiency of various Mg-Sr master alloys in ZK60 alloy is different.The rolled Mg-Srmaster alloy is found to have relatively higher refinement efficiency than the conventional as-cast,solutionized and rapidly-solidified Mg-Sr master alloys.After being treated with the rolled Mg-Sr maste...     

Effects of Al-10Sr master alloys on grain refinement of AZ31 magnesium alloy

The effects of Al-10Sr master alloys on grain refinement of AZ31 magnesium alloy were investigated, and the refinement efficiency of different Al-10Sr master alloys （commercial, solubilized, rolled and remelted＋rapidly cooled） was compared and analyzed. The results indicate that the morphology and size of Al4Sr phases in the microstructures of different Al-10Sr master alloys, are of great difference. For the commercial Al-10Sr master alloy, the Al4Sr phases evolve from coarse block shape to relatively fine block shape after being dissolved at 500 ℃ for 4 h and followed by water quenching; but after being rolled at 300 ℃ for 50% reduction or remelted and followed by rapid cooling, the Al4Sr phases mainly exhibit fine granule and fibre shapes. In addition, the different Al-10Sr master alloys can effectively reduce the grain size of AZ31 magnesium alloy, but their refinement efficiency is different. The refinement efficiency of the Al-10Sr master alloy obtained by remelting and rapid cooling is the best, then the rolled, solubilized and commercial Al-10Sr master alloys are in turn. The difference of refinement efficiency for different Al-10Sr master alloys may be related to the dissolution rates of Al4Sr phases with different morphologies and sizes in the melt of AZ31 magnesium alloy.     

Mg对Al-Ti-B、Al-Ti-C中间合金细化铝晶粒效果的影响

试验研究了Mg对Al-5Ti-1B和Al-5Ti-0.2C两种中间合金细化铝晶粒效果的影响,分析了Mg影响两种中间合金细化铝晶粒行为的机制。结果表明,在w(Mg)=1%～7%的范围内,镁含量的增加,对两种中间合金细化铝晶粒的促进作用不显著,但对晶粒形貌有显著的影响;晶粒形貌取决于所用中间合金的种类和Mg添加量大小,相同镁含量时,用Al-5Ti-1B细化比用Al-5Ti-0.2C细化后晶粒的树枝化程度小;细化所用的中间合金相同时,随着镁含量的增加,细化晶粒的树枝化程度增大。     

电解加钛与熔配加钛对工业纯铝晶粒细化的作用

对比研究了电解加钛,以Al-Ti和Al-Ti-B中间合金方式向工业纯铝熔配加钛以及向电解低钛铝合金中再熔配加Al-B中间合金的细化效果.结果表明,不同加钛方式对纯铝都有较强的细化作用; 在钛含量相同的条件下,电解加钛的晶粒细化能力明显高于熔配加Al-Ti中间合金的; 钛含量较低时,熔配加Al-Ti-B中间合金的细化效果略好于电解加钛的,钛含量较高时,二者的细化能力相当.向电解生产的低钛铝合金中再熔配加入Al-B中间合金,可明显改善晶粒细化效果,尤其在较低的钛含量时表现得非常明显.     

Al—Ti—C中间合金的相组成及其细化特性

用专利方法制备出各种成分的Al-Ti-C中间合金作为铝及铝合金的晶粒细化剂。对该系列中间合金的组织和物相分析表明：在制备中间合金过程中,C与Ti反应充分,生成TiC和TiAl3两种管二相,且TiAl3析出量取决于中间合金的Ti含量和Ti/C含量比。用于纯铝的晶粒细化试验表明：与Al-Ti-C中间合金相比,Al-Ti-C中间合金的晶粒细化效率更高;Al-Ti-C中间合金只有在组织中TiC与TiAl3保持适当比例时,才能对纯铝产生良好的晶粒细化效果,不含TiAl3的Al-Ti-C中间合金的晶粒细化作用很微弱;用Al-Ti-C中间合金细化纯铝晶粒时,响应时间短,但衰退较快,且不能通过熔体搅拌法予以消除。分析和探讨了Al-Ti-C中间合金的晶粒细化机理,认为“碳化物理论” 不能充分解释Al-Ti-C的晶粒细化机理,提出“Ti在TiC或TiAl3颗粒表面富集引发包晶反应”的晶粒细化机制。     

Grain refining action of Al–5Ti–C and Al–TiC master alloys with Al–5Ti master alloy addition for commercial purity aluminium

Al–Ti–C master alloys have a great potential as efficient grain refiners for aluminium and its alloys. In the present work, the Al–5Ti–C, Al–TiC and Al–5Ti master alloys have been successfully prepared by a method of liquid solidification reactions. While the Al–5Ti–C master alloy consists of some strip- or needle-like TiAl₃, and in addition to TiC particles in the Al matrix, the Al–TiC master alloy revealed the presence of only TiC particles, and the Al–5Ti master alloy consists of only some blocky TiAl₃ particles. A united refinement technology by Al–5Ti–C+Al–5Ti and Al–TiC+Al–5Ti master alloys was put forward in this paper. The blocky TiAl₃ particles in Al–5Ti master alloy can not only improve the grain refinement efficiency of Al–5Ti–C and Al–TiC master alloys but also reduce the consumption because the blocky TiAl₃ particles improve the grain refinement efficiency of TiC particles in Al–5Ti–C and Al–TiC master alloys.     

硼对电解低钛铝基合金微观组织的影响

研究了Al-B中间合金对工业纯铝和电解低钛铝基合金微观组织的影响.结果表明,硼对纯铝晶粒细化作用较弱;对于电解低钛铝基合金而言,由于在电解过程加入的微量钛的作用,其晶粒已经得到明显细化,且随着钛含量的增加,晶粒细化效果不断加强.向电解低钛铝基合金按Ti:B=5:1的重量比再熔配加入Al-B中间合金,可明显改善电解加钛的晶粒细化作用,特别是在钛含量较低时作用更加明显,随着Al-B中间合金添加量的增加,硼的作用逐渐减弱,最终与不加硼的电解低钛铝基合金的细化效果相当.     

铸造Al-Si合金熔体处理——晶粒细化

对亚共晶Ａｌ－Ｓｉ铸造合金进行细化处理已成为一种基本操作。中间合金（Ａｌ－Ｔｉ,Ａｌ－Ｔｉ－Ｂ和Ａｌ－Ｂ合金）在亚共晶Ａｌ－Ｓｉ铸造合金中与在工业纯铝和变形铝合金中的晶粒细化行为存在较大的差异。Ａｌ－３Ｔｉ－３Ｂ,Ａｌ－３Ｂ中间合金在Ａｌ－Ｓｉ铸造合金中表现出优异的晶粒细化效应,Ｓｉ与晶粒细化剂的交互作用在其中扮演着重要的角色。通过炉前对熔体进行快速热分析可以对晶粒细化效果和变质程度进行评价和预测,继而控制熔体处理的质量。对于亚共晶Ａｌ－Ｓｉ铸造合金,归纳起来有四种晶粒细化机理：包晶反应理论、共晶反应理论、硼化物颗粒理论和超形核理论。仅对Ａｌ－Ｓｉ铸造合金细化处理的最新进展、Ｓｉ与晶粒细化剂的交互作用和晶粒细化机理进行综合评述     

Grain refinement of Al-3.5FeNb-1.5C master alloy on pure Al and Al-9.8Si-3.4Cu alloy

The refinement potential of Al-3.5 Fe Nb-1.5 C master alloy on pure aluminium and Al-9.8 Si-3.4 Cu alloy has been investigated. Different amounts of Al-3.5 Fe Nb-1.5 C master alloy were added to estimate the optimal addition level. It was found that the addition of Al-3.5 Fe Nb-1.5 C grain refiner can promote significantly the refinement of grains in the pure aluminium, particularly at 0.1 wt.%, with the mean primary aluminium α-grain size reducing to 187±3 μm from about 1-3 mm. Similarly, the microstructural study of the Al-9.8 Si-3.4 Cu alloy die casting at different weight percentages(viz. 0.0 wt.%, 0.1 wt.% and 1.0 wt.%) of Al-3.5 Fe Nb-1.5 C master alloy shows that the Al-3.5 Fe Nb-1.5 C master alloy as a grain refiner is also acceptable for Al-Si cast alloys when the silicon content is more than 4 wt.%. As a result of inoculation with Al-3.5 Fe Nb-1.5 C master alloy, the average grain size of α-Al is reduced to 22±3 μm from about 71±3 μm and grain refining efficiency is not characterized by any visible poisoning effect, which is the major limitation in the grain refinement of Al-Si cast alloys by applying Al-Ti-B ternary master alloys. Mechanical properties such as ultimate tensile strength and yield strength are significantly improved by 9.6% and 9.7%, respectively.