Studio South

"We took the building down with dignity." ¹ Through the act of removing an unstable but culturally significant structure in an African American community, Studio South explored architecture as process and politics. The necessary erasure of this Segregation era landmark resulted in a series of celebratory events within the community through the Studio's method of disassembly and revelation. The site of the landmark has been reactivated by the intervention of Studio South and will now continue to evolve even as it recalls the past.     

A Survey of Architectural Library Resources

Abstract

An alternative practice such as the Gulf Coast Community Design Studio is shaped by alternative values and uses alternative working methods. The values of service, proximity, and experience define the boundaries of the work and the relationships with the community. The alternative working methods, including the method of compensation, the working space, and the social interaction with the community, create open-ended, horizontal associations to sustain a long-term, community-based practice. The lesson learned is, while the day-to-day activities internal to the practice are conventional, the alternative values and working methods are developed on the boundaries where the work engages the community.     

Architects without Frontiers: War,Reconstruction and Design Responsibility - Edited by Esther Charlesworth

Abstract

North Studio operates as a contemporary variation on the traditional Beaux-Arts atelier model of architectural practice and education initially introduced to the United States in the mid-nineteenth century. Focused on developing and producing research and conceptually driven projects with real-world clients, the Studio is at once a locus for undergraduate design education within the context of Wesleyan University's liberal arts curriculum and a collaborative committed to seeing work built. Working with sites as diverse as a former commercial cranberry bog, a two thousand-square-foot-exposed partiwall, and a twenty-four-car parking lot, each project the Studio pursues has at its core a charge to challenge conventional notions of the relationship between landscape and architecture.     

Building Designs for Living: Studio 804 University of Kansas

Abstract

Studio 804 at the University of Kansas School of Architecture and Urban Design uses the design-build experience as a way to explore alternative models for design practice. The Studio is a collaborative workshop, whose designs are open-ended. Student participants learn both to explore new materials for typical construction applications and to invent new applications for typical materials. They learn to discover new constructive possibilities in familiar objects, sometimes in surprising ways.     

Using strategic management practices to promote participatory democracy in Australian local government

Abstract

Strategic management was introduced as a critical component of Australian local government reform during the 1990s. In addition to encouraging efficiency and effectiveness of operation, it was also intended to promote participatory democracy within local authorities. The paper explores the extent to which this objective has been achieved through an analysis of twenty‐five New South Wales municipalities. Discussion concludes that while strategic management has enhanced community involvement in local governance, it cannot be a substitute for traditional democratic processes.     

Social Media Use as Urban Acupuncture for Empowering Socially Challenged Communities

Abstract

This paper explores potential roles of social media in community empowerment, based on a study of a non-profit NGO in a socially challenged suburb of Cape Town, South Africa. In particular, it focuses on the relation between online and offline behavior, and how the use of social media can counteract negative influences in the community, e.g., drug abuse and gangsterism. Interviews with staff and participants reveal that using social media in a socially challenged community results in different social media use and different connections between online and offline activities than earlier social-media research reported.. These differences may inform design and social innovation for disruptive interaction to address negative influences, such as drugs and gangsterism, in socially challenged communities.     

Monumental Waste

Abstract

The Amagerforbraending waste-to-energy plant designed by Bjarke Ingels Group, the BEI-Stockton scheme by Heatherwick Studio, and Ennead's work on the Newtown Creek Wastewater Treatment Plant, are examples of a new brand of urban monument. Using Sert, Gidieon, and Léger's 1943 manifesto “Nine Points of Monumentality” as a starting point, the author examines these projects and their images to track the collective values they symbolize.     

江中集团总部办公楼

这不是一个一般意义上的办公楼，建筑方案特别强调内外空间的环境质量，在做方案时，我们特别重视以朴实的建筑手法，来体现现代的办公方式。总建筑面积将近3万平方米，竣工后将是该地区一个标志性建筑物。     

蓝波湾会所

这是一个房地产商要求的标志性建筑。这是事务所的一帮年轻设计人员试图先做模型，后画图的房子。     

Conference Review

Abstract

Book review in this article

Outside Pedagogy: Rural and Urban

Samuel Mockbee and the Rural Studio: Community Architecture DAVID MOOS and GAIL TRECHSEL, editors

Valparaiso School: Open City Group RODRIGO PÉ;REZ DE ARCE and FERNANDO PÉ;REZ OYARZUN RAÚL RISPA, editor

Giuseppe Terragni: Transformations Decompositions Critiques PETER EISENMAN with texts by Giuseppe Terragni and Manfredo Tafuri

Exporting American Architecture 1870–2000 JEFFREY W. CODY

Architecture as a Means of Filial Discovery: Nathaniel Kahn's My Architect The Louis Kahn Project in association with HBO/Cinemax Films     

The Environment And Development – How The Twain Can Meet: A Plan For Community-Supported Development In South Australia

The present system for approval of development in Australia and especially in South Australia has often been unsuccessful for a number of reasons¹. The crux of the matter can be summarised as ‘inadequate public consultation at a stage when it can influence events’. Too much money is spent and too many commitments are made regarding a development before a community consultation process begins. At this stage, because of money spent, the developer does not want to accept change, delay or defeat, and the community sensing their potential impotence fights loud and hard. Both sides are immediately locked into an adversarial situation and legal actions often result. This situation is bad for the developer (no development, no profit, no jobs) the State (no development, no jobs, no tax income, poor image) and for the environment movement (image as spoilers instead of environmental protectionists) (Smith, 1991a,b; Smith and Allen, 1991).     

The use of data from South Australia's rental tenancy tribunal for research and policy analysis: Issues of validity and efficacy

Abstract

This paper examines the value for research and policy development of rental tenancy data collected by the South Australian Rental Tenancy Tribunal (RTT). The data held by the RTT are for South Australia only, but comparable organisations exist in a number of other states, such as New South Wales and Victoria. Lessons learned from South Australia could serve as a pilot for the development of a new (semi‐) national framework for monitoring the private rental market.     

School Siting

Problem: The United States is embarking on an unprecedented era of school construction even as debate continues over where schools should be located and how much land they should occupy.

Purpose: My three goals for this study were to trace the evolution of school siting standards, to explain the factors currently influencing school facility location decisions, and to identify what local and regional planners could contribute to school siting decisions.

Methods: I reviewed the land use planning and educational facilities literatures on school siting and conducted in-depth interviews with school facility planners from 10 counties in Maryland and northern Virginia to assess their perspectives on the school planning process.

Results and conclusions: I discovered that different groups use very different definitions of community school. Smart growth proponents advocate community schools that are small and intimately linked to neighborhoods, while school facility planners expect community schools to meet the needs of entire localities. I recommend that individual communities consider the tradeoffs associated with different school sizes and make choices that meet local preferences for locations within walking distance of students, potential for sports fields, school design, and connections to neighborhoods. State school construction and siting policies should support flexibility for localities.

Takeaway for practice: Local and regional planners should work with school facility planners to conduct exercises and charettes to help each community determine how to realize its own vision of community schools.

Research support: The School of Architecture at the University of Virginia and the Department of City and Regional Planning at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill supported this research.     

萧山开发区综合服务大楼

该方案的核心部分在勘探完现场后的归途上就确定下来了。这个方案的难点在于其规定的体量（总建筑面积12000m^2）与成为标志建筑的要求之间的矛盾，所以我们安排了观光电梯，既满足实际功能，又将整个建筑拔高，成为统领整个开发区的建筑物。     

江西中医学院图书馆

这是JHW Studio第一个图书馆工程，坐落在中医学院的轴线末端。平面布置并没有跳出传统的图书馆设计，但是，中央庭院的采光通风十分好，现在是中医学院的标志。总建筑2万平米，对于一个规模不大的学院来廛，刚好够用。     

Toxicity and sorption kinetics of dissolved cadmium and chromium III on tropical freshwater phytoperiphyton in laboratory mesocosm experiments

The objective of this study was to assess the interactive effects of Cd and Cr III on tropical phytoperiphyton community growth, metal sorption kinetics, as well as Cd and Cr mixtures toxicity to diatom assemblages in laboratory mesocosm experiments. A natural phytoperiphyton community sampled from the Monjolinho River (South of Brazil) was inoculated into seven experimental systems containing clean glass substrates for phytoperiphyton colonization. The communities were exposed to mixtures of dissolved Cd and Cr concentrations of 0.01 and 0.1 mg.L⁻¹ Cd and 0.05 and 0.2 mg.L⁻¹ Cr. Phytoperiphyton chlorophyll a, ash-free dry mass, growth rate, diatom cell density and diatom community composition were analyzed on samples collected after 1, 2 and 3 weeks of colonization. High Cd concentration (0.1 mg.L⁻¹) affects phytoperiphyton growth while high concentration of Cr (0.2 mg.L⁻¹) decreased the toxic effects of Cd on phytoperiphyton growth demonstrating the importance of studying metal mixtures in field studies. Shifts in species composition (development of more resistant species like Achnanthidium minutissimum (Kützing) Czarnecki, and Nitzschia palea (Kützing) Smith and reduction of sensitive ones like Fragilaria capucina Desmazières, Navicula cryptocephala (Grunow) Cleve, Encyonema silesiacum (Bleisch) Mann, Eunotia bilunaris (Ehrenberg) Mills and Gomphonema parvulum (Kützing) Kützing), of phytoperiphyton communities with increasing Cd and Cr concentrations and exposure duration have been demonstrated in this study making phytoperiphyton communities appropriate monitors of metal mixtures in aquatic systems. Good Cd and Cr accumulation capacity by phytoperiphyton was demonstrated with total and intracellular metal content in phytoperiphyton reflecting the effects of dissolved concentrations of metal in the culture media and exposure duration. Increase in both Cd and Cr reduced sequestration of each other, with generally more Cd being sequestered compared to Cr. Field validation of the observed effects remains an interesting subject for further investigations.     

COVALENT,a method for co-designing value exchange in community-centred design

Abstract

It is challenging to design for mutually beneficial relationships in a multi-actor service system when these actors have diverse and conflicting interests, and lack usable methods and tools that support the design process. This study introduces a novel method for co-designing value exchange (COVALENT). COVALENT integrates the value analysis model, co-design strategy and service design tools, to support the conceptualisation of reciprocal value exchanges based on the analysis of and matching between, stakeholders’ needs and resources. Its perceived effectiveness was validated through application to the development of community business models in Ulsan, South Korea. This study contributes to the knowledge of co-design by providing a method for co-designing services that aim to achieve reciprocal value exchanges in the context of community-centred design and by discussing the effectiveness of that method as perceived by users.     

Dyn-o-Mite Fiends

Abstract

In wars of revolution, monuments become one of the most likely targets. Weatherman Underground's repeated bombing of Chicago's Haymarket police statue in 1969 and 1970, despite its evocation of the Haymarket incident—a landmark event in the history of Chicago and national labor politics—has largely been a footnote to the more consequential violence of the late 1960s. Instead, we argue that the spatial politics surrounding Weatherman's Haymarket police statue bombings highlight a critical historical juncture in an ongoing tension between the enforcement of social stability and the promises of democracy in the United States.     

Concentrations of particulate mercury in the Atlantic marine atmosphere

The concentrations of mercury have been determined in atmospheric particulates collected by a shipboard filter method from locations over the North and South Atlantic Ocean. In the North Atlantic westerlies at 57°N the geometric mean mercury concentration was 0.035 ng (SCM)^?1, whilst at middle and low latitude the mean was 0.011 ng (SCM)^?1. A geometric mean concentration of 0.007 ng (SCM)^?1 was observed in the South Atlantic. The interhemispheric differences in concentration were interpreted as reflecting variations in the anthropogenic contribution to the marine aerosol. The results were used to estimate the flux of mercury to Atlantic surface waters. An upper limit for the flux of mercury from the atmosphere to the North Atlantic was calculated to be between 600-380 t yr^?1 and 150-100 t yr^?1 for the South Atlantic.