即时通信研究综述

对即时通信系统的网络服务模型、通信方式、防火墙和网络地址转换穿越及标准协议进行了深入分析．讨论了即时通信几种主要安全问题，并对即时通信的发展作了展望。     

企业即时通信软件的设计与实现

针对企业员工之间以及企业与客户之间即时通信使用软件平台不同而带来的障碍,通过对现有XMPP扩展协议Jingle的即时通开源库libjingle的分析,并结合Google Talk即时通的开发技术,在即时通软件客户端加入企业硬件产品远程认证模块和远程故障诊断模块,实现了用户和企业间的文字与音频即时通信和个性化即时通信。     

主动数据库技术在即时消息传递中的应用模型

为了提高即时消息传递(InstantMessaging-IM)系统的实时性和可靠性,引入主动数据库技术(aDBS)。简单介绍了aDBS的基本概念和功能结构,引入该技术对传统IM系统的模型进行改进,提出了一个新的IM体系结构;分析列举了新模型中数据库应该具有的主动功能,最后就一些具体实现问题进行了分析。IM系统的部分功能由逻辑控制层面转移到经过优化的数据库层面,对于提高系统的实时处理效率和保障数据一致性,具有有效的作用。     

互联网即时消息(Instant Messaging,IM)的研究现状与展望

即时消息（Instant Messaging，IM）是一种新兴的互联网交流方式，它具有实时性、在线性等一些很好的特性.目前IM已经成为继Email、Web之后的第三大互联网应用，基于IM的技术仍然在发展中，也出现了一些和IM相关的研究问题.本文总结了IM的特征，将IM和其他交流方式进行了比较，介绍了IM的服务模型和相关协议，讨论了IM的现有研究方向并对IM的未来发展方向进行了展望．     

Interactive Theorem Proving: An Empirical Study of User Activity

In this paper the interaction between users and the interactive theorem prover HOL is investigated from a human–computer interaction perspective. First, we outline three possible views of interaction, and give a brief survey of some current interfaces and how they may be described in terms of these views. Second, we describe and present the results of an empirical study of intermediate and expert HOL users. The results are analysed for evidence in support of the proposed view of proof activity in HOL. We believe that this approach provides a principled basis for the assessment and design of interfaces to theorem provers.     

信任机制在即时通信系统中的应用研究

即时通信（instant messaging，IM）的发展和广泛应用，极大地改变了人与人之间的信息交流方式，但也带来了一系列新的安全问题。本文首先分析了使用IM系统时存在的安全问题，研究了现有解决方法存在的不足，论述了如何将信任机制应用到IM系统中的设想，从而防止恶意代码传播、身份伪冒和垃圾信息等安全问题，并给出信任模型的建立方法。     

User study on AffectIM,an avatar-based Instant Messaging system employing rule-based affect sensing from text

Social interaction among people is an essential part of every society, and a strong foundation for the development and self-actualization of a person. Even in virtual environments we tend to interact in a social way. Our research addresses the tasks of recognition, interpretation, and visualization of affect communicated through text messaging. In order to facilitate sensitive and expressive interaction in computer-mediated communication, we previously introduced a novel syntactical rule-based approach to affect recognition from text. The evaluation of the developed Affect Analysis Model showed promising results regarding its capability to accurately recognize affective information in text from an existing corpus of informal online conversations. To enrich the user's experience in online communication, to make it enjoyable, exciting, and fun, we implemented a web-based Instant Messaging (IM) application, AffectIM, and endowed it with emotional intelligence by integrating the developed Affect Analysis Model. This paper describes the findings of a twenty-person study conducted with our AffectIM system. The results of the study indicate that our IM system with automatic emotion recognition function can achieve a level of affective intelligence (system is successful at conveying the user's feelings, avatar expression is appropriate) that is comparable to “gold standard”, where users select the label of the conveyed emotion manually.     

基于复杂网络理论的即时通讯病毒研究

通过仿真分析了即时通讯病毒的传播特性,其传播速度非常迅速,并且在无标度网络上比在其他网络拓扑结构下传播得更快。单独增强用户的安全意识只能减少病毒的感染范围,不能减缓病毒的传播速度。结合复杂网络理论提出了监控和防御即时通讯病毒的一条思路,引入杀毒软件的病毒库的概念,使即时通讯软件能对已知病毒免疫。根据病毒的传播特点和即时通讯网络的无标度特性分别提出了基于IM客户端的监控方案和基于服务器端的病毒监控方案。     

BlueIM：基于蓝牙的手机即时通信软件

提出一种基于蓝牙的手机即时通信软件——BlueIM,运用蓝牙协议栈和J2ME的无线通信技术API来实现即时通信,介绍BlueIM软件的设计过程,包括软件的需求分析、层次结构设计与体系结构设计,研究与BlueIM相关的数据库管理、手机内存使用最佳化以及手机界面图片处理等问题。仿真实验结果表明,BlueIM符合功能设计要求,能够在短距离无线通信中获得较好的性能。     

Explaining Instant Messaging Continuance Intention: The Role of Personality

The Five-Factor Model (FFM) of personality is widely used to predict cognitions, attitudes, and behaviors in management and psychological research. However, the FFM personality has seldom appeared in the information system (IS) research field. Devaraj, Easley, and Crant (2008 Devaraj, S., Easley, R. F. and Crant, J. M. 2008. How does personality matter? Relating the five-factor model to technology acceptance and use. Information Systems Research, 19: 93–105. [Crossref], [Web of Science ®] , [Google Scholar]) first introduced FFM into the context of IS acceptance. This study extends to the context of IS continuance. The proposed model is developed and empirically validated using data from a field survey in order to examine how individuals' personality traits influence their IS continuance intentions. The data were collected from a public university in China via an online survey. The findings support that user satisfaction and perceived usefulness are key to continuance intention of instant messaging use. The results also support that perceived enjoyment and perceived usefulness are positively associated with user satisfaction. Perceived enjoyment is the dominant variable affecting user satisfaction with technology use. Two personality traits of the Big Five factors (i.e., Conscientiousness and Extraversion) have direct effects on perceived enjoyment, whereas the other three (i.e., Openness to Experience, Neuroticism, and Agreeableness) have no direct effects. Our study provides an important basis for better understanding how individuals' personality characteristics influence their technology continuance.     

安卓端即时通信应用的心跳机制研究及性能优化

即时通信应用以消息的即时性为主要特征,而其内部的心跳机制因具有恒久的定时操作,极大地消耗移动系统的资源,这在安卓系统上尤为明显。为此,以安卓系统应用作为研究对象,对国内主流即时聊天软件进行抓包测试,分析其内部实现过程,检测它们对手机资源的消耗情况,利用Xposed框架对心跳接口进行调整与修改,给出针对即时通信应用的节能应用(iHeart)。实验结果表明,在保证各个应用消息收发正常情况下,iHeart应用能截获心跳操作,并可折中调整多个定时设定,减少流量和电量消耗。     

Understanding Continuance Intention of Mobile Payment Services: An Empirical Study

Research on continued use of mobile payment services is scarce. To address part of this research gap, we examine a research model, derived from IT continuance, risk-trust, and affect-cognition literature. The results show that user satisfaction with mobile payment services has a substantive positive impact on continuance intention with such services; the disconfirmation of preadoption perceived usefulness about mobile payment services positively impacts user satisfaction and postadoption perceived usefulness; the disconfirmation of preadoption perceived risk about mobile payment services negatively impacts user satisfaction and positively impacts postadoption perceived risk; postadoption perceived usefulness is positively associated with continuance intention; user satisfaction positively impacts both institution-based trust in mobile payment technologies and trust beliefs in service providers; institution-based trust shows a positive impact on postadoption perceived usefulness and a negative impact on postadoption perceived risk.     

Android与J2ME平台间即时通信的研究与实现

随着新一代智能手机平台Android的发布和我国3G网络投入运营,不同智能手机间的即时通信应用越来越重要。本文分析了实现Android与J2ME平台间即时通信的关键技术,并在模拟环境上实现了不同平台终端设备间的即时通信功能。     

User Satisfaction Survey of Ask-A-Question Service at the Internet Public Library

ABSTRACT

To assess satisfaction of the Internet Public Library's Ask-A-Question service, we conducted a three month user survey between February 12 and May 11, 2004. Most respondents were highly satisfied with the answers they received. Although only a few respondents expressed dissatisfaction with the service, we conducted failure analysis on those transactions. The conclusion includes suggestions for improving the IPL digital reference service.     

Intentional Bias: An Empirical Study of Interpellative User Experiences on University Donor Websites

There are at least three problems with current knowledge concerning emotional design and persuasive user interfaces. First, although many works theorize concepts, they fail to offer concrete design techniques that make use of theories. Second, when specific design techniques are offered, they have rarely been empirically tested. Third, there is a tendency to assume that user-centered design techniques do not contribute substantively to the rhetorical effect of interfaces. This article bridges these gaps by offering a fresh perspective on persuasive design, by using Louis Althusser's theory of “interpellation” as a foundation, and by articulating empirically tested design techniques. The mixed method study featured hypothetical “interpellative” design techniques, use of an authentic scenario to drive talk-aloud protocols with representative users, and a comment coding data analysis technique to validate hypotheses using trained raters. The results, backed by 92% inter-rater reliability, confirmed 8 of 9 hypotheses, thereby yielding 8 concrete techniques that can be used to design donor websites. Regarding the techniques themselves, the study's principal finding is that usability is not a secondary characteristic of persuasion—i.e., it is not something that designers should consider after designing for persuasive effect. Usability must therefore be a critical component of work in aesthetic and experiential design.     

基于用户满意度的学习服务发现算法

针对用户对e-Learning服务发现系统提供的服务不满意或者满意程度不稳定的问题,引入了用户满意度因子,设计了一个学习服务发现算法--eLSDAUS.该算法允许用户参与服务发现的过程,对服务发现的效果进行评价,学习服务发现系统把用户的评价反馈到学习服务发现算法,利用修正函数修正更新发布服务各属性的匹配度权值,优化反馈给用户的综合匹配度的计算,实验表明,在发布的学习服务数量超过1万时,该算法能够提高服务发现的查准率3%,而且随着发布服务数量的增多,效果会更好,经过127天的学习,用户对服务发现结果的总体满意比率可超过93%.     

Unintended consequences of emerging communication technologies: Instant Messaging in the workplace

With increased global connectivity, managers are faced with new technologies and rapid organizational changes. For instance, organizations may adopt emerging technologies such as Instant Messaging in order to increase collaboration at a distance and to decrease communications costs. However, the impact and implications of these technologies for managers and employees often go far beyond the original intent of the technology designers. Consequently, in this study, instant messaging (IM) and its use in organizations were investigated through interviews with employees. Results suggest that critical mass represents an important factor for IM success in the workplace that IM symbolizes informality, and that IM is perceived to be much less rich than face-to-face communication. Further, results demonstrate that employees use IM not only as a replacement for other communication media but as an additional method for reaching others. With IM, employees engage in polychronic communication, view IM as privacy enhancing, and see its interruptive nature as unfair. The paper concludes by discussing research and practice implications for organizational psychologists.     

Job Satisfaction and Creativity Style: An Unexpected Empirical Finding

The purpose of this study was to explore whether or not a relationship exists between managerial job satisfaction and creativity styles of U.S. and European managers. Data were obtained from a sample of 8,621 U.S. managers attending leadership development programs at the Center for Creative Leadership-U.S. and from another sample of 127 European managers attending leadership development programs at the Center for Creative Leadership-Europe. The results suggest that there is no relationship among various job satisfaction measures as derived from the Managerial Job Satisfaction Questionnaire and creativity style preference as measured by the Kirton Adaptation Innovation Inventory. Implications are discussed.     

Understanding Computer Users With Tetraplegia: Survey of Assistive Technology Users

An online survey in the form of a questionnaire was conducted to obtain the opinion of computer users with tetraplegia on their current computer interfaces and to assess desirable applications for future independent control using assistive devices. The survey included questions related to information about the respondents' injury/disease, everyday activities and social life, electronic devices and computer programs, evaluation of computer interfaces, and desirable applications for assistive devices. The survey was distributed via tetraplegia associations, magazines, and Internet forums mainly in Denmark and Sweden, but also through other European and American associations. Thirty-one completed questionnaires were collected from individuals with spinal cord injury and other neuromuscular diseases that resulted in tetraplegia. Respondents evaluated gaze and head trackers; speech recognition systems; chin, mouth, and hand joysticks; sip and puff interfaces; and typing sticks. Most interfaces were evaluated in a range from neutral to good. Users expressed a desire for applications to independently control wheelchairs, television sets, doors, and windows. This is, as far as is known, the first study that compares a wide range of current commercial computer interfaces that have been used as part of the users' everyday lives. The answers are useful for designing and developing alternative computer interfaces and assistive devices and for computer-interface users to identify a computer-interface fitting more to his or her needs.