Cr对流动NaCl溶液中普碳钢锈层特征的影响

对碳钢和耐蚀管用含Cr低合金钢进行流动加速腐蚀实验,研究了实验钢在流动腐蚀性条件下的锈层结构以及Cr元素对锈层的影响机理.利用极化曲线、SEM、TEM及XPS等分析手段研究了Cr元素对实验钢耐流动加速腐蚀性的影响,以及含Cr钢内锈层的腐蚀形貌,深入分析了Cr在内锈层中的分布及存在状态.结果表明,含Cr钢内锈层致密均匀,Cr元素在内锈层中富集并以Fe2CrO4的形式存在.Fe2CrO4细小的颗粒尺寸是形成致密内锈层的原因,致密的内锈层对基体具有很好的保护作用.     

Influence of Cr on reduction behavior of rust formed on low alloy steels in flowing 3. 5% NaCl solution

The reduction behavior of rust layer formed on carbon steel and on Cr- containing steels was investigated in flowing 3. 5mass% NaCl solution via potentiodynamic polarization curve, EPMA, XRD, and XPS. The results show that the weight loss of Cr- containing steels is lower than that of carbon steel. Fe3+ in the rust layer participated in the cathodic reaction with the corrosion process. Cr concentrated in the inner rust layer formed on the experimental steels, and exited in the form of Cr3+. This concentration behavior of Cr increases the corrosion potential of experimental steels and decreases the amount of Fe3O4 in the inner rust layer. Inhibition of reduction of rust results in a decrease of corrosion of metal. Moreover, inhibition of rust reduction suppresses the reduction reaction of oxygen, owing to the decrease of conductivity of rust layer. Therefore, the corrosion resistance of experimental steels can be improved by suppressing the cathodic reaction in flowing 3. 5 mass% NaCl solution.     

Cr对低合金钢在流动NaCl溶液中耐蚀性的影响

对碳钢和Cr含量不同的实验钢在流速为0.8m/s的流动的3.5％(质量分数)NaCl溶液中的腐蚀行为进行研究,最长腐蚀周期为192h.对4种实验钢的腐蚀失重进行了比较,并利用动电位极化曲线、SEM、EPMA和TEM等分析手段,对实验钢表面形成锈层的特征进行了系统研究.结果表明,含Cr实验钢的腐蚀失重低于碳钢,并且随Cr的质量分数由0.5％提高至2％,腐蚀失重亦降低.Cr元素在内锈层中的富集是含Cr钢耐蚀性改善的重要原因.这种富集可使腐蚀产物颗粒获得细小的尺寸,致密内锈层形成的原因就是由于这种尺寸细小的腐蚀产物的形成,使内锈层的保护性获得明显的改善.     

Corrosion Behavior of Rusted 550 MPa Grade Offshore Platform Steel

 The corrosion behavior of a rusted 550 MPa grade offshore platform steel in Cl- containing environment was investigated. The results revealed that the corrosion process can be divided into initial stage in which corrosion rate increased with accumulation of corrosion products and later stage in which homogeneous and compact rust layer started to protect steel substrate out of corrosion mediums. On the contrary, structural analysis of rust layers by X-ray diffraction showed that α-FeOOH increased from 1. 3% to 3. 6% and the Fe3O4 increased from 1. 0% to 1. 5% while γ-FeOOH reduced slightly according to corrosion time increased from 30 cycles to 73 cycles. The results of electron probe microanalysis indicated that Cr concentrated mainly in the inner region of the rust, inner/outer interface especially, whereas Ni and Cu were uniformly distributed all over the rust after 73 corrosion cycles. According to electrochemical measurements, it was found that the corrosion rate of rusted steel reduced from 0. 61 mm/a after 45 cycles to 0. 34 mm/a after 85 cycles, 44. 3% reduction approximately, and Rrust values increased with increment of corrosion time. Therefore, formation of compact inner rust layer and enrichment of Cr are important to improve corrosion resistance of offshore platform steel.     

Corrosion Resistance of High Performance Weathering Steel for Bridge Building Applications

 The mechanical properties, corrosion resistance and microstructures of high performance steel (HPS) was investigated by tensile testing machine, Charpy V-Notch (CVN) testing machine, cyclic immersion corrosion tester, XRD, optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and electron probe micro-analyzer (EPMA). The results showed that significant differences existed in the tensile strength, yield strength and impact toughness between HPS and PCS. After 72 h cyclic immersion accelerated corrosion test, the inner rust layer on HPS was composed of α-FeOOH phase and denser than that on PCS that was a mixture of α-FeOOH and Fe3O4. The rust formed on HPS provides better protection and HPS has lower corrosion rates than PCS. Copper and chromium in HPS enrich in the rust layer and enhance the compactness of the rust layer. Based on the results of the accelerated corrosion tests and rust layer analysis, the roles of Cu and Cr against corrosion are discussed, providing HPS with chemical specification which has been industrially successful to produce weathering steel for bridge structure.     

3Cr钢在油水两相层流工况下的腐蚀行为

油水两相是海底管道和集输管线常见的腐蚀工况之一。以3Cr钢为代表的低Cr合金钢是目前具有良好耐蚀性能的重要材料,但是,在油水两相层流工况下,特别是加注了一定缓蚀剂的条件下,3Cr钢的适用性尚不明确。通过高温高压反应釜模拟了油水两相层流工况的腐蚀环境,结合扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、X射线衍射谱（XRD）、激光共聚焦拉曼光谱、电化学交流阻抗等测试表征方法,研究了3Cr钢的腐蚀行为及缓蚀剂对其耐蚀性能的影响。结果表明,在油水分层工况下,3Cr钢的腐蚀产物膜为明显的双层膜结构,其内层腐蚀产物膜为结构致密的富Cr层,表现出良好的抗CO₂腐蚀性能,但加入100 mg·L?1十七烯基胺乙基咪唑啉季铵盐缓蚀剂后,3Cr钢并未得到有效的缓蚀保护。腐蚀产物分析和电化学研究表明,烷烃分子、缓蚀剂分子及富Cr层间存在竞争关系,烷烃分子干扰了缓蚀剂分子的有序排列,影响了3Cr钢的耐蚀性。      

稀土对低碳钢耐工业大气腐蚀性的影响

研究了在江津地区暴晒2年低碳钢和稀土钢的大气腐蚀行为。结果表明:稀土可以有效提高低碳钢耐工业大气腐蚀性,试验钢的腐蚀数据符合动力学模型D=Atn。采用扫描电镜、极化曲线、XRD及Fourier变换红外光谱等手段对腐蚀产物进行研究。发现稀土能促进稳定的保护性腐蚀产物α-FeOOH生成,降低锈层中具有反应活性的Fe3O4含量;并可以增加锈层致密性。从锈层反应的角度阐述了稀土提高低碳钢耐蚀性的机理。     

稀土钇对管线钢耐蚀性和物理化学行为的影响

试验管线钢（/%:0.04~0.05C,0.20~0.24Si,1.80~1.88Mn,0.010~0.012P,0.004~0.005S,0.27~0.30Cr,0.42~0.46Ni,0.24~0.28Mo,0.20Cu,0.005V,0~0.017Y,0.0031~0.0053O）由10 kg感应炉熔炼,并轧成试棒。采用扫描电镜和能谱仪、电化学技术以及热力学计算的方法研究了稀土钇对管线钢在模拟海水溶液（3.5%NaCl）中抗腐蚀性能的影响。结果表明,稀土可以对钢中夹杂产生变质作用,将大尺寸、尖角状的Al₂O₃夹杂变质为小尺寸、球状的稀土复合夹杂,所以有利于形成连续致密的内锈层,减少钢基的点蚀源,从而提高钢的抗腐蚀性能。     

低合金耐候钢在含氯离子环境中的腐蚀行为

利用干湿周浸加速腐蚀实验对比研究了低合金钢A588和SPA-H在含氯离子环境下腐蚀行为,并利用金相显微镜、扫描电镜、X射线衍射和电子探针等方法分析了Ni、Mn对于低合金钢腐蚀行为的影响.结果表明:实验钢锈层中的物质主要由α-FeOOH、γ-FeOOH和Fe₃O₄组成,但其含量存在差异;Ni元素在内锈层含量高于外锈层,Mn元素在锈层的孔洞处富集;内锈层的致密程度高于外锈层;提高合金元素Mn和Ni的含量,可以提高内锈层的致密性,从而提高低合金钢的耐蚀性能.      

Atmospheric Corrosion of Q235 Carbon Steel and Q450 Weathering Steel in Turpan,China

Q235 carbon steel and Q450 weathering steel were exposed to the hot and dry environment of Turpan, China for three years.The corrosion rates of both steels were calculated and compared.The morphologies of the rust layer products were observed by optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy.Analyses of the rust layers were performed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy,X-ray powder diffraction,and Raman spectroscopy,and anal-ysis results indicate that the compositions of rust are main iron rich oxide such as FeOOH,Fe3 O4 ,and Fe2 O3 .The iron oxide layer content proportion was calculated through a semi-quantitative algorithm.The resistance elements (Cr,Ni,and Cu)enhanced the resistance properties of the Q450 weathering steel matrix.Moreover,the resistance elements increased the proportion of goethite crystals in the corroded rust layer.     

Effect of microstructure on corrosion behavior of low carbon high chrome steel

The two types of microstructure of low carbon and high chromium steel (5Cr) were obtained through the test smelting, rolling and quenching after rolling.Corrosion performance of 5 mass%Cr steel and Q235 steel were researched by means of cyclic wetting and drying corrosion test in 2 mass% NaCl solution.Corrosion behavior and corrosion rust layers were analyzed by OM, SEM, EDS, XRD, cyclic wetting and drying corrosion tester and electrochemical testing. The results show that after the specimens were immersed and etched in 2 mass% NaCl solution for 72h, the different microstructures of 5Cr steel have great influence on the resistance to chloride ion corrosion. B+F+M microstructure of 5Cr steel shows lower corrosion rate than Q235 steel, 5Cr steel with martensite microstructure also shows lower corrosion rate than Q235 steel. Corrosion susceptibility of 5Cr steel with martensite structure is weaker than complex organization.The stratification of chromium oxide, oxyhydroxide, and iron oxide exists in the chromium- containing steel rust layer, in which the Cr enrichment maximum value is 17 mass%, and the lowest is 1 mass%.Lath martensite formed by quenching process makes the corrosion potential rise, ??- FeOOH and ??- FeOOH form. Bainite+ferrite phase and adverse phenomenon of Cr steel may cause the poor corrosion resistance.     

Corrosion Resistance on High Strength Bainitic Steel and 09CuPCrNi After Wet-Dry Cyclic Conditions

The accelerated wet-dry cyclic corrosion tests have been carried out of a high strength bainitic steel and 09CuPCrNi. The results indicated that the corrosion resistance of 09CuPCrNi was better than that of the bainitic steel based on the mass loss measurements. The morphology and composition of the rusting products have been investigated in order to realize the mechanism of rust formation on the two steels. The rust scale on both steels was composed of a dense inner layer and a loose outer layer. The inner layer grew thicker and denser as the test proceeding. Both of inner and outer layers were mainly composed of magnetite (Fe3O4) and maghemite (γ-Fe2O3) with a small amount of lepidocrocite (γ-FeOOH) and akaganeite (β-FeOOH). The rust phase of γ-Fe2O3 was detected in a higher amount of the inner layer, resulting in a much denser inner layer. The inner rust layer of 09CuPCrNi being denser and thicker than that of the high strength bainitic steel was attributed to the alloying elements such as copper, chromium and phosphorus enriched in it. The protective inner rust layer plays an important role in the corrosion resistance of the steel.     

碳含量和组织类型对低合金钢耐蚀性的影响

 研究了碳含量不同和显微组织不同的低合金钢的耐腐蚀性能和腐蚀行为,并和商业耐候钢09CuPCrNi做了相应的比较。在碳含量比较低的情况下,组织类型对试验钢的耐蚀性影响不大;碳含量比较高时,单相贝氏体钢的耐蚀性优于由铁素体、渗碳体(珠光体)等构成的复相组织钢。轧后水冷时,不同碳含量的钢耐蚀性差别不大;轧后空冷时,碳含量低的钢的耐蚀性优于碳含量较高的钢。用扫描电镜对锈层进行观察,可以看出耐蚀性较好的试样在腐蚀后期形成了较致密的内锈层。碳的质量分数分别为0.03%和0.1%的钢水冷后的平均腐蚀速率相差很小,但从微观角度看其点蚀发展趋势不同。加速腐蚀5个周期后,w(C)为003%的水冷钢中蚀坑尺寸不再增加,而w(C)为01%的钢中蚀坑尺寸仍有增加趋势。     

稀土元素Ce对A36船板钢耐腐蚀行为的影响

试验用A36和含Ce的A36Ce船板钢(/%:0.12~0.13C,0.21Si,0.77~0.79Mn,0.013~0.015P,0.003~0.004S,0.32~0.33Cr,0.023~0.025Al,0~0.009Ce)由真空感应炉熔炼,铸成7 kg锭,锻成25 mm×25 mm方坯,并经865℃ 0.5 h空冷的正火处理。通过对普通不含Ce的A36船板钢和含0.009%Ce的A36Ce船板钢在模拟海水(3.5%NaCl)环境中的全浸试验,用失重、电化学方法、扫描电镜和X-射线衍射法分析了两钢种腐蚀速率,腐蚀形貌和锈层特征。结果表明,在海水中浸蚀30天后,A36船板钢的腐蚀速率为1.8 g/(mm²·天),A36Ce船板钢的腐蚀速率为1.2 g/(mm²·天);A36Ce船板钢易形成黑色较致密的内锈层,且不易脱落;普通A36船板钢点腐蚀倾向较严重,而A36Ce船板钢以均匀腐蚀为主;两种钢腐蚀产物主要为铁的氧化物和羟基铁。     

10PCuRE耐候钢耐蚀锈层的电化学特征

利用干湿周浸实验室加速腐蚀方法获得了不同稀土含量10PCuRE耐候钢和碳钢的腐蚀率,采用测定带锈试样阳极极化曲线、弱极化区线性极化曲线和交流阻抗谱的方法评价了耐候钢和碳钢生成锈层的性能,从电化学角度解释了钢样耐蚀能力的差别,并且得出稀土在一定的含量范围内可以减小腐蚀驱动力,促进锈层稳定致密化的结论。     

Effect of MicroArea pH Value on Formation of Different Rust Phases of Weathering Steel in Initial Corrosion Period

 The formation of protective rust layer of atmospheric corrosion resistance was discussed for weathering steel. The Rust layers of experimental steels were made by using an accelerating industrial atmospheric corrosion test of dry-wet cyclic immersion. Furthermore XRD were used to measure and analyze the rust layers. The initial corrosion processes below thin water film were observed and the changes of micro-area PH value were measured. The results are as follows: The corrosion processes are obviously different between P-RE weathering steel and carbon steel. The surface of P-RE weathering steel rapidly forms α-FeOOH and the micro-area PH value is above 5.4 during the initial corrosion period. While the component of the rust layer for the carbon steel is mainly Fe3O4 and the micro-area PH value is below 3.8.     

300M超高强钢在中性盐雾环境中的腐蚀行为及机制

摘要：为了研究300M超高强钢在中性盐雾环境中的腐蚀行为及腐蚀机制，采用失重法，宏观、微观腐蚀形貌分析，三维表面轮廓分析及电化学分析的研究方法，来表征腐蚀实验现象并进行分析。结果表明：300M超高强钢在中性盐雾环境中的腐蚀产物为FeOOH、Fe2O3、Fe(OH)3和Fe3O4；腐蚀速率随着腐蚀时间逐渐降低，腐蚀后期（72h）腐蚀速率降低50%；腐蚀初期以点蚀为主，点蚀坑通过横向扩展，逐渐发展为后期的均匀腐蚀，腐蚀表面形貌呈沟壑状；外腐蚀层对基体的保护能力很弱，Cr元素在锈层靠近基体的一侧偏聚使内腐蚀层具有一定的抗腐蚀性。     

Influence of Alloying Elements Corrosion Resistance of Cold on Mechanical Properties and Rolled C-Mn-Si TRIP Steels

 The rust layer plays an important role in the corrosion of steel in chlorinated environments. Salt spray, potentiodynamic polarization curve and tensile test were conducted in laboratory for the specimens after two-stage heat treatment. The influence of the alloying elements on mechanical properties and corrosion resistance of three kinds of steels was investigated by observing the microstructure and the morphologies of rust layer. The results show that the highest value (29%) of total elongation for steel A is obtained. The mechanical property of the specimen for steel C exhibits best strength ductility balance (21384 MPa·%) because of the presence of the multiphase microstructures after a two-stage heat treatment and the addition of the alloying elements. The corrosion products are known to be a complex mixture of Fe3O4, Fe2O3 and α-FeOOH for steel C. The presence of the alloying elements results in the formation of compact and dense rust layers in steel B and C. Passive film protects the substrate of TRIP (transformation induced plasticity) steel containing a complex mix of multiphase. Superior corrosion performance is exhibited for steel C with low alloying contents due to the enrichment of alloying elements within the rust layers.     

低合金高强度耐候钢Corten Cr2的耐腐蚀性

通过盐雾箱加速腐蚀试验和交流阻抗的测试,研究了3mm板Corten A钢(/%:0.59C、0.16Si、0.31Mn、0.14P、0.009S、0.49Ni、0.52Cr、0.35Cu)和Corten Cr2钢(/%:0.59C、0.16Si、0.30Mn、0.14P、0.012S、1.00Ni、1.94Cr、0.36Cu)的耐腐蚀性,并用扫描电镜和能谱分析法分析了锈层、基体的组织、成分和耐蚀机理。结果表明,在5%氯化钠盐雾腐蚀120 h后Corten Cr2钢的平均腐蚀速率为Corten A钢的65.86%;Corten Cr2钢腐蚀层表面和钢板表面Cr原子百分比和氧化铬的富集程度均高于Corten A钢。     

超低碳高强度耐候钢腐蚀性能的研究

通过显微组织观察、周浸加速腐蚀试验、锈层微观分析、Χ射线衍射等方法,以商业CortenB钢为对比钢,研究了超低碳高强度耐候钢(ULCW)的腐蚀性能。结果表明:超低碳高强度耐候钢的耐腐蚀性能优于CortenB钢;ULCW钢在腐蚀过程中能快速形成致密锈层,提高了钢的耐腐蚀性能;ULCW钢锈层中保护性产物α-FeOOH的量明显多于CortenB钢,提高了对钢基体的保护作用。