Cr对低合金钢在流动NaCl溶液中耐蚀性的影响

对碳钢和Cr含量不同的实验钢在流速为0.8m/s的流动的3.5％(质量分数)NaCl溶液中的腐蚀行为进行研究,最长腐蚀周期为192h.对4种实验钢的腐蚀失重进行了比较,并利用动电位极化曲线、SEM、EPMA和TEM等分析手段,对实验钢表面形成锈层的特征进行了系统研究.结果表明,含Cr实验钢的腐蚀失重低于碳钢,并且随Cr的质量分数由0.5％提高至2％,腐蚀失重亦降低.Cr元素在内锈层中的富集是含Cr钢耐蚀性改善的重要原因.这种富集可使腐蚀产物颗粒获得细小的尺寸,致密内锈层形成的原因就是由于这种尺寸细小的腐蚀产物的形成,使内锈层的保护性获得明显的改善.     

低合金耐候钢在含氯离子环境中的腐蚀行为

利用干湿周浸加速腐蚀实验对比研究了低合金钢A588和SPA-H在含氯离子环境下腐蚀行为,并利用金相显微镜、扫描电镜、X射线衍射和电子探针等方法分析了Ni、Mn对于低合金钢腐蚀行为的影响.结果表明:实验钢锈层中的物质主要由α-FeOOH、γ-FeOOH和Fe₃O₄组成,但其含量存在差异;Ni元素在内锈层含量高于外锈层,Mn元素在锈层的孔洞处富集;内锈层的致密程度高于外锈层;提高合金元素Mn和Ni的含量,可以提高内锈层的致密性,从而提高低合金钢的耐蚀性能.      

含钼耐候钢的腐蚀性能

通过显微组织观察、周浸加速腐蚀实验、锈层微观分析、锈层交流阻抗特征分析等方法,研究了合金元素钼含量对耐候钢腐蚀性能的影响.合金元素钼可以促进钢中贝氏体组织的形成,促使锈层更加致密,对钢基体具有更好的保护性,有利于提高钢的耐腐蚀性能.随着钢中钼含量的增加,实验钢锈层的腐蚀电位正移,自腐蚀电流密度减小,锈层的阳极溶解反应受到明显阻碍,锈层具有更好的保护性.      

流动3.5%NaCl溶液中Cr对低合金钢锈层还原行为的影响

利用电化学极化曲线、EPMA、XRD以及XPS等方法,研究了3.5%(质量分数)NaCl流动溶液中碳钢及含Cr钢锈层的还原行为。试验结果表明,含Cr钢的腐蚀失重小于碳钢。随着腐蚀的进行,试验钢锈层中Fe~(3+)参与了阴极还原反应。Cr元素以Cr~(3+)的形式富集于试验钢内锈层中,提高了腐蚀过程中试验钢的自腐蚀电位,抑制了锈层中Fe~(3+)的还原,使内锈层中Fe_3O_4含量降低,降低了由于锈层还原造成的基体腐蚀。并且,锈层还原作用受到抑制降低了锈层的导电性,使锈层还原O_2的能力降低,进一步降低了基体的腐蚀。所以,在流动3.5%NaCl溶液中,Cr元素主要通过抑制电化学阴极反应改善试验钢的耐蚀性。     

SO_2对海洋大气环境中含铬耐候钢腐蚀行为的影响

为了研究工业大气污染对含铬耐候钢腐蚀行为的影响,经真空感应熔炼、轧制含铬和无铬两组耐候钢,以NaCl、NaHSO_3为腐蚀介质,通过干湿循环加速腐蚀试验、腐蚀失重分析并结合XRD、SEM等方法,分析对比了含铬耐候钢在含SO_2以及不含SO_2海洋大气环境中的腐蚀行为。结果表明,在Cl-、Cl-+SO_2环境下,铬均降低了钢的腐蚀深度,SO_2加重了钢的腐蚀。试验钢锈层均主要由α-FeOOH,β-FeOOH,γ-FeOOH和Fe_3O_4构成,质量分数有所区别;在Cl-+SO_2环境下,合金铬对α-FeOOH的形成有促进作用;SO_2明显抑制了含铬钢中β-FeOOH的形成,降低了γ-FeOOH和Fe3O4的质量分数,并促进了含铬钢中α-FeOOH的形成。单一Cl-环境中,含铬钢锈层有明显分层现象,外锈层疏松,内层致密;在Cl-+SO_2环境下,含铬钢锈层无明显分层现象。在Cl-+SO_2环境下,无铬钢中硫、氯元素富集于内锈层;含铬钢中铬在试验钢内锈层出现一定的富集,氯元素均匀分布于锈层中,硫元素在外锈层处富集。     

超低碳贝氏体钢(ULCB)和耐候钢 09CuPCrNi 的耐蚀性

通过周期性浸润腐蚀试验测定了ULCB钢(%:0.05C、1.61Mn、0.51Cu、0.17Cr、0.26Ni)和耐候钢09CuPCrNi(%:0.09C、0.35Mn、0.09P、0.31Cu、0.45Cr、0.31Ni)14 mm板的耐腐蚀性能,并用偏光显微镜,X-射线衍射仪和能谱仪等研究了耐蚀机理.结果表明,ULCB钢的耐腐蚀性能优于09CuPCrNi钢;发现两种钢均存在由α-FeOOH,β-FeOOH和Fe3O4组成致密的内锈层、由α-,β-FeOOH和Fe3O4组成的疏松外锈层;Cu和Cr合金元素在锈层和锈层-钢基体界面均存在富集现象.     

Cr元素对耐海水腐蚀钢腐蚀性能的影响探讨

在涟钢开发耐海水腐蚀钢过程中,为了解Cr元素对耐海水腐蚀钢腐蚀性能的影响,进行了不同成分试样耐海水腐蚀性能比较,通过室内加速实验、电化学和腐蚀产物分析等方法进行了耐海水腐蚀性能比较。通过试验得到在钢中加入合金元素Cr可以提高钢的耐腐蚀性能,因为在腐蚀过程中会形成含Cr2O3的致密的保护膜;合金元素Cr的加入会使钢发生点蚀。     

含Cu耐候钢中稀土对耐蚀性的影响研究

利用周期浸润加速腐蚀试验方法对10PCuRE和10PCu耐候钢进行了腐蚀试验.通过X射线衍射分析、电子探针和扫描电镜等手段对两种钢的表面锈层性能进行了研究,得到了10PCuRE钢致密锈层的种类、形成过程以及保护机理.通过对加稀土与未加稀土的耐候钢表面锈层的对比研究,可知10PCuRE钢的表面锈层比10PCu耐候钢的锈层要均匀致密,保护性能更好.稀土耐候钢的锈层分为两层,包括外锈层和均匀致密的内锈层,内锈层的组成相中超过80%为保护性的α-FeOOH.稀土促进了合金元素Cu在内锈层的富集,有利于保护性内锈层的生成,因而提高了钢基体的耐蚀性能.     

新型耐大气腐蚀性能钢板处理技术的开发

耐大气腐蚀钢是为提高耐大气腐蚀性能添加少量Cr、Cu、P、Ni合金元素的低合金钢,由于在其表面上形成致密而稳定的锈层,则是“具有控制锈层的钢材”.这种耐大气腐蚀性能用钢,1978年在桥梁被采用以来,大约经过20年,为试图控制不采用涂覆和降低维修费用,在实际应用方面逐渐增加.另一方面,目前正在研究耐大气腐蚀性能钢裸体使用时存在的问题和使用的界限.     

300M超高强钢在中性盐雾环境中的腐蚀行为及机制

摘要：为了研究300M超高强钢在中性盐雾环境中的腐蚀行为及腐蚀机制，采用失重法，宏观、微观腐蚀形貌分析，三维表面轮廓分析及电化学分析的研究方法，来表征腐蚀实验现象并进行分析。结果表明：300M超高强钢在中性盐雾环境中的腐蚀产物为FeOOH、Fe2O3、Fe(OH)3和Fe3O4；腐蚀速率随着腐蚀时间逐渐降低，腐蚀后期（72h）腐蚀速率降低50%；腐蚀初期以点蚀为主，点蚀坑通过横向扩展，逐渐发展为后期的均匀腐蚀，腐蚀表面形貌呈沟壑状；外腐蚀层对基体的保护能力很弱，Cr元素在锈层靠近基体的一侧偏聚使内腐蚀层具有一定的抗腐蚀性。     

Effect of Cr on Characteristic of Rust Layer Formed on Low Alloy Steel in Flow-accelerated Corrosion Environment

The flow-accelerated corrosion experiments were carried out to research the effect of Cr on the rust layers formed on the carbon steel and Cr-containing steel,as well as the structure of rust layer of the two experimental steels.The influence of Cr on the flow-accelerated corrosion resistance and the corrosion morphology of inner rust layer formed on the Cr-containing steel were studied by the methods of polarization curves,scanning electron microscope,transmission electron microscope,and X-ray photoelectron spectroscope.The distribution of Cr and its form of existence in the inner rust layer were analyzed.The results show that corroded mass loss of Cr-containing steel is lower than that of carbon steel and its inner rust layer is compact.Cr exists in the form of Fe2CrO4 and is enriched in the inner rust layer.This concentration could make the inner rust layer exhibit the tendency of amorphous.This phenomenon is related to fine Fe2CrO4.The inner rust layer becomes more compact because of the formation of fine Fe2CrO4,and the protectiveness of inner rust layer could be improved remarkably.     

Influence of Cr on reduction behavior of rust formed on low alloy steels in flowing 3. 5% NaCl solution

The reduction behavior of rust layer formed on carbon steel and on Cr- containing steels was investigated in flowing 3. 5mass% NaCl solution via potentiodynamic polarization curve, EPMA, XRD, and XPS. The results show that the weight loss of Cr- containing steels is lower than that of carbon steel. Fe3+ in the rust layer participated in the cathodic reaction with the corrosion process. Cr concentrated in the inner rust layer formed on the experimental steels, and exited in the form of Cr3+. This concentration behavior of Cr increases the corrosion potential of experimental steels and decreases the amount of Fe3O4 in the inner rust layer. Inhibition of reduction of rust results in a decrease of corrosion of metal. Moreover, inhibition of rust reduction suppresses the reduction reaction of oxygen, owing to the decrease of conductivity of rust layer. Therefore, the corrosion resistance of experimental steels can be improved by suppressing the cathodic reaction in flowing 3. 5 mass% NaCl solution.     

Corrosion Behavior of Rusted 550 MPa Grade Offshore Platform Steel

 The corrosion behavior of a rusted 550 MPa grade offshore platform steel in Cl- containing environment was investigated. The results revealed that the corrosion process can be divided into initial stage in which corrosion rate increased with accumulation of corrosion products and later stage in which homogeneous and compact rust layer started to protect steel substrate out of corrosion mediums. On the contrary, structural analysis of rust layers by X-ray diffraction showed that α-FeOOH increased from 1. 3% to 3. 6% and the Fe3O4 increased from 1. 0% to 1. 5% while γ-FeOOH reduced slightly according to corrosion time increased from 30 cycles to 73 cycles. The results of electron probe microanalysis indicated that Cr concentrated mainly in the inner region of the rust, inner/outer interface especially, whereas Ni and Cu were uniformly distributed all over the rust after 73 corrosion cycles. According to electrochemical measurements, it was found that the corrosion rate of rusted steel reduced from 0. 61 mm/a after 45 cycles to 0. 34 mm/a after 85 cycles, 44. 3% reduction approximately, and Rrust values increased with increment of corrosion time. Therefore, formation of compact inner rust layer and enrichment of Cr are important to improve corrosion resistance of offshore platform steel.     

稀土对低碳钢耐工业大气腐蚀性的影响

研究了在江津地区暴晒2年低碳钢和稀土钢的大气腐蚀行为。结果表明:稀土可以有效提高低碳钢耐工业大气腐蚀性,试验钢的腐蚀数据符合动力学模型D=Atn。采用扫描电镜、极化曲线、XRD及Fourier变换红外光谱等手段对腐蚀产物进行研究。发现稀土能促进稳定的保护性腐蚀产物α-FeOOH生成,降低锈层中具有反应活性的Fe3O4含量;并可以增加锈层致密性。从锈层反应的角度阐述了稀土提高低碳钢耐蚀性的机理。     

Effect of MicroArea pH Value on Formation of Different Rust Phases of Weathering Steel in Initial Corrosion Period

 The formation of protective rust layer of atmospheric corrosion resistance was discussed for weathering steel. The Rust layers of experimental steels were made by using an accelerating industrial atmospheric corrosion test of dry-wet cyclic immersion. Furthermore XRD were used to measure and analyze the rust layers. The initial corrosion processes below thin water film were observed and the changes of micro-area PH value were measured. The results are as follows: The corrosion processes are obviously different between P-RE weathering steel and carbon steel. The surface of P-RE weathering steel rapidly forms α-FeOOH and the micro-area PH value is above 5.4 during the initial corrosion period. While the component of the rust layer for the carbon steel is mainly Fe3O4 and the micro-area PH value is below 3.8.     

Corrosion Resistance on High Strength Bainitic Steel and 09CuPCrNi After Wet-Dry Cyclic Conditions

The accelerated wet-dry cyclic corrosion tests have been carried out of a high strength bainitic steel and 09CuPCrNi. The results indicated that the corrosion resistance of 09CuPCrNi was better than that of the bainitic steel based on the mass loss measurements. The morphology and composition of the rusting products have been investigated in order to realize the mechanism of rust formation on the two steels. The rust scale on both steels was composed of a dense inner layer and a loose outer layer. The inner layer grew thicker and denser as the test proceeding. Both of inner and outer layers were mainly composed of magnetite (Fe3O4) and maghemite (γ-Fe2O3) with a small amount of lepidocrocite (γ-FeOOH) and akaganeite (β-FeOOH). The rust phase of γ-Fe2O3 was detected in a higher amount of the inner layer, resulting in a much denser inner layer. The inner rust layer of 09CuPCrNi being denser and thicker than that of the high strength bainitic steel was attributed to the alloying elements such as copper, chromium and phosphorus enriched in it. The protective inner rust layer plays an important role in the corrosion resistance of the steel.     

Atmospheric Corrosion of Q235 Carbon Steel and Q450 Weathering Steel in Turpan,China

Q235 carbon steel and Q450 weathering steel were exposed to the hot and dry environment of Turpan, China for three years.The corrosion rates of both steels were calculated and compared.The morphologies of the rust layer products were observed by optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy.Analyses of the rust layers were performed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy,X-ray powder diffraction,and Raman spectroscopy,and anal-ysis results indicate that the compositions of rust are main iron rich oxide such as FeOOH,Fe3 O4 ,and Fe2 O3 .The iron oxide layer content proportion was calculated through a semi-quantitative algorithm.The resistance elements (Cr,Ni,and Cu)enhanced the resistance properties of the Q450 weathering steel matrix.Moreover,the resistance elements increased the proportion of goethite crystals in the corroded rust layer.     

Influence of Alloying Elements Corrosion Resistance of Cold on Mechanical Properties and Rolled C-Mn-Si TRIP Steels

 The rust layer plays an important role in the corrosion of steel in chlorinated environments. Salt spray, potentiodynamic polarization curve and tensile test were conducted in laboratory for the specimens after two-stage heat treatment. The influence of the alloying elements on mechanical properties and corrosion resistance of three kinds of steels was investigated by observing the microstructure and the morphologies of rust layer. The results show that the highest value (29%) of total elongation for steel A is obtained. The mechanical property of the specimen for steel C exhibits best strength ductility balance (21384 MPa·%) because of the presence of the multiphase microstructures after a two-stage heat treatment and the addition of the alloying elements. The corrosion products are known to be a complex mixture of Fe3O4, Fe2O3 and α-FeOOH for steel C. The presence of the alloying elements results in the formation of compact and dense rust layers in steel B and C. Passive film protects the substrate of TRIP (transformation induced plasticity) steel containing a complex mix of multiphase. Superior corrosion performance is exhibited for steel C with low alloying contents due to the enrichment of alloying elements within the rust layers.     

Effect of microstructure on corrosion behavior of low carbon high chrome steel

The two types of microstructure of low carbon and high chromium steel (5Cr) were obtained through the test smelting, rolling and quenching after rolling.Corrosion performance of 5 mass%Cr steel and Q235 steel were researched by means of cyclic wetting and drying corrosion test in 2 mass% NaCl solution.Corrosion behavior and corrosion rust layers were analyzed by OM, SEM, EDS, XRD, cyclic wetting and drying corrosion tester and electrochemical testing. The results show that after the specimens were immersed and etched in 2 mass% NaCl solution for 72h, the different microstructures of 5Cr steel have great influence on the resistance to chloride ion corrosion. B+F+M microstructure of 5Cr steel shows lower corrosion rate than Q235 steel, 5Cr steel with martensite microstructure also shows lower corrosion rate than Q235 steel. Corrosion susceptibility of 5Cr steel with martensite structure is weaker than complex organization.The stratification of chromium oxide, oxyhydroxide, and iron oxide exists in the chromium- containing steel rust layer, in which the Cr enrichment maximum value is 17 mass%, and the lowest is 1 mass%.Lath martensite formed by quenching process makes the corrosion potential rise, ??- FeOOH and ??- FeOOH form. Bainite+ferrite phase and adverse phenomenon of Cr steel may cause the poor corrosion resistance.