纤维钛酸钡与纳米钛酸铅和氧化锆的复合烧结及物相分析

纤维状钛酸钡具有高度单轴定向性,纳米粉钛酸铅具有高比表面积、高活性。本文将纤维钛酸钒与纳米钛酸铅、氧化锆复合,利用纤维定向和纳米添隙及活性制备新型功能陶瓷锆复合,利用纤维定向和纳米添隙及活性制备新型功能陶瓷通过ＸＲＤ、ＳＥＭ等分析方法对材料的物相组成和显微结构进行分析,结果表明纳米粉与纤维发生固溶,使主晶相钛酸钒纤维的晶面间距发生改变,但纤维的定向性仍然存在。     

纳米钛酸钡掺杂聚酰亚胺基高介电复合薄膜的制备及性能

采用原位聚合法和高速砂磨法制备了纳米钛酸钡/聚酰亚胺高介电常数复合薄膜,分析了不同制备方法及钛酸钡粉体用量对复合薄膜结构和性能的影响。实验结果表明,高速砂磨法对于纳米钛酸钡粉体的分散效果优于原位分散法;钛酸钡粉体的引入,有效提高了复合薄膜的热稳定性和介电性能。当粉体的体积分数达到50%时,复合薄膜介电常数相较于纯膜提高了10倍,而介电损耗只有少量增加。     

阻抗渐变低介电BaTiO_3/PVDF复合纤维膜的设计与电纺制备

阻抗渐变材料在医用可穿戴设备中起着重要作用。为了实现不同材料之间的相互匹配特性,低介电阻抗渐变材料的研究尤为重要。利用静电纺丝的方法,设计制备了具有阻抗渐变性的低介电钛酸钡(BaTiO3)/聚偏氟乙烯(PVDF)复合纤维膜。结果表明:BaTiO3纳米粒子可在纤维网络中均匀分布,通过调节其质量分数,能够有效调节BaTiO3/PVDF复合纤维膜的介电常数在1~7的范围内,BaTiO3/PVDF复合纤维膜对不同的电场频率具有不敏感性。BaTiO3/PVDF复合纤维膜还具有良好的力学性能,能够有效满足可穿戴设备的材料需求。     

介电温度稳定型钛酸钡基陶瓷的研究进展

综述了介电温度稳定型钛酸钡基陶瓷的研究进展.概述了钛酸钡粉体的常用制备方法、改善介电温度稳定性的主要方法,以及低温烧结钛酸钡基陶瓷的研究现状.最后展望了介电温度稳定型钛酸钡基陶瓷的发展趋势和研究方向.     

微波法制备纳米钛酸钡粉体及其表征

为了探寻价廉、高效合成纳米钛酸钡粉体的方法,以TiCl4和BaCl2为主要原料,采用微波法一步合成纳米钛酸钡粉体,采用X射线衍射谱、扫描电镜、漫反射吸收谱、介电损耗谱和热重-差热分析对钛酸钡粉体进行表征。结果表明,合成的钛酸钡粉体为纯的立方相纳米粉体,颗粒大小均匀,分散性好,晶粒度约为90 nm;纳米钛酸钡粉体的禁带宽度为3.4 eV,具有良好的介电性能;纳米钛酸钡粉体中立方相BaTiO3在1 000℃煅烧后才有部分转化成四方相BaTiO3,表现出良好的热稳定性。     

改性钛酸钡/聚间苯二甲酰间苯二胺复合薄膜的制备与介电性能

通过在钛酸钡纳米颗粒表面羟基化处理后用十八烷基异氰酸酯进行化学接枝改性,然后将改性后的钛酸钡纳米粒子加入到聚间苯二甲酰间苯二胺(PMIA)浆液中,采用刮涂法制得耐高温的高性能PMIA介电复合薄膜。通过红外研究了复合粒子表面官能团变化;通过热重研究复合薄膜和复合粒子的热稳定性;利用X射线光电子能谱分析材料的元素成分和相关的化学键种类,表明十八烷基异氰酸酯成功地接枝到纳米钛酸钡表面;通过扫描电镜研究了复合薄膜的断面形貌,表明经过改性后的纳米钛酸钡改善了其与PMIA基体的相容性;通过宽频介电阻抗谱仪研究不同条件下复合薄膜的介电性能变化。结果表明,当改性钛酸钡纳米粒子质量分数为15%时,复合薄膜的介电常数是纯PMIA膜的5.4倍,同时保持了较低的介电损耗;同时,当温度到达120℃时,复合薄膜依然保持了良好的介电性能,能满足高温环境的应用要求。     

湿化学法制备超细钛酸钡粉体的研究进展

钛酸钡是一种重要的功能介电材料，近年来对其合成技术的研究发展十分迅速。综述了几种液相法合成钛酸钡粉体的工艺及其影响因素，比较了各种方法的优缺点，并介绍了几种新型的合成方法。     

常规烧结和微波烧结的钛酸钡陶瓷介电和铁电性比较研究

采用溶胶-凝胶法制备钛酸钡粉体作为原料,分别采用常规马弗炉和家用微波炉烧结成陶瓷,研究其晶体结构,比较了两种烧结方式制备的钛酸钡陶瓷的介电和铁电性。结果表明:溶胶-凝胶法制备的钛酸钡粉体为单一赝立方相;采用家用微波炉可烧结得到致密的、单一四方相的钛酸钡陶瓷;微波烧结制备的钛酸钡陶瓷在居里点处的介电峰值远低于常规烧结的钛酸钡陶瓷;微波烧结工艺可使钛酸钡陶瓷在低频下(<800 Hz)的介质损耗有一定程度的降低;微波烧结的钛酸钡陶瓷的剩余极化强度和矫顽场强较常规烧结小。     

掺镍对钛酸钡陶瓷结构及介电性能的影响

采用溶胶-凝胶(Sol-gel)法制备均匀掺镍钛酸钡纳米晶粉体及其陶瓷.通过XRD和SEM对掺镍钛酸钡粉体及陶瓷进行表征,并测定陶瓷的介电性能,主要研究掺镍量对钛酸钡陶瓷的相组成、显微组织和介电性能的影响.结果表明:采用Sol-gel法制得掺镍钛酸钡基纳米晶立方相粉体(25nm),经烧结后可得到四方相钛酸钡.氧化镍在钛酸钡陶瓷中的溶解限约为0.9 at.%(约为固相掺杂时的2倍);掺镍量低于此溶解限时,随着掺镍量的增大,陶瓷晶粒的长大趋势受到抑制,陶瓷的居里温度降低;当掺镍量高于此溶解限时,陶瓷晶粒长大,陶瓷的居里温度保持在85℃;随掺镍量的增加,陶瓷最大介电常数εm呈先增大后减小的趋势.     

炭黑粒子表面改性及其电磁特性研究

采用溶胶-凝胶法制备钛酸钡改性炭黑的复合粒子,并观察和分析了改性后粒子的颗粒结构、体电阻率和介电性能.经XRD分析可知复合粒子中存在钛酸钡和炭黑;TEM和SEM研究表明,通过溶胶-凝胶法在炭黑表面包覆了钛酸钡绝缘层,从而使得改性后的炭黑粒子之间不能建立发达的导电网络,复合粒子导电性能降低.研究表明钛酸钡改性对复合粒子的电导率和介电性能有着重要影响.     

Insertion of triangulated surfaces into a meccano tetrahedral discretization by means of mesh refinement and optimization procedures

In this paper, we present a new method for inserting several triangulated surfaces into an existing tetrahedral mesh generated by the meccano method. The result is a conformal mesh where each inserted surface is approximated by a set of faces of the final tetrahedral mesh. First, the tetrahedral mesh is refined around the inserted surfaces to capture their geometric features. Second, each immersed surface is approximated by a set of faces from the tetrahedral mesh. Third, following a novel approach, the nodes of the approximated surfaces are mapped to the corresponding immersed surface. Fourth, we untangle and smooth the mesh by optimizing a regularized shape distortion measure for tetrahedral elements in which we move all the nodes of the mesh, restricting the movement of the edge and surface nodes along the corresponding entity they belong to. The refining process allows approximating the immersed surface for any initial meccano tetrahedral mesh. Moreover, the proposed projection method avoids computational expensive geometric projections. Finally, the applied simultaneous untangling and smoothing process delivers a high‐quality mesh and ensures that the immersed surfaces are interpolated. Several examples are presented to assess the properties of the proposed method.     

Certification Institutions Expected to Update and Transfer Information on Present Standards

Standards are the basis for production enterprises to organize production, ex-factory inspection, trade (delivery) and technical exchanges, product certification, quality arbitration and supervision.……     

Flow calorimeter for enthalpy increment measurements on condensed gases

A flow calorimeter for enthalpy increment measurements on condensed gases is presented. A better knowledge of the properties of the liquefied natural gas is needed, and therefore a liquid loop has been designed for our flow calorimeter. The fluid loop in the calorimeter is designed in order to avoid the two-phase region, since two phases would give compositional disturbances in the measurements. The avoidance of the two-phase region is made possible by increasing the pressure of the test fluid after the measurement section, then heating the fluid at super-critical pressure past the critical point. Finally, the fluid is throttled to the low-pressure gas state at the inlet condition of the compressor that circulates the fluid. To perform the pressure increase, a new cryogenic pump has been designed. To evaluate the new equipment, measurements were taken on liquid ethane over the temperature range 146–256 K at pressure between 0.9 and 5.1 MPa.     

Refrigerators Enter a New Era of Health Preservation Frestech initiates the establishment of China's first standard for household sterilization refrigerators

On November 30, 2007, the China Association for Standardization (CAS) held a press conference at Beijing Diaoyutai State Guest House. Leaders from the China Household Electric Appliance Research Institute, the China Household Electric Appliance Association, and the China Consumers' Association attended and made speeches.……     

Optimum-Simulation von Ernteprozessen

Zusammenfassung Bei der Gestaltung von Ernteprozessen — beispielsweise des Prozesses Mähdrusch, Körnertransport und -abnahme — als transportverbundene Fließarbeitsverfahren mit mindestens zwei verschiedenen Arbeitsmitteln gibt es einen großen Optimierungsspielraum. Solche Prozesse sind mehrstufige Bedienungsprozesse mit gemischter Anordnung der Bedienungseinrichtungen. Außerdem besitzen sie stark ausgeprägte räumliche Aspekte. Es wird vor allem gezeigt, welche Merkmale solcher Prozesse in Simulationsmodellen abgebildet sein müssen, welche Zielgrößen in Abhängigkeit von welchen Einflußgrößen unter Berücksichtigung welcher Prozeßbedingungen ermittelt werden sollten und wie der Bewertungsprozeß zur Ermittlung der gewünschten Informationen gestaltet werden muß.     

A study of centrifugal cast high boron high speed steel

In the present study a high‐boron high speed steel (HSS) roll material was designed. Many expensive alloy elements have been substituted by cheap boron alloy, and high‐boron high speed steel roll has been manufactured by centrifugal casting method. The microstructures, mechanical properties and wear resistance of centrifugal casting high‐boron high speed steel roll have been investigated by optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and X‐ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, hardness test, impact test and wear test. The results indicated that the solidification microstructures of high‐boron high speed steel roll consisted of M₂(B,C), (W,Mo)₂(B,C), M₃(B,C), M₂₃(B,C)₆ type borocarbides and martensite, a small amount of retained austenite. Borocarbides were continuously distributed over the grain boundary. After quenching from 1050 °C, local broken network appeared in partial borocarbides, and fine secondary borocarbide precipitated from the matrix. After tempering from 525 °C, the amount of precipitated borocarbide increased significantly. After heat treatment, the hardness of high‐boron high speed steel roll excelled 60 HRC, and its impact toughness excelled 8.0 J/cm². The single groove steel rolling amount of high‐boron high speed steel rolls increases by 500% than that of bainite cast iron roll, when the rolls are used in K₁ mill housing of bar mill.     

Thixotropy of Systems with Shear Thinning and Plastic Flow Behavior

The definition of the thixotropy is a decrease in viscosity with time in shear and a subsequent recovery of viscosity after the shear deformation is removed.We ...     

Brainstorming for ISO Strategy 2016-2020

正Responding to ISO’s appeal for survey for the to-be-developed ISO Strategy Plan for 2016-2020,SAC hosted a special workshop over the needs and comments of various fi elds on June 8 in Beijing.The workshop was attended by ISO President-elect and Ansteel General Manager Zhang Xiaogang,SAC Vice-Administrator Yu Xinli,and 30 experts from     

CNAS Passes APLAC's PTP Review

正The review group of Asia Pacific Laboratory Accreditation Cooperation(APLAC)carried out a 4-day peer review of the proficiency testing provider(PTP)for China National Accreditation Service for Conformity Assessment(CNAS)from July 28 to 31,2014.CNAS passed the PTP review with excellent performance.Two senior peer reviewers of APLAC made a comprehensive,rigorous and detailed review of CNAS’s PTP accreditation activities,and made the on-spot inspection of the review groups in Shanghai and Shenzhen respectively.