Hybrid ring coupler for W-band MMIC applications using MEMS technology

The hybrid ring coupler was designed and fabricated on a GaAs substrate using surface micromachining techniques, which adopted dielectric-supported air-gapped microstrip line (DAML) structure. The fabrication process of DAML is compatible with the standard monolithic microwave integrated circuit (MMIC) techniques, and the hybrid ring coupler can be simply integrated into a plane-structural MMIC. The fabricated hybrid ring coupler shows wideband characteristics of the coupling loss of 3.57 /spl plusmn/ 0.22dB and the transmission loss of 3.80 /spl plusmn/ 0.08dB across the measured frequency range of 85 to 105GHz. The isolation characteristics and output phase differences are -34dB and 180/spl plusmn/1/spl deg/, at 94GHz, respectively.     

Q 波段波导环形电桥的设计与实现

本文介绍了一种采用波导来实现的环形电桥的设计与实现方法。它是在基于微带环形电桥的奇偶模分析的基 础上,用矩形波导代替微带线,实现了Q 波段的环形电桥,环路电桥的输入输出端口均为BJ400 波导。其中为了改 善输入端口的反射,在输入端口的不连续性处加入了一个销钉,销钉的尺寸由HFSS 优化仿真确定。实测结果得到, 在43-46GHz 范围内,环形电桥的反射小于-20dB,输出端口的传输系数均大于-3.4dB,隔离度大于20dB。从测量结 果可以看出,与微带线的实现方式相比,波导环形电桥具有更小的传输损耗。     

Optimal design of the T-knot “knot reactance” effect in 3-dB microstrip hybrid ring

We study the T-knot “knot reactance” effect of 3-dB microstrip hybrid ring in experimental and theoretical analysis based on microwave network theory and the parity mode analysis method. Experimental results show that the modified microstrip hybrid ring's overall performance has been improved. So the feasibility of amend method is proved, which lays a foundation to further optimize the design of the hybrid ring.     

A novel dual-mode bandpass filter with wide stopband using the properties of microstrip open-loop resonator

A novel dual-mode microstrip square loop resonator is proposed using the slow-wave and dispersion features of the microstrip slow-wave open-loop resonator. It is shown that the designed and fabricated dual-mode microstrip filter has a wide stopband including the first spurious resonance frequency. Also, it has a size reduction of about 50% at the same center frequency, as compared with the dual-mode bandpass filters such as microstrip patch, cross-slotted patch, square loop, and ring resonator filter.     

New Optically Controlled Frequency-Agile Microstrip Antenna

A novel class of microstrip antennas composed of organic semiconductor polymer [poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT)] is proposed for frequency sweeping applications. The permittivity of the P3HT film is measured using the reflective coaxial method for illuminated and nonilluminated states. Resonant frequencies of the proposed antennas instantly change on changing the optical illumination intensity from an adjustable white-light source. Two different antenna configurations (square and square ring) are designed and tested experimentally. The square ring antenna is able to sweep a broader frequency band (1.5 GHz). The gain and radiation efficiency of the proposed square antenna are compared with the corresponding copper microstrip antenna. The proposed antennas have acceptable resonant and radiation characteristics, albeit with modest radiation efficiency.     

A reduced-size dual-mode bandpass filter with capacitively loaded open-loop arms

A novel type of dual-mode microstrip bandpass filter using degenerate modes of a dual-mode microstrip square loop resonator with capacitively loaded open-loop arms is proposed. Such a dual-mode bandpass filter with a 0.75% bandwidth at the center frequency of 1.603 GHz is designed and fabricated to demonstrate the design of reduced-size microstrip filters. It is shown that the proposed filter has a size reduction of about 59% at the same center frequency, as compared with the dual-mode bandpass filters such as microstrip patch, cross-slotted patch, square loop and ring resonator filter.     

Dual-mode microstrip bandpass filter using ring of arrows resonator

A dual-mode microstrip bandpass filter using the degenerate modes of a modified square ring structure is proposed. The size of the new structure is 50% less than conventional dual-mode bandpass microstrip square resonator filters at the same centre frequency. Measurements are in good agreement with designed values.     

微波3dB微带双分支定向耦合器的小型化

分析理论上的3dB微带双分支线定向耦合的S参量特性。在此基础上,用接开路线的方法对标准3dB微带双分支线定向耦合器小型化,用奇偶模分析方法分析理论S参量特性,应用微带电路仿真软件ADS进行仿真,比较理论分析计算绘制的S参量特性曲线与仿真获得的S参量特性曲线,设计出小型化的微波频域3dB微带双分支线定向耦合器。     

Low-cost monopulse antenna using bi-directionally-fed microstrip patch array

A new technique for realising a simple low-cost monopulse antenna using a symmetrical bi-directionally-fed microstrip patch array is described. The antenna is designed and demonstrated at Ka-band. Two squinted beams are radiated from a bi-directionally fed microstrip patch array, and a sum/difference pattern is synthesised using the in-phase and out-of-phase signals achieved using a hybrid ring coupler. The measured return loss is better than 10 dB at the sum and difference port, and the depth at broadside is more than 30 dB.     

A novel microstrip ring hybrid incorporating a PBG cell

An experimental investigation of a novel compact microstrip 180° ring hybrid incorporating a one-dimensional (1-D) slow-wave structure, in the form of perforations on the ring itself, is presented. The size of the hybrid is reduced by 23% due to the slow-wave effect, and this size reduction technique has potential applications in MICs and MMICs. The measured insertion loss is comparable to that of a conventional microstrip hybrid     

Microstrip ring resonator for soil moisture measurements

Development of a successful remote sensing instrument for soil moisture relies on the accurate knowledge of the soil dielectric constant (ϵ_soil) to its moisture content. Two existing methods for measurement of dielectric constant of soil at low and high frequencies are, respectively, the time domain reflectometry and the reflection coefficient measurement using an open-ended coaxial probe. The major shortcoming of these methods is the lack of accurate determination of the imaginary part of E_soil. In this paper, a microstrip ring resonator is proposed for the accurate measurement of soil dielectric constant. In this technique the microstrip ring resonator is placed in contact with soil medium and the real and imaginary parts of E_soil are determined from the changes in the resonant frequency and the quality factor of the resonator, respectively. The solution of the electromagnetic problem is obtained using a hybrid approach based on the method of moments solution of the quasistatic formulation in conjunction with experimental data obtained from reference dielectric samples. Also, a simple inversion algorithm for E_soil=E^'_r-jϵE^"_r based on regression analysis is obtained. It is shown that the wide dynamic range of the measured quantities provides excellent accuracy in the dielectric constant measurement. A prototype microstrip ring resonator at L-band is designed and measurements of soil with different moisture contents are presented and compared with other approaches     

一种新型微带/槽线混合结构的宽带魔T

提出一种新型宽带平面魔T结构,该魔T基于传统的微带混合环的原理设计而成,为扩展工作频带,采用了微带-槽线混合结构,通过将槽线T接头功分器的反相输出特性与微带T接头功分器的同相输出特性相结合,从而实现两输出端口的宽带和/差输出。测量数据表明该魔T结构可实现超过25%的相对工作带宽(输入端口回波损耗低于-10dB),在工作频带(4.3~5.6GHz)内,其传输插损小于1dB,两对隔离端口的隔离度分别为-30dB和-20dB。     

A C/ka dual frequency dual Layer circularly polarized reflectarray antenna with microstrip ring elements

This paper reports a dual frequency dual layer circularly polarized reflectarray operating in the C and Ka bands. A 0.5-m right-hand circularly polarized planar reflectarray antenna is designed using microstrip ring elements of variable rotations to achieve a cophasal beam at broadside. The microstrip ring elements are more compact than the traditional reflectarray elements and can minimize blockage for the multilayer multifrequency applications. The highest efficiencies measured are 46% at 7.3 GHz and 38% at 31.75 GHz. The tested cross-polarization levels are -21 dB at 7.3 GHz and -29.2 dB at 31.75 GHz at the broadside direction. The tested results show that the designed ring element is suitable for both the single and dual layer applications with good bandwidth and circularly polarized performance.     

具有谐波抑制功能的多极化微带天线阵设计

本文提出了一种基于切换馈电网络的极化可重构微带天线阵。阵列单元采用正方形辐射贴片,利用微带线缝隙耦合进行馈电,通过在馈电结构中心加载短路柱,可获得宽带性能的同时,有效抑制偶次谐波。综合采用串联组阵和并联组阵技术,优化设计了一款2×2的天线阵列,将阵列端口分别与微带分支线耦合器及微带混合环相连,最终实现了水平和垂直线极化,左旋和右旋圆极化四种模式的切换。实验结果表明,所提出的天线在ISM频段2.4~2.5 GHz频率范围内获得了良好的匹配和多极化特性。该天线阵设计简单、易于操作,可潜在应用于无线通信系统中天线极化分集的场合。     

Low-threshold InGaAsP ring lasers fabricated using bi-level dryetching

We report a novel bi-level etching technique that permits the use of standard photolithography for coupling to deeply etched ring resonator structures. The technique is employed to demonstrate InGaAsP laterally coupled racetrack ring resonators laser with record low threshold currents of 66 mA. The racetrack laser have curved sections of 150-μm radius with negligible bending loss. The lasers operate continuous-wave single mode up to nearly twice threshold with a 26-dB side-mode-suppression ratio. Bi-level etching is of interest for fabrication of mesoscopic or microcavity photonic resonator structures without relying on submicrometer processing     

W 波段检波器的研究与设计

本文介绍了一种中心频率为94GHz,带宽为4GHz,应用检波二极管制作的微带检波器的设计方法。该检波器输入端口为WRl0标准矩形波导,输出为SMA接头,通过对脊鳍线渐变的方式实现波导到微带的过渡。设计出的检波器为负向检波,当输入功率为-20dBm时,在中心频率处测的电压灵敏度大于320mV/mW。     

近场聚焦微带阵列天线研究

设计了一个近场聚焦(NFF[1] )环形微带阵列天线,环上的微带贴片单元均采用同轴线馈电,工作频 率为2. 45GHz。该天线通过控制相邻两个环之间的距离,使相邻两环上的微带单元到达焦点的距离相差一个波长来 实现聚焦,继而探讨了调节两圆环之间的距离和增加圆环数目对焦斑尺寸的影响。利用HFSS 和CST 等电磁仿真软 件对天线进行仿真,并做出实物进行测试,仿真和测试结果表明:环形微带阵列天线可以很好地实现聚焦,并且随着 两环之间距离的减小和圆环数目的增多,焦斑的尺寸越来越小,从而实现在微波热疗等领域的应用。     

374~747 MHz数字可调谐微带滤波器

通过在微带开口谐振环加载数字可调电容,设计了一种新颖数字微带可调滤波器,同时提出了新型的非均匀开口谐振环混合耦合结构,使谐振器间耦合系数随谐振频率的降低而增大,实现恒定绝对带宽可调滤波器。接着对所提出的基于5 bit数字可调电容的数字可调微带滤波器进行了仿真和制作,测试表明,其通带中心频率可实现374~747 MHz可调,?3 dB绝对带宽在44~67 MHz之间变化,OIP3大于50 dBm。     

Slow-wave EBG microstrip rat-race hybrid ring

A new type of slow-wave EBG microstrip rat-race hybrid ring is presented. It effectively reduces the occupied area to 11% of the conventional rat-race hybrid ring. It does not need any impedance transformers on the ports.     

Slow-wave bandpass filters using ring or stepped-impedance hairpinresonators

This paper proposes a new class of slow-wave bandpass filters that uses a microstrip line periodically loaded with microstrip ring or stepped-impedance hairpin resonators. The new slow-wave periodic structures utilize the parallel and series resonance characteristics of the resonators to construct a bandpass filter. Unlike conventional slow-wave filters, the proposed bandpass filters are designed to produce a narrow passband at the fundamental mode of the resonators. The new filters provide lower insertion loss than that of parallel- or cross-coupled ring and stepped-impedance hairpin bandpass filters. The calculated frequency responses of the filters agree well with experiments