反射型胆甾相液晶显示器件多畴结构的形成及相变的研究

主要讨论了采用摩擦工艺形成的胆甾相液晶显示器件的多畴结构。研究在电场作用下多畴结构胆甾相液晶显示器件相变,包括平面织构态（P态）到焦锥织构态（FC态）的相变;场致向列态（H态）到P态和FC态的相变。通过显微镜下液晶屏的上电观察,调节脉冲数量和幅度,得到P态FC态和H态之间相变的微观过程,得出胆甾相液晶相变的过程和规律,为实际工艺制作提供了理论指导。     

液晶光阀管大屏幕电视的研究

我们使场致胆甾相-向列相相转变液晶和电子束光阀管相匹配,获得了能满足电视信号要求的液晶光阀管快速图象。图象的分辨率可达300线以上,亮度对比度达15:1。     

紫外吸收染料诱导的具有宽波反射特性的胆甾相液晶聚合物薄膜

利用紫外光吸收染料诱导胆甾相液晶体系形成螺距梯度,制备了具有宽波反射特性的胆甾相液晶聚合物薄膜。研究表明,由于紫外光吸收染料的存在,在紫外光诱导聚合的过程中,在复合材料中将形成紫外光强度梯度,进而形成手性单体的浓度梯度,最终制备了可反射可见光区红蓝绿三色光的胆甾相液晶聚合物薄膜。扫描电镜测试结果表明,胆甾相液晶聚合物薄膜的断面形貌具有螺距的梯度分布。该类材料在可调控光的智能玻璃和光学元器件等领域具有应用潜力。     

柔性单体分子聚合物稳定胆甾相正相式液晶光阀

聚合物稳定胆甾相正模式液晶光阀通常使用刚性单体分子制作。然而使用柔性单体分子制作光阀,同样可以获得良好的电光特性,制作成本云可大大降低。实验证明胆甾相液晶与聚合物材料配比对液晶光阀的电光特性有很大影响。当电场加到柔性单体分子制作的光阀上时,液晶分子通过一个两阶段过程达到垂直取向态。并且光阀恢复到零场时的光学特性取于电场归零的速率。     

改变直流电场方向调控聚合物稳定胆甾相液晶的反射带隙

具有宽带反射特性的胆甾相液晶在众多领域有广泛的应用前景。为了拓展调控反射带隙的方法,实现在所需波谱范围内的带隙调控,本文通过添加紫外吸收染料,制备了一种聚合物网络梯度分布的新型聚合物稳定胆甾相液晶器件。实验结果表明,聚合物网络的梯度分布使液晶盒上下表面附近的聚合物网络弹性产生了显著的差异,因此,其电诱导的反射带隙拓宽可以改变直流电场的方向进行调谐。当液晶盒厚度为40μm,染料浓度为1.2%的PSCLC,在施加12V的直流电场时,面向光源为正极时的反射带隙位于570～778nm,改变电场方向后,反射带隙红移至598～816nm。这项研究为宽带反射胆甾相液晶材料提供了一种新的策略,在智能窗户、激光防护、数据存储等方面具有潜在的应用。     

染料掺杂胆甾相液晶激光器的特性研究

研制了染料掺杂胆甾相液晶激光器,测试分析了器件激光输出特性。将激光染料DCM、手性剂S-811、液晶TEB30A按一定比例混合,注入摩擦取向的液晶盒中,形成平面态排列的胆甾相液晶激光器件。利用532 nm波段的Nd:YAG脉冲倍频激光泵浦液晶器件,获得了禁带边沿激光输出,测量分析了激光能量阈值特性与激光光斑能量分布特点。液晶激光器在光子禁带边沿607 nm和680 nm处获得激光输出,线宽小于0.5 nm。在液晶器件中,光子禁带边缘处光子态密度最大,此处器件阈值较低,容易产生激光辐射。     

二向色性偶氮染料掺杂胆甾相液晶光阀的电光性能研究

为了制得既能够提供黑色同时又具备高透过率的光阀,本文制备了一种能在反射态和透明态之间切换的主动电场可控性液晶光阀。该光阀主要选用3种偶氮类二向色性染料掺杂螺距位于红外区的胆甾相液晶,并详细地研究了螺距对液晶光阀电光性能的影响。实验结果表明:随着螺距的增大,Vth、Vsat和ton均逐渐减小,其中,最大的Vth和Vsat分别仅为6V和20V左右,ton也仅为0.878ms,并且该薄膜的透过率在电场的作用下可达80%以上。因此,所制备的DDCLC薄膜既满足了透明显示面板高透过率的要求,又提高了其能见度。     

液晶、显示材料

0207972柔性单体分子聚合物稳定胆甾相正模式液晶光阀[刊]/陈嵘//液晶与显示.—2001,16(4).—306～311(E)聚合物稳定胆甾相正模式液晶光阀通常使用刚性单体分子制作,然而使用柔性单体分子制作光阀,同样可以获得良好的电光特性,制作成本却可大大降低。实验证明胆甾相液晶与聚合物单体材料配比对液晶光     

光调谐的胆甾相液晶应用的发展

胆甾相液晶具有自发的螺旋排列,是一个有趣又引人入胜的手性超分子各向异性体系。近几年胆甾相液晶体系,特别是光调谐的胆甾相液晶在新领域的应用出现令人欣喜的研究结果。本文综述了近几年光调谐的胆甾相液晶在滤波、液晶光栅以及液晶激光中的研究成果。具有光调谐特性胆甾相液晶在特殊需求的光学器件中的应用将是胆甾相液晶研究的一个很有潜力的研究方向。     

聚合电场频率对聚合物稳定胆甾相液晶光电性能的影响

研究了聚合时外加电场对聚合物稳定胆甾相液晶(PSCT)光电性能的影响。采用紫外光聚合诱导相分离法(PIPS)制备了聚合物稳定胆甾相液晶,通过改变光聚合时的外加电场频率控制聚合物网络结构,改善PSCT的光电性能。结果表明:电场频率影响聚合单体的扩散,从而影响聚合物网络形貌。聚合电场频率低,聚合单体扩散快,形成的聚合网络疏松,网孔较大,响应速度慢,关态透过率大,阈值和饱和电压小;聚合电场频率高,阻碍单体的扩散,形成的聚合物网络致密,网孔较小,响应速度快,关态透过率低,阈值电压和饱和电压大。     

Solar Energy Collectors with Tunable Transmission

A new type of “smart” window is proposed that makes use of fluorescent dye guests in a liquid‐crystal host sandwiched between glass panels. The dye absorbs a variable amount of light depending on its orientation, and re‐emits this light, of which a significant fraction is trapped by total internal reflection at the glass–air interface, and becomes concentrated along the edges. Such a device could both generate electricity via an attached photovoltaic as well as allow user control of the amount of transmitted light. By applying a voltage across the cell, absorption could be varied 31%, while the usable light output only varied 11% due to the increased efficiency of light collection at homeotropic dye orientation.     

Switching of Electrically Responsive,Light‐Sensitive Colloidal Suspensions of Anisotropic Pigment Particles

An unusual electro‐optical behavior of colloidal suspensions of dichroic, elongated (rod‐shaped) pigment particles is reported. These suspensions exhibit nematic liquid crystal order at low volume fraction of the suspended particles (<15 wt%) and show a strong electric and optical response to an external electric field. Additionally, the characteristics of the optical response can be reversibly manipulated by illuminating the sample with light in its absorption band. The suspensions show a number of interesting phenomena like homeotropic‐planar orientational transitions and light‐induced pattern formation.     

Electro‐optical Materials: Switching of Electrically Responsive,Light‐Sensitive Colloidal Suspensions of Anisotropic Pigment Particles (Adv. Funct. Mater. 3/2011)

An unusual electro‐optical behavior of colloidal suspensions of dichroic, elongated (rod‐shaped) pigment particles is reported. These suspensions exhibit nematic liquid crystal order at low volume fraction of the suspended particles (<15 wt%) and show a strong electric and optical response to an external electric field. Additionally, the characteristics of the optical response can be reversibly manipulated by illuminating the sample with light in its absorption band. The suspensions show a number of interesting phenomena like homeotropic‐planar orientational transitions and light‐induced pattern formation.     

弱锚定条件下混合排列向列液晶显示的动态响应

研究了弱锚定条件下混合排列向列液晶显示动响应。具体研究沿面排列处为弱锚定,垂面排列处为强锚定的ＨＡＮ盒。讨论了响应速度与锚定强度系数之间的关系。     

Photoresistance and photo induced current hysteresis in bulk heterojunction systems P3HT–PCBM–polymethine dye

Organic dyes can be used as a polar dipole component to create strong local electrical field and promote exciton dissociation in polymer bulk heterojunction (BHJ) solar cells. Some polymethine dyes are characterized with strong IR absorption and therefore can significantly improve light energy harvesting characteristics in such devices due to extension of the absorption spectrum of the photoconducting layer to the IR region. In a view of these opportunities, photovoltaic properties of BHJ systems constituted with poly-3-hexylthiophene (P3HT) as an electron donor, 6,6-phenyl-C₆₁-butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM) fullerene-type electron acceptor, and cation polymethine or merocyanine dyes were studied depending on the dye concentration and under different light excitation conditions. A new physical effect of photoinduced current hysteresis was observed in dye containing BHJ solar cells, when the dye concentration was in the range of 16–60%. The photocurrent hysteresis is detected only when simultaneously polythiophene and dye molecules are excited with light (white light excitation), while no current hysteresis can be seen in the dark or under selective excitation of the polymer component (490 nm) or dye component (740 nm) of the BHJ system. In addition, significant reduction of the photocurrent collected from the dye-containing devices under illumination with white light in comparison to a selective excitation of the polymer component only is observed.Therefore, the phenomenon can be described as an illumination induced photoresistance of the composite BHJ layer. It can be explained based on energy diagram consideration as a generation of transition dipole moments at polymethine dye molecules located close to the heterojunction and thus opposing donor–acceptor charge transfer events.     

Controlling Light Emission in Luminescent Solar Concentrators Through Use of Dye Molecules Aligned in a Planar Manner by Liquid Crystals

A luminescent solar concentrator (LSC) is a potential low‐cost enhancement of the standard large‐area silicon photovoltaic panels for the generation of electricity from sunlight. In this work, guest–host systems are investigated using anisotropic fluorescent dyes and liquid crystal mesogens to control the direction of emitted light in the LSC. It is determined that up to 30% more light is emitted from the edge of an LSC waveguide with planar dye alignment parallel to the alignment direction than from any edge of an LSC with no alignment (isotropic). The aligned samples continue to show dichroic performance after additions of both edge mirrors and rear scattering layer.     

冰洲石晶体紫外波段偏光吸收系数的测试研究

为了研究冰洲石晶体在紫外波段的偏光吸收特性,制作了长、宽不相等的测试样品。利用双光路分光光度计,在测试与参考光路同时加入偏振方向相互平行的起偏棱镜,分别测量同一晶体不同长度的偏振透射光谱。通过消除光在晶体表面反射损失的影响,得到两只测试样品在紫外波段对o光、e光的吸收系数。在紫外波段同一冰洲石晶体中e光吸收系数小于o光,且波长越短差别越大;不同冰洲石晶体个体在紫外波段的吸收系数存在较大差异。结果表明,先对冰洲石晶体进行紫外偏振光谱测试,选出吸收系数小的晶体,是制作高性能紫外偏光棱镜的关键。     

Ortho‐Nitrostilbenes in Polycarbonate for Holographic Data Storage

Holographic data storage materials based on dye‐doped polycarbonate that could find application in professional archival and consumer applications are described. The dyes are selected from the class of o‐nitrostilbenes, which irreversibly bleach under exposure to light and show high thermal stability before and after exposure. The reduction in concentration of the dye in the host after exposure induces refractive index variations over a wide range of wavelengths and extends well away from the dye absorption peak conforming to the Kramers–Kronig relationship. The materials are injection moldable into the standard disc format and have negligible shrinkage during data storage. Samples were produced using different dyes and various concentrations in a polycarbonate host and processed on professional CD/DVD equipment. The refractive index change is as high as 0.04, with a measured instantaneous sensitivity of 0.5 cm J^–1 and M/# = 0.3.