共查询到18条相似文献,搜索用时 62 毫秒
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通过改变共聚单体种类,探究主链元素种类对聚合物质子交换膜性能的影响。以3,3'-二磺酸基钠盐-4,4'-二氟二苯砜为磺化单体,4,4'-二氟二苯砜为非磺化单体,4,4'-二羟基二苯醚或4,4'-二巯基二苯硫醚为共聚单体,通过亲核缩聚反应成功可控制备出磺化度分别为30%和50%的磺化聚芳醚砜(SPES)与磺化聚芳硫醚砜(SPTES)。采用流延法制备了两种聚合物的透明坚韧的质子交换膜。研究发现两种聚合物膜均显示出了良好的力学性能以及较为适中的吸水率与溶胀度。两种聚合物质子交换膜的起始分解温度达到250℃,具有良好的热稳定性。随磺化度的升高,两种聚合物膜的吸水率、溶胀率以及质子传导率均升高。由于主链硫较氧原子与苯环的共轭作用更强以及供电子硫原子与吸电子基团的相互作用,SPTES膜较SPES膜表现出更高的玻璃化转变温度(T g)、更低的溶胀率以及更高质子传导率。其中SPES-50与SPTES-50在80℃、100%RH条件下,质子传导率分别为0.136S/cm与0.142S/cm,表明其作为质子交换膜具有潜在的应用前景。 相似文献
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在钛材反应器中,研究了3,3′,4,4′-四甲基二苯醚一步液相空气氧化制备3,3′,4,4′-二苯醚四羧酸的反应规律。采用Co-Mn-Br和防钝化剂组成的高效催化体系及低温引发、高温完成的氧化工艺。在最佳工艺条件下,氧化产物二苯醚四羧酸的纯度在95.0%以上,收率达67.0%~77.0%。一、前言 3,3′,4,4′-二苯醚四羧酸(简称醚酸)及其二酐(简称醚酐),是制备特种高分子合成材料—可熔性聚酰亚胺的单体。醚酐型聚酰亚胺以其特有的耐高温、耐磨、耐 相似文献
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以3,3’-二氨基二苯砜(DDS)和4,4’-二氨基二苯醚(ODA)作为共缩聚二胺单体,与3,3’,4,4’-二苯酮四羧酸二酐(BTDA)进行缩合聚合,合成了一系列具有一定溶解性的共聚酰亚胺。采用升温红外光谱监控了聚酰胺酸热环化为聚酰亚胺的过程,对所得产物的热稳定性和力学性能进行研究,发现二胺单体的组成对共聚酰亚胺的性能产生较为明显的影响。 相似文献
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选用合适的单体芳香二酐二苯甲酮四酸二酐(BTDA)、2,2’-双[4-(3,4-二羧基苯氧基)苯基]丙烷四羧酸二酐(BPADA)和芳香二胺3,3′,5,5′-四甲基-4,4′-二氨基二苯甲烷(AMD)、4,4′-二氨基二苯甲烷(MDA)、4,4′-二氨基二苯醚(ODA),3,4'-二氨基二苯醚(3,4'-ODA)根据不同配比反应得到聚酰胺酸,用乙酸酐/三乙胺经化学亚胺化得到热塑性聚酰亚胺(TPI),将其用N-甲基吡咯烷酮(NMP)溶解配成一定固含量的胶液,涂覆铜箔烘干溶剂得到二层挠性覆铜板(2L—FCCL),然后将2L—FCCL高温压合制备双面挠性覆铜板,其剥离强度较高。 相似文献
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针对苯/环己烷混合物体系的特点,采用两种新型侧链二胺3,5-二氨基苯甲酸苯酯(PDA)和3,5-二氨基苯甲酸-4-三氟甲基苯酯(FPDA),制备了一系列由不同二酐与二胺单体如4,4'-二氨基二苯醚(ODA)和3,5-二氨基苯甲酸(DABA)聚合而成的用于渗透汽化分离苯/环己烷的聚酰亚胺膜,对其结构和各项性质进行了表征,并对膜材料的微观结构与宏观分离性能之间的关系进行了较为深入的研究。随着侧链二胺的引入,聚酰亚胺膜的分离效率随之持续增大,分离能力得以改善。渗透汽化实验结果表明,以6FDA为二酐单体的两类聚酰亚胺膜具有较优异的分离性能。乙二醇交联的6FDA-FPDA/ODA/DABA(1:7:2)膜综合渗透汽化分离性能最优。在50℃时,对于含苯50 %(质量)的苯/环己烷混合物,其渗透通量为9.84 kg·μm·m-2·h-1,分离因子达6.1。 相似文献
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采用2,2'-双苯氧基对二氨基联苯(PHOB)制备了2,2'-双(4-磺酸基苯氧基)对二氨基联苯(2,2′-BSPOB),以2,2′-BSPOB、1,3-双(4-氨基苯氧基)苯(BAPBz)和1,4,5,8-萘四甲酸二酐(NTDA)为原料,经缩聚反应生成磺化聚酰亚胺(SPIs)。以间甲酚为溶剂,通过溶液浇铸法成膜,研究了合成聚合物膜的吸水率、尺寸变化、机械性能和质子导电率。NTDA-BSPOB-BAPBz(3/2/1)聚合物膜在水中的质子导电率达到了198.3 mS/cm。 相似文献
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The proton exchange membrane (PEM) is the core component of a high-performance proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC). Since the traditional PEM has the disadvantages of poor cell performance and high cost, a new kind of PEM with good proton conductivity, low cost and simple preparation should be explored. In this paper, several different binary hybrid membranes were successfully prepared through one-step encapsulation of different ionic liquids (ILs) in sulfonated poly(ether ether ketone) (SPEEK). The prepared membranes were characterized by scanning electron microscope (SEM), thermogravimetric analysis (TG), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), proton conductivity measurements and dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA). SEM images showed that ILs were fully doped into SPEEK. FT-IR and XPS proved that SPEEK and IL formed a new chemical bond combined with intermolecular hydrogen bonds. The TG results showed that the binary hybrid membranes could maintain stability even at 300°C. The water uptake and swelling ratio showed that the water absorption capacity of the binary composite membrane played a vital role in improving proton conductivity. The proton conductivity study showed that ILs doping also helped to improve the proton conductivity of the SPEEK membrane. When the doping amount of IL was maintained at 30 wt.%, it has the highest proton conductivity, 25 mS cm−1 at 120°C. It was proved that anhydrous hybrid membrane tetraphenyl imidazole sulfate/SPEEK ([IM2][H2PO4]/SPEEK) could be used in PEMFC at medium temperature. 相似文献
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质子交换膜(proton exchange membrane,PEM)是保证燃料电池安全、高效运行的关键部件。当前,Nafion及部分Nafion衍生物PEM被广泛应用于燃料电池、电解制氢、传感检测、液流电池等领域。但是,其仍存在制造成本过高、高效温度范围狭窄( )等问题。近年来,部分金属有机框架材料(metal-organic frameworks,MOFs)因具有结晶性、可设计性和高比表面积等优点,作为潜在的新型质子导体,被用于修饰、改进现有高分子质子交换膜,或直接被作为主要质子传导介质制成质子交换膜,取得了一系列重要进展。本文详细介绍了在MOFs中五种质子传导的常见方式,综述了近年来国内外在高性能质子传导MOFs领域的代表性成果,总结了质子传导MOFs在质子交换膜中的三类常见应用方法,指出MOFs材料在提高PEM质子电导率、降低PEM成本、拓宽PEM高效工作区间等方面具有巨大的发展潜力。最后,本文提出现有MOFs在质子交换膜中的应用还存在稳定性、耐久性、有害物质逸出等方面的问题,这为新型MOFs质子交换膜的开发提供了参考与思路。 相似文献
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Yong Cao Nanqi Duan Li Jian Anna Evans Reidar Haugsrud 《Journal of the American Ceramic Society》2016,99(10):3309-3316
Hydration properties and electrical characteristics of the high‐temperature proton conductor La27(W0.85Nb0.15)5O55.5?δ are investigated by means of thermogravimetry, impedance spectroscopy, and the electromotive force (EMF) method as a function of temperature, water vapor, and oxygen partial pressures, as well as isotope exchange measurements in order to elucidate the mechanism and thermodynamics of protons formation and transport. The highest proton conductivity, 1.3 × 10‐3 S/cm, is achieved at 700°C in wet O2. Proton self‐diffusion coefficients are estimated from thermogravimetric measurements of hydration and conductivity data. Comparison of the conductivity characteristics between nominally pure and Nb‐substituted materials reveals that the ionic conductivity increases and the activation energy decreases with Nb doping. These differences are discussed to reflect changes in the structure promoting ionic transport rather than changing the concentration of defects to any large extent. 相似文献
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Johan Berg Stephan Block Fredrik Höök Peter Brzezinski 《Israel journal of chemistry》2017,57(5):437-445
Respiratory oxidases are transmembrane enzymes that catalyze the reduction of dioxygen to water in the final step of aerobic respiration. This process is linked to proton pumping across the membrane. Here, we developed a method to study the catalytic turnover of the quinol oxidase, cytochrome bo3 from E. coli at single-molecule level. Liposomes with reconstituted cytochrome bo3 were loaded with a pH-sensitive dye and changes in the dye fluorescence, associated with proton transfer and pumping, were monitored as a function of time. The single-molecule approach allowed us to determine the orientation of cytochrome bo3 in the membrane; in ∼70 % of the protein-containing liposomes protons were released to the outside. Upon addition of substrate we observed the buildup of a ΔpH (in the presence of the K+ ionophore valinomycin), which was stable over at least ∼800 s. No rapid changes in ΔpH (proton leaks) were observed during steady state proton pumping, which indicates that the free energy stored in the electrochemical gradient in E. coli is not dissipated or regulated through stochastic transmembrane proton leaks, as suggested from an earlier study (Li et al. J. Am. Chem. Soc. (2015) 137, 16055–16063). 相似文献