基于光电复合传感器的重金属检测算法的研究

基于光寻址电位传感器(Light Addressable Potentiometric Sensor,LAPS)和微电极阵列传感器(Microelectrode Array Sensor,MEA)的复合传感器件,作为无线传感器网络的敏感元件,已应用于水环境痕量重金属的检测中.本文基于该光电复合传感器,分别对LAPS及M...     

基于无线传感器网络的湿地水环境远程实时监测系统关键技术研究

对湿地水环境监测技术的研究现状与进展进行了概述.提出了基于无线传感器网络的湿地水环境远程实时监测系统的系统框架,重点讨论了基于自然光水下照射强度的浊度软测量技术、面向湿地水环境监测的三维无线传感器网络的节点覆盖算法、传感器节点健康状况诊断算法和小水域子网的网内数据聚合点的选举算法等关键问题.     

基于光寻址电位传感器的水环境重金属无线检测仪器设计

针对水环境重金属检测问题,设计了一种新型的基于光寻址电位传感器(LAPS)的重金属检测仪器。相对于原子荧光光度法等其他方法,该仪器操作简便,无需繁杂的前处理过程,具有自动量程功能以及独立的水路系统。仪器通过ARM开发板与上位机无线通讯,检测过程自动化进行。经验证,仪器可以对水环境酸碱度以及重金属Pb2+浓度进行快速、自动化检测。其中pH的检测范围为5~9,灵敏度为37.321 mV/pH,平均误差为4.4%,满足水环境酸碱度的实测需求。重金属Pb2+的检测范围为10-7~10-1mol/L,灵敏度为26.43 mV/pPb2+,平均重复率为86.7%,并进行了Zn2+,Cu2+及pH对Pb2+检测的干扰测量。     

基于直列式交错微电极阵列的细胞电融合

提出了一种基于交错式齿状微电极阵列的微流控细胞电融合芯片。利用COMSOL Multiphysics仿真软件,对电场强度有重要影响的微电极几何参数进行了仿真分析,并由此提出了优化的微电极阵列结构。选择SoI硅片的顶层低阻硅加工获得了微电极阵列。实验结果表明:该芯片中采用的直列式微通道结构避免了原有芯片存在的转角易堵塞问题。芯片能够在低电压条件下实现细胞排队和融合过程,具有较高的融合效率。     

面向水环境监测的WSN网关设计

针对传统水环境监测存在周期长、水域范围有限的缺点,提出一种基于无线传感器网络的水环境监测系统,对其无线网关的软硬件系统进行设计。该网关采用ZigBee和GPRS无线传输技术,实现数据监测节点与远程监测中心的双向高效无线通信。实验结果表明,应用该网关的系统稳定可靠,可满足水环境远程实时监测的要求,具有广泛的应用前景。     

基于光电复合传感器的重金属监测系统嵌入式软件设计?

针对水环境重金属监测仪器,设计了一种智能化嵌入式软件。该仪器采用光电复合传感器芯片,包括微阵列电化学传感器和光电位寻址传感器。仪器设计了可靠稳定的通信机制与上位机进行人机交互,仪器具有智能化自检功能,能够及时反馈传感器的故障信息。在检测过程中具有自动量程功能,能够最大发挥硬件优势,同时具有误差补偿和电路异常的检测机制。仪器具有高稳定性、自动化检测的特点,并完成了在野外无人值守条件下的检测任务。     

多参数无线传感器网络监测系统设计

针对传统物理布线式的传感器数据采集监测系统布线繁琐、功耗大、结构单一、动态性能差等特点,设计了一种基于ZigBee技术、包含一个数据基站和多个多参数终端采集节点的无线传感器采集系统。采用低功耗、无线收发性能良好的CC2530作为系统节点和数据基站的主控芯片。通过Z-Stack协议栈和OSAL操作系统,实现了基于ZigBee的无线传感器网络的通信和组网。考虑到采集现场对不同信号的需求,该系统可同时采集数字信号和模拟信号。节点通过CC2530主控芯片的串行外设接口(SPI),采集数字化传感器输出信号;通过扩展AD7656实现6通道并行A/D转换,从而采集多个传感器输出的模拟信号。实测结果验证了系统的网络传输性能和动态拓扑结构,以及各终端采集节点对数字信号和模拟信号的采集性能。基于ZigBee的无线传感器网络技术优势突出,必将成为传感器信号采集行业的发展方向。     

基于测距技术的无线传感器网络定位算法研究

街道、走廊等带状通道具有其环境特殊性,对该环境下无线传感器网络定位算法的研究是研究其他特殊环境下定位工作的基础,其研究成果在工业界具有很高的推广价值;为此,选择基于测距技术的RSSI算法设计了一种带状通道环境下的无线传感器网络定位算法。给出了算法设计思路及硬件条件,并在构建的实验平台下对其进行了实验验证;实验结果证明:算法对带状通道环境下的目标定位可获得较好结果。     

基于光电复合传感器的重金属原位监测系统嵌入式软件设计

针对水环境重金属监测仪器,设计了一种智能化嵌入式软件。该仪器采用光电复合传感器芯片,包括微阵列电化学传感器和光电位寻址传感器。仪器设计了可靠稳定的通信机制与上位机进行人机交互,仪器具有智能化自检功能,能够及时反馈传感器的故障信息。在检测过程中具有自动量程功能,能够最大发挥硬件优势,同时具有误差补偿和电路异常的检测机制。仪器具有高稳定性、自动化检测的特点,并完成了在野外无人值守的条件下的检测任务。     

基于带状区域路由的无线传感器网络QoS协议

提出了一种基于带状区域路由的无线传感器网络QoS协议。根据网络传输路径的能耗模型分析,将路由的转发节点控制在以源节点与Sink节点连线的带状区域,有效降低了路径上的传输能耗。另外,在改进型QoS协议中,转发节点根据当前QoS约束动态重新建立新的带状区域宽度,使传输路径最大程度拟合源节点和Sink节点的连线,达到路径传输能耗最优。仿真实验表明,无线传感器网络QoS协议在满足网络QoS约束下,节省了网络能耗,延长了网络生存时间。     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。     

基于QTE的蒙古文显示机制研究与实现

蒙古语言是中国蒙古族使用的通用语言,由于蒙古文区别于其他文字的书写方式和其自身变形机制等特点,在很多通用的文字处理引擎中都不被支持。在嵌入式产品开发与应用领域中Linux加QTE已经成为流行方式。该文给出了一种在QTE环境上实现基于标准Unicode的蒙古文点阵显示和变形算法, 并自定义了支持蒙古文的QTE组件,扩展了QTE功能,为在Linux加QTE方式的嵌入式体系结构中处理蒙古文提供了一种解决方法。