专利信息

表面活性坚强内固定钛接骨板及其制造方法，医用钛及钛合金表面活化改性方法，用石墨电极对钛合金材料表面电火花放电强化处理的方法，一种钛表面辉光离子无氢渗碳工艺方法，一种稀土铝硅钛合金的生产方法。     

外科植入物用钛合金的表面改性

钛合金作为外科植入物用材料在临床上得到了越来越多的应用。综述了钛合金作为外科植入物的优良性能及国内外在钛合金表面改性方面的发展和研究现状。阐述了表面改性对改善钛合金的耐磨性，耐蚀性和生物学性能方面的重要作用。分析表明：开发新型钛合金和寻求理想的表面改性工艺来获得高质量的涂层或将生物活性相添加到钛合金基体中制备成复合材料是提高钛合金生物学性能的有效途径。     

医用钛合金及其表面改性技术的研究现状

介绍了新型医用钛合金的研究开发现状，分析了医用钛合金存在的主要问题，即耐磨性、耐腐蚀性和生物活性有待进一步提高。阐述了表面改性对提高钛合金的耐磨性能、耐腐蚀性能和生物活性的作用。指出应当重视钛合金表面生物活性陶瓷涂层的稳定性问题。认为通过研究开发综合性能更优的新型医用钛合金，寻求更为理想的表面改性工艺以及运用复合涂层制备技术，有望逐步解决钛合金在临床应用中存在的问题。     

钛合金的高温抗氧化性及其影响因素分析

综述了影响钛合金高温抗氧化性的因素,主要包括钛合金的组织形态、合金化元素、热暴露温度及时间等,总结了改善钛合金高温抗氧化性的方法是:采用合适的合金化、发展钛铝基金属间化合物、对钛合金成品进行预氧化处理和表面改性处理等,以期在这些理论的指导下采用合理的方法对钛合金及其制品进行处理,从而减少或杜绝钛合金在高温条件下使用过程中因氧化作用而带来的隐患。     

仿生结构钛合金植入材料的研究和应用

仿生结构钛合金植入材料拥有良好的力学性能和生物相容性,且弹性模量与人体骨骼较为相近,具有广阔的应用前景.为此,介绍了表面仿生结构和梯度仿生结构两大类仿生结构钛合金植入材料的研究现状,其中,表面仿生结构钛合金植入材料的制备方法主要有电化学沉积法、激光熔覆法以及复合改性技术等;梯度仿生结构钛合金的制备方法主要有粉末冶金法、...     

激光表面固溶处理对β钛合金表面时效硬化性及耐磨性的影响

由于钛合金的硬度较低,耐磨性差,限制了其在某些领域的应用,因此通过对钛合金表面改性处理来提高其磨损性能的研究越来越被受到重视。目前,大部分改性技术都是在材料表面形成厚度约几微米的膜层,由于这种膜层较薄,在磨损的前期阶段就被损坏,因而在高接触压力的环境下这种方法不适用。日本研究人员用激光高温固溶处理的方法在β型钛合金表面形成硬化层,描述了表面硬化层的生成过程,并考察了硬化层的耐磨性。     

不锈钢表面改性研究的进展

概述了离子注入法、离子束增强沉积、气相沉积和转化膜技术等表面改性技术在国内外不锈钢表面改性中的应用与研究进展，指出了离子注入是提高不锈钢表面摩擦性能、抗氧化性能、抗腐蚀性能的一种新兴技术手段．将逐渐地渗透到传统的不锈钢表面改性技术中，提出了综合运用现代表面改性技术和膜层结构设计将成为现代不锈钢表面改性的发展方向。     

钛合金表面抗氧化改性技术

本文介绍了为提高钛合金表面抗氧化性能将等离子喷涂技术、离子注入法应用于钛合金表面改性技术取得的进展,重点介绍了每种工艺方法的基本情况、特点及应用。     

钛合金表面强化新进展

介绍了为改善钛合金表面耐磨性将激光表面熔敷、高能微弧火花渗碳和表面渗氧技术应用于钛合金表面强化所取得的进展。讨论了每种工艺方法所获表面改性层的结构和性能特征及其应用范围。     

钛合金植入物材料的表面改性研究进展

简介了钛合金植入物材料的开发及表面改性技术。     

Effect of titanium on the nitrogen solubility in complex liquid Fe−Cr−Ni alloys

The effects of dilute additions of titanium up to 0.20 wt pct on the solubility of nitrogen in two complex Fe−Cr−Ni alloys were examined over the temperature range 1450 to 1600°C. Sieverts' law was obeyed by all titanium-bearing alloys up to some nitrogen pressure below one atmosphere. ‘Breaks’ in each solubility plot were observed that corresponded to the formation of titanium nitride. Titanium additions were observed to lower the nitrogen solubility in each group of alloys. This effect is opposite to that previously observed in pure iron. Calculated values of the solubility product (pct Ti) (pct N) for TiN formation in each alloy increased with rising melt temperature.     

Thermodynamics of inclusion formation in Fe-Cr-Ti-N alloys

The thermodynamics of titanium in Fe-Cr alloys and of inclusion formation in Fe-Cr-N-Ti alloys was investigated. A metal-nitride-gas equilibration technique was used to measure the activity of titanium. The equilibrium titanium content of the metal that is in equilibrium with pure solid titanium nitride and nitrogen gas at 1 atm was determined. The activity coefficients of titanium it(f_Ti) relative to 1 wt pct standard state in Fe were calculated for Fe-Cr alloys from the experimental results. The first-order interaction coefficient between titanium and chromium, e _Ti ^Cr , was determined to be 0.024 at 1873 K. The solubility of nitrogen in Fe-Cr alloys was measured and was found to increase with chromium content, which is in agreement with previous work. Thermodynamic calculations were made in order to predict under what conditions titanium nitride will form in 409 stainless steel and was compared with inclusions found in plant samples. The inclusion stability diagrams for 304 stainless steel and Fe-18 pct Cr and Fe-9 pct Cr alloys were computed.     

Overview no. 51 Structure and thermochemistry of nitrided iron-titanium alloys

The structure of nitrided Fe-Ti alloys has been investigated by electron microscopy, electron and X-ray diffraction, internal friction and measurements of nitrogen absorption. Titanium-nitrogen atom clusters (GP zones) are shown to precede the formation of the equilibrium precipitate, TiN. The titanium-nitrogen zones form as flat platelets analogous to those observed in Al-Cu alloys. For alloys containing >0.5 wt% Ti, the nitrogen occupies four kinds of site in a distribution that depends on nitriding temperature, titanium content and the nitrogen potential. A model is proposed which accounts for all the experimental observations and gives a complete interpretation of the nitriding behaviour of Fe-Ti alloys. On nitriding, the nitrogen-titanium atom-ratio is always abnormally higher than that required for formation of titanium nitride and this pronounced nitrogen enrichment of ferrite due to cluster formation is ascribed to a chemical effect arising from the strong interaction between the titanium and nitrogen atoms.     

钛及钛合金人体植入材料研究进展

钛及其合金因其具有低密度、高比强度、低弹性模量、良好的生物相容性和耐蚀性等特点, 被认为是一种理想的人体植入金属材料, 广泛应用于骨关节替换、牙齿修复等方面, 且对其的需求量快速增长; 同时, 钛也存在骨整合率低、抗菌性差、耐磨性差等缺陷, 急需进一步研究和改进。本文介绍了钛及钛合金作为人体植入材料的优异特性, 概述了国内外关于新型β型钛合金、表面改性钛合金、多孔钛合金、钛-陶复合材料的研究进展, 总结了钛及钛合金材料存在的一些问题, 为新型钛及钛合金材料的设计研发, 钛及钛合金综合性能的优化, 钛及钛合金使用寿命的延长提供参考。     

西北有色金属研究院钛合金研究进展

概述了西北有色金属研究院（NIN）研发的部分高温、高强、低成本、超塑性及低温钛合金近年来的研究进展。指出：使用温度在550～650℃之间的高温钛合金中，550℃高温钛合金已获得应用，Ti-600合金因室温和600℃下综合性能优异，尤其是极佳的蠕变性能，可以用做高推重比发动机压气机轮盘和叶片，具有较好的应用前景；在强度级别为1000～1600MPa的高强钛合金中，Ti—B20合金和Ti-1300合金适宜制作高强或超高强钛合金弹簧；低成本钛合金、超塑性温度较低且应变速率较高的超塑性钛合金、低温钛合金的研究从未间断过，某些合金也已得到应用；NIN今后研究重点是建立已研发合金的规范体系，降低其制造成本，提高其使用性能，最终使其获得广泛应用。     

Thermodynamics of inclusion formation in Fe-Ti-C-N alloys

The thermodynamics of the formation of titanium carbonitride in liquid iron-titanium-carbon-nitrogen alloys were investigated in order to predict under what conditions it will form in liquid steel. A metal-carbonitride equilibration technique was used. Titanium carbonitride of a desired composition was made by mixing and high-temperature sintering of very fine powders of titanium nitride and carbide. The formation of titanium carbonitride was confirmed by lattice parameter measurements on the samples before and after the experiments. The equilibrium concentrations of titanium, carbon, and nitrogen in equilibrium with a specific titanium carbonitride were obtained at 1873 K. Activities of titanium carbide and nitride relative to pure solid titanium carbide and nitride were calculated. It was found that titanium carbonitride solid solution is almost ideal. From the results, calculations were performed to predict at which composition various carbonitrides will form.     

钛及钛合金金属粉末注射成形技术的研究进展

钛及钛合金兼具低比重、高比强度、优异的生物相容性和良好的耐腐蚀性,在航空航天、生物医疗、化工、汽车等领域有极大的应用潜力。钛及钛合金金属粉末注射成形技术(metal injection molding,MIM)能够实现中小型复杂形状钛产品的大批量、低成本制备,对于推动钛及钛合金产品的生产及应用具有重要意义。本文介绍了金属粉末注射成形钛及钛合金的特点及优势,从粉末原料、黏结剂体系、粉末注射成形、脱黏和烧结等方面综述了钛及钛合金金属粉末注射成形技术的研究进展,并针对目前存在的主要问题,分析了金属粉末注射成形钛及钛合金的研究方向及发展前景。     

Role of the phase composition of tungsten containing hard alloys in the formation of a layer of titanium carbide in gas titanizing

Conclusions In gas titanizing of tungsten-containing hard alloys a continuous layer of titanium carbide forms on their surface; its composition, thickness, and microhardness depend on the phase composition of the alloy, in particular on the amount of cobalt phase.When hard alloys contain the phase (Ti, W)C, the thickness of the layer of titanium carbide increases.We discovered selective solubility of the solid solution (Ti, W)C in the cobalt phase in proportion to its decarburization during titanizing; this leads to the formation of ring structure of the grains of (Ti, W)C with higher titanium content on the periphery which, as is known [9], increases the wear resistance of hard alloys.Translated from Poroshkovaya Metallurgiya No. 7(319), pp. 74–79, July, 1989.     

Separation of elements in processing titanomagnetite concentrates

The possibility of separating iron, manganese, niobium, and vanadium from titanium in the furnace reduction of titanomagnetite concentrate by carbon is assessed on the basis of thermodynamic analysis. The formation of titanium alloys of different composition in the furnace reduction of titanium slags by aluminum is considered. The results may be used to develop a comprehensive processing technology for titanomagnetite ore.     

钛金属和钛产业的发展

对钛的研究和产业发展状况进行了综述, 包括钛的发现、钛工业发展、钛的主要应用等, 通过研究, 对今后钛及钛合金的研究方向和钛产业发展提出了建议, 认为: 钛在更广阔的领域获得应用需解决两方面的问题: (1)提高钛在不同用途上特性, 如, 通过合金化、金属间化合物以及研制新型钛合金提高性能; (2)有效降低钛的生产成本, 如从海绵钛生产、材料设计和材料加工等环节降低成本.