高频线圈坡面对生长FZ单晶的影响

通过对高频线圈下坡面对生长FZ单晶的作用,分析了不同坡面线圈的磁力分布,以及磁力在单晶生长过程中的作用.线圈下面坡度的大小,会产生分布不同的磁力,在FZ单晶生长时,磁力对固液交界面的外边缘有重要的影响.分析认为采用下坡度合适的加热线圈,可以有利于单晶的顺利生长,提高单晶的成功率.     

线圈台阶对区熔硅单晶生长影响的数值计算分析

悬浮区熔法是生长硅单晶的重要方法之一,线圈形状作为主要的工艺参数直接影响能量分布并最终决定硅单晶的生长情况.通过有限元法对区熔硅单晶生长进行数值模拟,考虑二维轴对称情况下由高频线圈产生的电磁场对熔区产生的影响,主要对比分析了线圈上方有无台阶对单晶生长的不同影响.同时结合相应的试验结果及现象,得到了线圈台阶的引入提高了晶体成晶的质量.     

SiC单晶生长界面形状计算机模型的建立及验证

利用多物理场耦合模拟软件研究了3英寸(1英寸=2.54 cm)碳化硅(SiC)单晶生长中感应线圈位置对单晶生长系统温度场的影响.分析了感应线圈位置变化对晶体表面径向温度、晶体内部轴向温度以及晶体生长界面形状的影响.同时分析了不同生长时期晶体的界面形状和各向温差的变化规律,建立了3英寸SiC单晶生长界面形状计算机模型,进而将计算机模拟得到的晶体界面形状与单晶生长对照实验获得晶体的界面形状相对比,验证了该模型的可靠性.以此为依据,优化了单晶生长工艺参数,获得了理想的适合3英寸SiC单晶生长的温度场,并成功获得了高质量的3英寸SiC单晶.     

消除区熔硅单晶生长中“硅刺”的研究

在无位错FZ硅单晶生长过程中,长"硅刺"是一种对单晶生长十分有害且常见的现象。单晶生长过程中一旦出现"硅刺",如不能及时消除,会导致中途停炉,不仅浪费原料,而且影响生产,因此,如何减少和消除硅刺,是FZ单晶拉制中,需要着重解决的问题。对FZ硅单晶生长过程中,减少和消除硅刺进行了研究,尤其是加热线圈结构设计对抑制硅刺产生的重要作用。通过对线圈的合理改进,使FZ单晶生长过程中避免或减少"硅刺"的出现。     

悬浮区熔法生长锗单晶

采用悬浮区熔工艺,生长出了最大直径(等径部分)22 mm的<100>晶向锗单晶,单晶等径长度20 mm,总长度80 mm。为减小锗单晶生长中的重力作用,并提高温度梯度以增强结晶趋动力,特别设计了锗单晶生长用的加热线圈,包括设计线圈的内径为18 mm,线圈的下表面设计为0°的平角,上表面设计成9°的锥形等。改进后的加热线圈有效地减小了熔体的质量,消除了熔体因重力作用而引起的下坠及因下坠而在上界面形成的无法熔化的腰带。实验表明,锗单晶生长对功率变化非常敏感,生长过程中极易引入位错,但在有大量位错的情况下,晶棱能依然保持完好。     

直径52～65mm探测器级Si单晶的真空制备

为了制备纯度11N以上、直 径Φ大于 45mm并且各项性能指标满足探测器级要求的大直径 超高纯单晶Si材料,本文在真空气氛下提纯并生长Φ52～65mm探测器级区熔(FZ,float zone)Si单晶, 并对真空气氛和直径增加所带来的晶体不稳定生长、高断面电阻率不均匀率和漩涡缺陷 等问题的产生原因和解决方式进行了深入研究。结果表明,丹麦加热线圈表面带有台阶 和十字开口,是提纯和生长Φ大于45mm 多晶Si和单晶Si的理想线圈;适当提高单晶转速和 生长速度有利于降低断面电阻率不均匀率,且提高转速的效果更加明显;真空气氛下, 提高热场对中性可抑制漩涡缺陷的产生,其对漩涡缺陷的影响比单晶Si生长速度更加显 著,这是与Ar气气氛FZ不同的;多晶Si提纯次数越多单晶Si寿命越低,降低多晶Si原 料中的P/B和重金属原始含量有利于提高单晶Si寿命;若要制备少子寿命大于800μs, 符合探测器级标准的Φ52～65mm Si单晶 ,多晶Si原料少子寿命应大于3000μs。     

生长系统对高阻区熔硅单晶径向电阻率变化的影响

分别采用L4375-ZE区熔炉和CFG/1400P区熔炉,生长了N型、(1.5～4.5)×103Ω.cm和P型、(1.0～5.0)×104Ω.cm两种规格的高阻区熔硅单晶,单晶的直径为52～54 mm,晶向为<111>。经对单晶的电阻率及其径向分布进行检测对比后发现,在加热线圈几何结构(包括上下表面角度、内径尺寸及台阶设计)基本相同、单晶生长速率相同且上、下晶轴旋转具有相同配置的情况下,不同的单晶生长系统所生长的单晶,其电阻率径向均匀性有明显差异,用L4575-ZE区熔炉生长的单晶的电阻率径向分布更均匀。     

大尺寸碳化硅单晶生长环境研究

针对基于物理气相输运法的碳化硅(SiC)单晶生长系统,考虑对流换热的影响建立了传热与传质数学模型,并采用数值模拟的方法研究了其生长系统内的温度场与气相流场.研究表明:坩埚内温度、温度梯度以及加热效率随线圈匝间距与线圈直径的增加而逐渐降低.旋转坩埚可有效解决因线圈螺旋形状而导致的温度场不均匀性.通过不断调整线圈与坩埚之间的相对高度,可保证高品质晶体生长所需的最优温度场环境.此外,坩埚内径尺寸的增加,会加剧其内部自然对流效应.     

真空高阻区熔Si单晶中的微缺陷及其少子寿命

通过在Ar气氛及真空环境中进行的高阻区熔Si单晶生长实验,分析了晶体直径、晶体生长环境及晶体生长速率对晶体中微缺陷及少子寿命的影响及产生这种影响的原因.单晶生长实验表明,与在Ar气氛下的单晶生长相比,在真空环境下采用较低的晶体生长速率即可生长出无漩涡缺陷的单晶,而当晶体生长速度较高时,尽管可以消除漩涡,但单晶的少子寿命却有明显的下降.     

气相输运法大尺寸ZnO单晶生长的传输过程控制

研究了化学气相传输法(CVT)生长ZnO单晶的传输过程、动力学和生长机理,分析了CVT法的传输机理、效率以及温场对传输速率和晶体生长的影响.利用气相-固相单晶成核和生长动力学理论研究了制约单晶生长速度和晶体质量的因素.我们得到的不同条件下ZnO单晶CVT生长的实验结果和现象与理论分析一致,获得了ZnO单晶生长的理想条件和高质量的大尺寸ZnO单晶材料.     

Prompt quality monitoring of InSe and GaSe semiconductor crystals by the nuclear quadrupole resonance technique

To determine the quality of layer-structured semiconductor single crystals, the nuclear quadrupole resonance technique with successive scanning of the entire sample volume and assessment of the structural quality on the basis of the observed spectra is used. The proposed method is appropriate in the case of InSe, GaSe and GaAs ingots grown in evacuated cells by the Bridgman technique and can be used repeatedly in subsequent technological procedures with no operator access to the material. To provide scanning within a limited region of the sample and to ensure efficient interaction of the high-frequency field with the crystal, excitation and detection of the nuclear-spin-induction signal is implemented by the saddle-shaped transceiver coil of the nuclear quadrupole resonance spectrometer.     

坩埚在线圈中位置对大直径SiC单晶温度场影响

利用Virtual Reactor模拟软件研究了大直径SiC晶体生长中坩埚在感应线圈内不同位置对坩埚内整体温度场、生长腔以及料源内温度场的影响。分析比较了生长腔内径向温度梯度以及轴向温度梯度的变化规律以及坩埚内部整体温度场的分布规律。以此为依据,优化了坩埚设计,获得了理想的适合大直径SiC单晶生长的温场,并成功生长出高...     

An inverted-microstrip resonator for human head proton MR imaging at 7 tesla

As an extension of the previously developed microstrip transmission line (MTL) RF coil design, a high-frequency RF volume coil using multiple inverted MTL (iMTL) resonators for human head imaging at high magnetic field strength of 7 tesla (T) is reported. Compared to conventional MTL resonators, iMTL resonators can operate at higher frequency with lower losses and, thus, are suitable for designs of high-frequency RF volume coils with large coil size for human MR imaging and spectroscopy at high fields. An approach using capacitive terminations was analyzed and applied to the design of the iMTL volume coil for improving RF field homogeneity and broadening frequency-tuning range. A performance-comparison study was conducted between the prototype iMTL volume coil and a custom-built TEM volume coil at 7 T. The iMTL volume coil presents a comparable SNR and intrinsic B1 homogeneity to the TEM volume coil. Phantom and the human head images acquired using the iMTL volume coil are also presented. The proposed iMTL volume coil provides an efficient and alternative solution to design high-frequency and large-size volume coils for human MR applications at very high fields.     

基于MPCF-FPI和LPFG的高温-应变区分测量

提出并研制了一种结构简单、成本低廉的全光纤型高温-应变组合传感器,其结构是在具有微气泡腔的在线型Fabry-Perot干涉仪（FPI）后级联一个高频CO2激光脉冲写入的长周期光纤光栅（LPFG）。FPI通过采用商用化的熔接机熔接普通单模光纤（SMF）和多模光子晶体光纤（MPCF）形成,两类光纤间的空气泡形成FP干涉腔,...     

Characteristics of a special-isolation transformer capable ofprotecting from high-voltage surges and its performance

Rapidly expanding computer-control systems and information networks must be protected from high voltage surges and made immune from noise. The usual method employed for this purpose is isolation transformers. Conventional electrostatic-shielded transformers, however, are insufficient for a number of reasons. The first is that many fine and complicated local resonant circuits are created by the inhomogeneously distributed circuit parameters inside the coil. The second is that common-mode surge noises traveling on both the active conductor of the line through some common-mode component, change into normal-mode noise because of the unbalance between their respective impedance values to ground. The third is the problem that component changed into normal mode, propagate due to the electromagnetic inductance from the primary to the secondary coil. In order to remedy this set of problems, one must eliminate the high-frequency magnetic flux linking the primary coil to the secondary coil through the air. In this paper, the authors propose a design for a transformer that does not propagate high-frequency components, even noise in a normal mode. They demonstrate dramatic noise reduction in their experiments with the new design. They thus validate the utility of the coil arrangement for the purpose of noise reduction