K2O对LZAS微晶玻璃微观结构及热膨胀性能的影响

采用DTA、XRD、SEM、TEC(热膨胀系数)等分析手段研究了加入K2O前后LZAS系统微晶玻璃的微观结构和热膨胀性能.结果表明,650℃晶化时,试样析出γⅡ-LZS和方石英晶体;725℃时,γⅡ-LZS逐渐转变为γ0-LZS晶体,并且出现β-石英固溶体;800℃时,β-石英固溶体转变为β-锂辉石固溶体,晶粒尺寸逐渐长大.制得微晶玻璃的热膨胀系数在(50～130)×10-7℃-1(20～500℃)之间,其大小取决于晶相的种类和含量.并且K2O的加入降低了玻璃的转变温度、粘度,抑制了玻璃的析晶倾向,增大了微晶玻璃的热膨胀系数.     

CaO掺杂对镁铝硅系微晶玻璃结构与性能的影响

采用高温熔融法制备镁铝硅系微晶玻璃,研究了CaO掺杂对晶相组成、微观形貌以及抗弯强度、热膨胀系数、介电性能的影响,并基于Arrhenius恒定升温速率模型计算出烧结活化能。结果表明,由于Ca原子进入玻璃网络中,CaO加入有效降低玻璃的软化点及析晶温度,改变玻璃的析晶倾向,同时显著降低烧结活化能,并促进微晶玻璃的烧结过程。次晶相(MgAl_2Si_3O_(18))_(0.6)的增加导致微晶玻璃的热膨胀系数提高,而抗弯强度的提升与体积密度的增大及高热膨胀相产生的内应力有关。当CaO掺杂量为3%(质量分数)时,在950℃烧结获得最佳性能:抗弯强度为152 MPa、热膨胀系数为3.52×10~(-6)/℃、介电常数为5.89、介电损耗为1.85×10~(-3)。     

锂铝硅微晶玻璃结构与性能热稳定性研究

以TiO₂、ZrO₂为形核剂制备了透明低膨胀锂铝硅系微晶玻璃, 通过测定其等温转变动力学曲线,讨论锂铝硅玻璃析晶及相变与热处理温度和时间的关系, 并采用DTA、XRD和SEM等方法研究锂铝硅微晶玻璃结构和性能的热稳定性. 结果表明, 以β-石英固溶体为主晶相的透明微晶玻璃能在750~900℃较宽的温度范围和较长的时间内保持主晶相和结构的稳定, 850℃保温5h仍具有较高的透光率和极低的热膨胀系数, 性能具有很好的高温稳定性. 材料结构和性能的稳定性均源自钛锆复合形核剂较高的形核效率.     

B_2O_3掺杂Li_2O-Al_2O_3-SiO_2低膨胀透明微晶玻璃的制备及性能表征

为了降低微晶玻璃的熔化温度、改善玻璃的化学稳定性、机械性能和玻璃的熔化质量,在Li2O-Al2O3-SiO2三元玻璃系统中加入5%的B2O3。但加入氧化硼容易产生玻璃分相,生成的主晶相β-石英固溶体就会减少,引起透光性下降。作者以TiO2、ZrO2作为复合晶核剂,通过改变成核温度、成核时间、晶化温度、晶化时间,控制晶体颗粒度大小,制备出了晶粒较小、主晶相为β-石英固溶体的低膨胀透明微晶玻璃,其透过率大于80%,膨胀系数为2.0×10-6/K-1。采用差热分析仪分析了晶化前后玻璃的放热情况,用X射线衍射仪分析了微晶玻璃的主晶相为β-石英固溶体,采用SEM分析了透明微晶玻璃和半透明微晶玻璃的晶体结构。     

利用油页岩渣制备微晶泡沫玻璃的研究

用油页岩渣通过烧结法制备微晶泡沫玻璃,使油页岩资源得到综合利用.在分析油页岩渣成分的基础上,确定了微晶泡沫玻璃配方.研究表明,选用碳酸钙作为发泡剂,在合适的温度制度下,可以制备孔径小于2mm的微晶泡沫玻璃.运用XRD、SEM等方法分析了微晶泡沫玻璃的析出晶相和显微结构.主晶相为普通辉石,次晶相为钙长石.微晶泡沫玻璃内部有较多的针状、粒状晶体交织在玻璃介质中,因此使微晶泡沫玻璃具有良好的性能.     

钛专用遮色瓷研制及其性能研究

采用二氧化锡系微晶玻璃制备低熔钛专用遮色瓷,研究了遮色瓷组成与热膨胀系数的关系,通过对比烧结温度、力学性能与热膨胀系数等性能,最终确定遮色瓷配方和烧结工艺;采用XRD、SEM、细胞毒性和溶血实验分别研究了钛遮色瓷的晶相组成、显微形貌和生物相容性。结果表明所研制的遮色瓷为含有锡石晶体相的微晶玻璃;其最佳烧结温度为780℃;在25～350℃,其平均线热膨胀系数为8.9×10-6/℃;所研制的钛遮色瓷细胞毒性为0级,不引起溶血反应,具有良好的生物相容性。     

β-锂霞石负膨胀微晶玻璃的制备技术及结构特征

研究了β锂霞石微晶玻璃的制备技术、结构特征及其负膨胀特征。首先采用玻璃结晶法制备β锂霞石负膨胀微晶玻璃材料,然后通过XRD、SEM等测试手段,表征了β锂霞石微晶玻璃材料的结构特征。并讨论β锂霞石负膨胀微晶玻璃的膨胀系数及其与晶相组成和晶化温度及时间的依从关系,使其负膨胀系数在一定范围内连续可调。研究并制备出热膨胀系数可达到为-1.037×10-5/℃的β锂霞石微晶玻璃。     

Li2 O-ZnO-SiO2系微晶玻璃的结晶行为与热膨胀变化规律

以Li2O-ZnO-SiO2系统为基础玻璃组成,通过DTA、XRD、SEM及热膨胀系数等测试手段分别对不含Al2O3和含5wt%Al2O3的微晶玻璃的结晶行为、结构和热膨胀变化规律进行了研究探讨.结果表明,高热膨胀相方石英微晶体较快生长的温度为750℃左右,Al2O3部分取代SiO2后对方石英的析出有阻碍作用,同时导致低热膨胀锂辉石微晶体的生成.     

白榴石增强的牙科饰面瓷研究现状

回顾了白榴石微晶玻璃在制备方法、热稳定性和力学性能3个方面的研究进展。与传统的玻璃析晶法相比,先制备白榴石晶体,然后将其与低软化点玻璃混合烧结,这种方法在控制白榴石晶体尺寸方面更具优势。烤瓷温度和时间会影响微晶玻璃中白榴石晶体的含量,进而影响微晶玻璃的热膨胀系数,因此需要严格控制。微晶玻璃中白榴石晶体的直径应该小于4μm,这样可以将微晶玻璃中微裂纹的影响减少到最小。作者制备的一种白榴石微晶玻璃在950℃保温60 min后析晶完成,并且白榴石晶体的尺寸在1μm左右。     

不同Ca/Si比对钙硼硅三元微晶玻璃的性能影响

采用XRD、SEM、DSC等测试分析手段研究了Ca/Si比变化对CBS微晶玻璃晶相、微观结构和电性能的影响。结果表明在固定B2O3的含量为17%（摩尔分数）时,发现当m（Ca/Si比）〈1.08时,CBS微晶玻璃的烧结温度〉900℃,当m〉1.08时,CBS微晶玻璃的烧结温度900℃。当m达到1.767时,CBS微晶玻璃无法烧结;随着CaO含量的增加,Ca2SiO4晶体逐渐增加,硅灰石相逐渐减少,石英相逐渐增加;在1MHz下,C2、C5和C7试样烧结后电损耗均〈2×10-3。     

VLE data for CO2-CF2Cl2, N2-CO2, N2-CF2Cl2 and N2-CO2-CF2Cl

Knowledge about vapour-liquid (VLE) is required as a basis of reliable calculations for separation processes. Correlations available for the prediction of T, p, x, y data are less accurate for mixtures at high pressures and mixtures containing supercritical components. The results of VLE experiments are reported and compared with data calculated with equations of state.     

Preparation of ZrO2-CeO2 and HfO2-CeO2 nanopowders

We prepared weakly agglomerated powders of ZrO₂-CeO₂ and HfO₂-CeO₂ solid solutions 5–8 nm in particle size, consisting of monoclinic and tetragonal phases. After heat treatment at 1200°C, the crystallite size was 30 and 14 nm, respectively. We also examined the effect of precipitate freeze drying on the crystallization of hafnia-based solid solutions containing up to 20 mol % CeO₂.     

Thermal diffusion in binary mixtures H2-CCl2F2 and H2-CHClF2

Thermal diffusion coefficients were measured in two gaseous mixtures, in which one component was close to the critical temperature, in the pressure range (19.6–127.4)·10⁴ N/m² and at a freon concentration of 0.25–0.8.     

Comparison of the Electronic Structures of La2CuO4, Sr2CuO2Cl2, and Sr2CuO2F2

First-principles cluster calculations are reported of the local electronic structure of the three compounds: La₂CuO₄, Sr₂CuO₂Cl₂, and Sr₂CuO₂F₂. The copper ${\text{3d}}_{x^2 - y^2 } $ and the planar oxygen 2p _σ atomic orbitals exhibit a similar degree of covalency. The out-of-plane orbitals, however, are quite different with the ${\text{3}}d_{3z^2 - r^2 } $ atomic orbital lowered significantly in energy for chlorine and fluorine apical positions.     

Radial GRIN glasses in Li2O-Na2O-Al2O3-TiO2-SiO2 systems

A series of GRIN glass rods have been developed in Li2O-Na2O-Al2O3-TiO2-SiO2 systems. Negative radial refractive index profiles were generated by exchanging Na+ for Li+ ions in these glass rods. It has been observed that TiO2 plays a vital role in increase in the profile depth and maximum change in the refractive index because of its ambivalent nature. Change in the refractive index can be further increased by increasing the concentration of exchanging cation in the base glass.     

Elastic and Electronic Properties of Superconducting CaPd 2 As 2 and SrPd 2 As 2 vs. Non-superconducting BaPd 2 As 2

The first-principles calculations were performed to predict the elastic and electronic properties of the superconducting ThCr₂Si₂-type phases CaPd₂As₂ and SrPd₂As₂ in comparison with the non-superconducting CeMg₂Si₂-type phase BaPd₂As₂. Besides, the same properties were compared for CeMg₂Si₂- and ThCr₂Si₂-type polymorphs of BaPd₂As₂. We found that all these phases are mechanically stable and belong to soft materials with low hardness. The near-Fermi region is formed by the valence states of the blocks [Pd₂As₂] with decisive contributions of Pd 4d states. The values of N(E _F) increase in the sequence: CaPd₂As₂ < SrPd₂As₂ < BaPd₂As₂, i.e. in the reverse sequence relative to the transition temperatures T _C. Thus, the change in T _C cannot be explained by the electronic factor, i.e. by the simple correlation T _C～N(E _F). Most likely the decrease in T _C in the sequence CaPd₂As₂ → SrPd₂As₂ and the absence of a superconducting transition in BaPd₂As₂ are related to the structural factors and the peculiarities of the electron–phonon coupling mechanism.     

Si_2N_2O-Al_2O_3-La_2O_3和Si_2N_2O-Al_2O_3-CaO系统的亚固相关系

本文给出了 Si_2N_2O-Al_2O_3-La_2O_3和 Si_2N_2O-Al_2O_3-CaO 系统的亚固相图。实验结果表明:在 Si_2N_2O-Al_2O_3-CaO 系统中有一个未知结构的新化合物 CaO·Si_2N_2O,在3CaO·Si_2N_2O 和3CaO·Al_2O_3两化合物之间形成连续立方固溶体。而 Si_2N_2O-Al_2O_3-La_2O_3系统中则没有发现新化合物。在两个系统的富 Si_2N_2O区,过量的 Si_2N_2O 与 La_2O_3和 CaO 分别反应形成 Si_3N_4与 La_(10)[SiO_4]_(?)N_2(H-相)(和 CaSiO_3。所研究的这两个三元系统中,分别形成了如下几个四元相容性区。在 Si_2N_2O-Al_2O_3-La_2O_3系统内有:H-Si_3N_4-La_2O_3·Si_2N_2O-La_2O_3·Al_2O_3;H-Si_3N_4-La_2O_3·Al_2O_3-La_2O_3·11 Al_2O_3;H-Si_3N_4-La_2O_3·11 Al_2O_3-Al_2O_3;H-Si_3N_4-Al_2O_3-O′s.s;H-Si_3N_4-O′s.s-Si_2N_2O在 Si_2N_2O-Al_2O_3-CaO 系统内有:Si_3N_4-CaSiO_3-CaO·Si_2N_2O-3CaO·Al_2O_3;Si_3N_3-CaSiO_3-3CaO·Al_2O_3-2CaO·Al_2O_3·SiO_(?);Si_(?)N_(?)-CaSiO_3-2CaO·Al_2O_3·SiO_2-Al_2O_3;Si_3N_4-CaSiO_3-Al_2O_(?)-O′s.s;Si_3N_4-CaSiO_3-O′s.s-Si_(?)N_(?)O