The future of Dutch housing associations

This paper discusses the future of the social rented sector in the Netherlands. There are several reasons why the position of this sector is currently under close scrutiny. Whereas attention to social rented housing had lapsed by the start of this century, the growing housing shortage and stagnation in the restructuring of older urban areas brought this sector back into the political spotlight. Also the European Commission is having a major impact on the future position of the sector. The Commission has ordered the Dutch Government to establish a level playing field by abolishing the privileges of the housing associations. Against this background, this paper discusses the possible tasks and proper functioning of the Dutch housing associations.     

Actor strategies in decentralized policy networks

Due to the high density and variety of organizational policy networks involved, urban renewal requires a complex decision-making process. The complexity of the process resides in its inherent uncertainty and dynamics and therefore its unpredictability, and in the interrelatedness of the interventions. In this context, a shift in responsibility has taken place in the Netherlands as a result of which urban renewal is no longer determined by national government but by local planning authorities in conjunction with public and private players. This corresponds to a situation in which the role of the public sector is becoming increasingly characterized by the notion of governance. On the basis of a confrontation of theoretical insights and empirical data, this text analyses the roles and (steering) ambitions of different actors in this new situation. Two case studies of urban renewal processes in Amsterdam and Rotterdam are used to illustrate the complexity of urban renewal processes and the way in which this can be addressed through the formulation of a common problem definition.     

英国住房供应体系与规划政策新观察

重点回顾了现代英国与住房供应制度相关的规划政策变迁,为读者提供了一个清晰的制度演变历程。同时,也介绍了英国现行的住房供应体系的构成及演变过程。在同欧美其他国家的比较中,分析了现代英国住房供应制度的特点以及形成这些特点的原因。结合现代英国规划制度的特征,解读近年来英国房地产市场变化的特点。通过对英国经验的总结,获得我国住房供应体系值得借鉴的内容。     

中英两国建筑安全管理模式的比较研究

为健全建筑安全管理体制,提高我国建筑安全管理水平,采用比较法对中、英两国建筑安全的相关法律法规、安全管理体系、安全文化建设、安全投入与培训制度、安全管理理念等方面进行深入分析。指出当前国内建筑安全管理方面存在的主要不足,具体涉及：缺乏完整的建筑安全管理法律法规,缺乏清晰明了的监管机构组织,缺乏必要的安全培训与教育,缺乏对新型建筑理念的敏锐洞察力等。最后借鉴英国建筑安全管理模式和经验,提出相应的改进措施改进和完善建筑业安全管理模式,为我国今后建筑业的发展指明了方向。     

建筑施工企业的安全管理

阐述了OHSAS18001职业健康安全管理体系标准背景及概要，介绍了OHSAS18001职业健康安全管理体系标准与建筑施工企业的安全管理内容，结合实际情况，为作业人员和管理人员搭建了一座相互沟通的桥梁。     

Dutch urban renewal, transformation of the policy discourse 1960–2000

Since the sixties of the twentieth century, thepolicy of the Dutch government on urban renewalhas been subject to three approaches, each onedifferent from the others. Up until thebeginning of the seventies, the accent was onthe expansion of the function of the largercities as economic centers. The expansion ofthe inner city for that purpose proceeded atthe expense of the residential function of thebuilt-up area. Later, the main goal was justthe opposite; attention was turned to thequantitative and qualitative reinforcement ofthe urban residential function of the citycenter and its surrounding urban residentialneighborhoods. Under that approach, the accentwas placed on improving the housing conditionsof the `sitting' residents. Accordingly, theconstruction program consisted for the mostpart of social housing that was extrainexpensive. In the course of the nineties,this so-called classic urban renewal approachwas displaced by urban revitalization. The newapproach placed the accent on strengthening thecompetitive position of cities as locations forpromising economic sectors and households withhigher incomes. This article attempts to characterize these`shifts' in policy on the grounds of a methodderived from discourse theory, which is brieflyexplained in the second section. The thirdsection typifies the policy philosophy of eachof the approaches and attempts to characterizethe changes in the policy discourse in relationto the continually changing combinations ofsocietal events and situations that, from theperspective of the policy sector, were eithernot foreseen or difficult to influence.Looking at the way policy has developed over alonger period, it seems to be less of arational learning process than a`merry-go-round' of fixed themes, visions, andsolutions that jostle for priority and keepcoming back only to disappear again. Furthermore, the logical consistency of apolicy philosophy – for instance, betweennormative and causal assumptions and measures proves to be more the exception than therule.     

浅谈建筑装修工程施工中的安全监理工作

针对装饰施工中职业安全健康和环境风险的识别进行了介绍,分析了施工中存在的特点、难点和风险,阐述了监理在装修工程安全监理的方法,并提出装修施工中要引起重视的问题,以期指导实践。     

Housing quality perceptions in Finland: the elderly population

Housing and health issues can vary over time and between populations. The elderly population is increasing worldwide. Yet only limited information exists about housing conditions: changes over time, and the relationships between health and safety among the elderly. Based on repeated surveys (2007 and 2011), housing and health issues in Finland were assessed, especially among the elderly (more than 65 years old). From various housing factors studied, the largest differences between surveys were in thermal comfort. From the six outcomes studied – satisfaction with the dwelling, maintenance, indoor air quality (IAQ), perceived safety, general health, and sleeping difficulties – only satisfaction with the dwelling had significant temporal variation. Modelling the outcomes led to a selection of variables that were significantly associated with the outcomes. The models’ sensitivity was 65–81% for perceived safety and satisfaction with the dwelling, maintenance, and IAQ, whereas it was only 5% for sleeping difficulties and 32% for general health status. Among the elderly, higher odds ratios (ORs) were found for the associations between housing satisfaction and non-elevated radon concentrations, accessibility, dwelling size, and stuffy odour, as compared with the total population sample. The results are useful for developing policies that increase wellbeing, and for building owners wishing to increase housing satisfaction among occupants.     

Factors affecting the safety of the construction industry

It was concluded from the survey that safety officers and workers agreed on the top six factors, the first three being maintaining safe working conditions, establishing safety training and educating workers and supervisors.     

Matériau de construction terre

The Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Zurich has made a special study of research and development work on earth building, which is attracting increasing attention both in the third world and in some western countries, notably in France. Data is presented on mechanical and thermal performance, on the economics of the material and the site techniques which affect costs. A main conclusion is that the ordinary unmodified material should be considered in its own right as useful and competitive, provided its application does not involve problems of transport, intensive handling or additives.     

Developments in the provision of housing finance in the UK

Recommended reading for providers and designers of housing. The results of the housing finance changes in the UK included a wider range of institutions involved, significant developments in the source and delivery of that finance, as well as important changes in government policy opening up social housing to the private finance market, targeting subsidy more directly at particular groups of individuals and introduction of specific supply subsidies to new private rented sector. The considerable unease with certain outcomes is dealt with.     

Research statement

The subject of tolerances in building has assumed increasing importance as construction strives towards greater precision, but the issues involved occasionally become confused. This introductory guide as to where and when a tolerance should be specified or observed has therefore been prepared by CIB Working Commission W49 which deals with this question.     

浅谈水泥企业GB/T45001-2020《职业健康安全管理体系 要求及使用指南》标准的实施

2018年3月12日,国际标准化组织发布了ISO 45001:2018《职业健康安全管理体系 要求和使用指南》,首次将该标准国际化。2020年3月6日,国家市场监督管理总局、国家标准化管理委员会等同转化了该标准,发布了GB/T 45001—2020《职业健康安全管理体系 要求及使用指南》,为企业换版认证提供了中文标准。本文通过笔者对水泥企业多年职业健康安全管理体系实施和运行的体会及参与认证的一些经历,对新版标准及其应用提出一些粗浅的理解和认识,以期对众多创建新版ISO 45001的获证企业提供一些参考和帮助。     

The Choice Agenda in Disability Housing Provision

The notion of choice is emerging as fundamental to new approaches to the provision of housing for people with intellectual disabilities. In order to achieve a more coherent and informed understanding of choice as a basis for theory, policy and practice in housing for people with intellectual disabilities, what is necessary is a clearer understanding of the complexities and tensions inherent in the idea of choice and their implications. Therefore, this paper considers three main themes which give rise to a more critical conceptualization of choice: a tension between the formalist and the redistributive approach to social justice; a tension between the individuality implied by choice and the community-care ethos of disability housing; and the institutional implications of the choice agenda within and beyond state-administration. The manifestation of these tensions is illustrated using a case study: housing for people with intellectual disabilities in the State of Victoria, Australia.     

上海安替比奥先锋制药厂设计与GMP规范的实际应用

剖析了上海安替比奥先锋制药厂的建筑设计 ,探讨了制药工业的建筑特性以及GMP的具体应用。