A framework for proactive construction defect management using BIM,augmented reality and ontology-based data collection template

In construction process, defects occur inevitably and repeatedly. It is one of the primary causes of project schedule and cost overruns. Many studies on defect causation analysis and management system have been conducted to facilitate defect measures and rectifications as well as to reduce the reoccurrence of the defect. However, those studies did not sufficiently consider the relationship of defect information flow in the construction process, which resulted in reactive rather than proactive defect management plan. This paper investigates the issues and needs of current defect management practices in the construction industry. It also presents a conceptual system framework for construction defect management that integrates ontology and augmented reality (AR) with building information modeling (BIM). The following three main technical solutions are proposed in the system framework: 1) defect data collection template to assure data quality and accuracy; 2) defect domain ontology to search and retrieve project or work-specific defect information; and 3) AR-based Defect Inspection System to support field defect management. It is envisaged that the system framework and solutions could enable proactive reduction of the defect occurrence during the construction process and that could greatly improve current defect management practices in the construction industry.     

A formalism for utilization of sensor systems and integrated project models for active construction quality control

Defects experienced during construction are costly and preventable. However, inspection programs employed today cannot adequately detect and manage defects that occur on construction sites, as they are based on measurements at specific locations and times, and are not integrated into complete electronic models. Emerging sensing technologies and project modeling capabilities motivate the development of a formalism that can be used for active quality control on construction sites. In this paper, we outline a process of acquiring and updating detailed design information, identifying inspection goals, inspection planning, as-built data acquisition and analysis, and defect detection and management. We discuss the validation of this formalism based on four case studies.     

Challenges for capturing and assessing initial embodied energy: a contractor’s perspective

Initial embodied energy includes energy use during material, transportation, and construction life cycle phases up to project practical completion. Contractors have an important role to play in reducing initial embodied energy levels due to their significant involvement in preconstruction and onsite construction activities. Following an extensive literature review a comprehensive framework was designed to highlight the significance of initial embodied energy levels relative to specific construction packages, activities and subcontractors. This framework was then applied to a new UK industrial warehouse project using a case study approach. Capturing information from a live project during the entire construction phase helped highlight the practical challenges inherent when capturing and assessing initial embodied energy levels. A series of contractor current practices was reviewed to determine their compliance with the framework requirements. The findings revealed that the ground and upper floor, external slab and frame were the most significant construction packages in terms of embodied impacts. Many challenges embedded within the contractor’s current practices in terms of data detail, legibility, and terminology were also revealed. The framework provides a practical approach for initial embodied energy assessment which can readily be adopted by contractors to help highlight opportunities to increase efficiency.     

Neuro-fuzzy network for the classification of buried pipe defects

Pipeline infrastructure is decaying at an accelerating rate due to reduced funding and insufficient quality control resulting in poor installation, little or no inspection and maintenance, and a general lack of uniformity and improvement in design, construction and operation practices. The current practice that is being followed to inspect the conditions of pipes is usually time consuming, tedious and expensive. It may also lead to diagnostic errors due to lack of concentration of human operators. Buried pipe defect classification is thus a practical and important pattern classification problem. These defects appear in the form of randomly shaped cracks and holes, broken joints and laterals, and others. This paper proposes a new neuro-fuzzy classifier that combines neural networks and concepts of fuzzy logic for the classification of defects by extracting features in segmented buried pipe images. A comparative evaluation of the K-NN, fuzzy K-NN, conventional backpropagation network, and proposed neuro-fuzzy projection network classifiers is carried out. Among the five neural methods implemented and tested, the proposed neuro-fuzzy classifier performs the best, with classification accuracies around 90% on real concrete pipe images.     

基于深度学习的排水管道缺陷内窥检测智能识别系统研究

目前国内各城市已普遍采用管道机器人深入管道内部摄取视频影像,有效获取到可供管道缺陷检测的一手资料,但缺陷识别大部分依靠人工目视识别,耗时耗力,生产周期长。利用福州市勘测院多年累积的管道检测数据,基于Pytorch深度学习框架、建立了排水管道缺陷内窥检测智能识别系统,包括:数据预处理,残差神经网络设计与训练、系统集成等。重点实现了三级组合识别模型建构(二分类,类型识别,等级识别),解决了系统准确度等技术难题。经生产实践表明:模型准确率高,可有效提高管道健康状况检查质量和效率。     

桥梁板式橡胶支座安装缺陷及防治

根据对江苏航道整治工程改建桥梁的监督检查数据总结,分析了板式橡胶支座安装的主要缺陷,提出从预防和缺陷处治两方面着手,严格按支座安装工艺施工,防止支座缺陷的发生,加强对支座安装施工中间质量的检查,及时发现支座的安装缺陷,并加以处治的措施。     

浅析信息化在建设工程检测管理中的应用

随着建设工程检测业务的大幅度增加，检测单位数量也迅速增加，如何应用先进的信息化管理模式来为建设工程检测管理服务是一项当务之急的任务。本文论述了工程检测质量管理信息化系统的要求、优点及管理内容，并以福建省为例，阐明信息化在建设工程检测管理中应用的必然性和优越性。     

BIM技术在工程全过程精细化项目管理中的应用

建筑信息模型(BIM)是工程建设行业具有战略意义的新技术。基于BIM理念和技术,本文分析了工程项目全过程BIM技术的现状和前景。结合大栅栏北京坊项目所有参与方共享的协同工作环境,实现了从设计、招投标、施工及交付全过程的BIM模型信息管理,达到提高设计质量与品质、加强施工管理与投资控制、便捷项目交付于运营管理的目标。在项目实施工程中建立了一个面向建设方的企业级BIM实施标准及工程数据管理云平台,实现BIM价值的最大化。     

浅谈建筑工程施工过程中的技术资料管理

针对工程项目施工技术资料管理进行了探讨,介绍了对项目专职资料管理员的要求和建筑施工单位施工技术资料的基本要求,并对施工资料的内容进行了分类,阐述了施工技术资料报验过程控制及其作用,以期指导实践。     

Developing and evaluating a framework of total constraint management for improving workflow in liquefied natural gas construction

Liquefied natural gas projects are complex and full of variability. Their plan reliability is affected by constraints arising from engineering, supply chains and construction site. Effective management of these constraints is critical to reducing project uncertainties and improve workflow. However, current approaches for constraint removal are fragmented and heavily rely on human’s commitments because the underlying data for decision-making are static and outdated. In order to tackle this problem, this paper proposes a framework of total constraint management (TCM), which consists of three main parts: constraint modelling, constraint monitoring and constraint removal. Information technologies (i.e. building information modelling, radio frequency identification, barcoding, laser scanning and photogrammetry) are also discussed and incorporated into the TCM framework so as to make it more practical and effective. A laboratory-based experiment was developed to demonstrate and evaluate the framework. The results showed that successful implementation of TCM could significantly improve construction workflow and productivity.     

谈工程变更的控制

论文重点论述了在目前城市轨道交通工程项目管理模式下,项目运行过程中所遇到的工程变更、分类及处理工程变更的策略和方法。加强对设计前期方案的管理力度,减少设计施工阶段的变更,完善现场变更费用管理办法,有效提高变更管理水平。     

基于无差异曲线分析方法的公路工程建设质量提升研究

随着当前法律法规的不断完善,信息化技术的迅速发展,人们迫切希望改革的心情,如何改革工程项目管理体系,提升公路工程建设质量成为急需解决的问题。 利用无差异曲线分析并建立以技术进步与管理改进为投入要素的质量提升效果模型,基于南中监理改革案例,分析并判断改革对工程建设质量提升的效果。 研究发现技术进步与管理改进投入均可使工程质量水平提高,但质量提升效果需要考虑成本约束条件,且若想达到改革后的均衡状态需要精心长期地付出及相关制度与政策的同步变革。     

A defect management system for reinforced concrete work utilizing BIM,image-matching and augmented reality

The repeated and inevitable occurrence of defects remains one of the primary causes of project schedule and cost overruns in construction. Currently, quality management on site is done by site managers through their visual senses. However, it is often challenging for a handful of site managers to perform quality management efficiently for an entire site based on inspected progress of construction works. As a consequence, inspections are often omitted, resulting in faulty construction and quality degradation which may necessitate rework. This may adversely affect project costs and schedule. This paper addresses these issues by utilizing BIM, image-matching, and augmented reality (AR) to develop two types of defect management systems including: 1) an image-matching system to enable quality inspection without visiting the real work site; and 2) a mobile DM-AR app which enables workers and managers to automatically detect dimension errors and omissions on the jobsite. The two systems are tested and evaluated by lab and site experiments for reinforcement concrete (RC) work to assess the benefits and limitations. Experimental results demonstrate the defect management system's effectiveness in automatic omission and error detection at real job sites. The study emphasizes the potential applicability of BIM, image-matching, and AR technologies that could be utilized to improve construction defect management.     

合作BT模式下E大学学生公寓招标监管分析

BT管理模式已经在基础设施和公用事业领域得到了广泛的应用,但国内目前仍然缺乏对于BT项目招标监管的研究。文章以E大学学生公寓项目为例,从项目发起人、投资行政主管部门和建设行政主管部门等项目参与者的角度,详细分析了合作BT项目在招标计划、实施和监督过程中出现的问题。在探索BT项目招标问题发生原因的基础上,提出了相关的监管改善建议,包括完善基础设施项目相关法制、完善绩效评价和激励机制、建立项目监管信息系统和改善项目参与者的管理能力等。     

基于区块链的建筑产业工人信息集成化管理研究

为解决目前建筑工人管理过程中的信息不对称、信息碎片化、信任缺失、数据真实性与安全性存疑等问题,借助区块链技术的安全可信、难篡改及可追溯等优势,构建了五层结构的建筑产业工人信息管理框架,为建筑工人信息多阶段一体化集成管理提供架构参考。探索了建筑工人职业各阶段的信息集成化管理路径,并设计了基于区块链的建筑工人档案权限管理与调转方案,提高建筑工人信息的完整性,推动工人信息价值提升,助力建筑产业工人队伍信息化建设。     

Attention-guided multiscale neural network for defect detection in sewer pipelines

Sanitary sewer systems are major infrastructures in every modern city, which are essential in protecting water pollution and preventing urban waterlogging. Since the conditions of sewer systems continuously deteriorate over time due to various defects and extrinsic factors, early intervention in the defects is necessary to prolong the service life of the pipelines. However, prior works for defect inspection are limited by accuracy, efficiency, and economic cost. In addition, the current loss functions in object detection approaches are unable to handle the imbalanced data well. To address the above drawbacks, this paper proposes an automatic defect detection framework that accurately identifies and localizes eight types of defects in closed-circuit television videos based on a deep neural network. First, an effective attention module is introduced and used in the backbone of the detector for better feature extraction. Then, a novel feature fusion mechanism is presented in the neck to alleviate the problem of feature dilution. After that, an efficient loss function that can reasonably adjust the weight of training samples is proposed to tackle the imbalanced data problem. Also, a publicly available dataset is provided for defect detection tasks. The proposed detection framework is robust against the imbalanced data and achieves a state-of-the-art mean average precision of 73.4%, which is potentially applied in realistic sewer defect inspections.     

Development of a bridge maintenance system for prestressed concrete bridges using 3D digital twin model

Abstract

Preventive maintenance is increasingly becoming an essential strategy in the bridge industry owing to its proactive advantage of maintaining the structural sustainability during its entire service life. Several in-use bridges lack an appropriate regular maintenance solution, leading to extra cost during the operation stage. This paper proposes a new generation of the bridge maintenance system by using a digital twin model concept for more reliable decision-making. A detailed solution is proposed in this work to enhance the bridge maintenance process using a parallel solution: a maintenance information management system based on a 3D information model in conjunction with a digital inspection system using image processing. Three-dimensional digital models are required to utilise information from the entire lifecycle of a project, including design and construction, operation, and maintenance, by continuously exchanging and updating data from each stakeholder. For the maintenance of prestressed concrete bridges, the twin models are defined and their uses are presented.     

基于Cloud-BIM 的工程项目数据管理研究

建筑业动态和碎片的属性导致项目协同团队之间的数据管理在工程项目生命周期内没有获得有效改善。研究提出了工程项目大数据实时处理模型和基于Cloud-BIM 的模型应用框架,Cloud-BIM 平台对工程项目大数据进行收集、集成、关联、存储和数据挖掘,实现工程项目数据的再利用和知识管理。基于云计算的应用框架不仅使个人与项目团队之间,而且使各个项目组织之间以一致的、实时的、可持续、基于项目生命周期的方式进行数据管理,从而有效提高项目不同组织界面之间的协同工作,有助于把项目数据转换成组织的信息资产。     

Evaluating the value IT adds to the process of project information management in construction

This paper looks at the potential applications and benefits of using the Balanced Scorecard (BSC) as a framework to evaluate the value IT adds to the process of project information management in construction. The paper builds upon recently published works by the authors, by further strengthening the conceptually developed ‘Construct IT’ BSC framework, through the validation of the frameworks five (5) IT-related performance measurement perspectives and associated performance indicators. Construction professionals from large construction contracting and project management organisations located within Australia were used as the target group for a questionnaire survey. The survey results supported the five perspective ‘Construct IT’ BSC framework. Evidence of reliability and validity is presented for the conceptual framework.     

项目群管理在建设工程项目中的应用研究

为了推动项目群管理在建设工程项目中的应用,从传统项目管理目前呈现的缺陷入手,通过分析项目群管理概念、理论来源及其与传统项目管理的区别,对项目群在工程建设项目中的分类做了研究,从项目特点、项目群管理对传统项目管理的改善、工程项目发展趋势和建筑业企业发展需要等四个方面阐释了项目群管理在建设工程项目中的适用性。