1993～2003年中国建筑业全要素生产率增长的实证研究

采用非参数Malmquist指数法对中国建筑业全要素生产率(TFP)增长状况及其结构进行了实证分析。研究表明,1993-2003年中国建筑业TFP的增长主要得益于建筑业技术进步水平的提高,而技术效率的下降对其产生了负面影响;东、中、西部地区建筑业TFP增长及其动力存在区域差异;同时也表明区域建筑业发展有收敛趋势,通过技术扩散与学习可实现行业总体和谐发展。     

考虑规模经济影响的建筑业全要素生产率增长测定

相比于索洛模型,周方模型将全要素生产率变动拆分为规模经济影响和科技进步两项,更适合于中国建筑业。选取建筑业增加值作为产出,建筑业从业人员劳动报酬和福利之和作为劳动投入,固定资产和流动资产之和作为资本投入,估计中国建筑业的生产函数。针对1993 年到2009 年的统计数据,测定了全要素生产率增长率,规模经济增长率,科技进步增长率。结果发现由于规模不经济的影响,科技进步贡献不高,全要素生产率年增长平均为负,中国建筑业经济增长质量较差。     

建筑业全要素生产率测量研究综述

创新驱动发展主要靠全要素生产率(TFP)的提升体现,因此TFP的准确测量是促进建筑业走创新驱动发展之路的必备条件,但目前TFP多为间接测量,学界争议较多。从指标选择、研究方法角度,系统评述WOS等数据库中关于建筑业TFP测度的文献,指出不足之处并提出改进方案,为建筑业全要素生产率的准确测度提供参考。     

最低工资标准对建筑业全要素生产率的影响研究

为研究最低工资标准对建筑业全要素生产率的影响,利用我国30 个省、直辖市、自治区2002~2016 年的省际建筑业面板数据,采用固定效应模型对二者的关系进行研究。结果发现:最低工资标准每增长10%,建筑业全要素生产率将提高0.865 个百分比。进一步研究发现,最低工资标准可以通过促使建筑业企业的技术创新,进而提高全要素生产率;同时,最低工资标准将会影响劳动力在建筑业与其他行业之间的流动和配置,促进行业转型,提高建筑业全要素生产率。提高最低工资标准对于改善劳动力配置、促进产业升级会产生积极作用,对于提高建筑业全要素生产率具有重要意义。     

中国建筑业大型承包企业绩效的测度研究

客观和准确的评价大型承包企业群体的绩效对于整个建筑业的健康发展起着至关重要的作用。采用全要素生产率增长分解和随机边界生产函数方法对大型承包企业全要素生产率进行实证测算分析,并试图与产值利润率和劳动生产率指标进行比较。研究发现大型承包企业2002～2008年的全要素生产率年度平均增长率为9.33%,表明我国建筑业大型承包企业的质量取得了较大的进步,但增长率呈逐年下降的发展趋势。三项指标的比较表明,劳动生产率和产值利润率指标保持了基本的一致性,都呈逐渐增长趋势,而全要素生产率指标则呈逐渐下降趋势。最后对全要素生产率变化的原因进行了分析。     

中国建筑业经济增长影响因素分析与实证研究

结合现代经济增长理论深入地分析了影响中国建筑业经济增长的主要因素,并根据中国建筑业1995～2003年的相关数据对我国建筑业经济增长模型及相关因素的贡献做了定量分析.研究表明,中国建筑业产出增长主要受资本投入、劳动投入和技术进步共同推动,三者对建筑业经济增长的贡献分别为59.31%、27.54%和13.15%:1995～2003年我国建筑业发展的生产函数模型为:Q=2.56 L0.298K0.780;中国建筑业现阶段处于规模效益递增的发展阶段,属于主要依赖要素投入的粗放型发展模式.     

一带一路” 沿线建筑业全要素生产率的时空差异及空间效应

运用 DEA-Malmquist 指数法对“一带一路” 沿线省域建筑业全要素生产率进行测度和分析,构建空间计量模型进行实证研究。结果表明, “一带一路” 沿线建筑业全要素生产率整体呈 S 型变化趋势,但不同地区间差异显著,丝绸之路经济带核心区、战略支点区明显高于对外窗口区和开放先行区。此外,地区经济发展水平、人力资本、科技水平、对外开放水平、产业结构和产业规模对沿线建筑业全要素生产率的提升具有不同的影响效应,推动建筑业转型升级是当前所面临的主要问题。研究旨在为新时期建筑业高质量发展和“一带一路” 倡议的实施提供参考。     

安徽省建筑业科技进步贡献实证分析：1995～2009

以1995～2009年为研究期,采用投入三要素模型,并考虑市场变化带来的结构性冲击影响,对安徽省建筑业经济增长各要素的贡献进行实证分析。结果显示,安徽省建筑业主要依靠市场需求扩张下的要素聚集推动,而科技进步贡献较小。提高全要素生产率特别是内生性技术创新能力,是建筑业持续发展和建筑企业提升核心竞争力的必由之路。     

中国建筑业动态绿色全要素生产率测度研究

为弥补已有动态绿色全要素生产率（GTFP）测度方法合理性不足的问题,构建了一种改进的 Global Malmquist- Luenberger（GML）生产率指数,并将其用于合理评估 2011~2017 年期间中国建筑业动态 GTFP。研究发现:与标准 GML 生产率指数相比,改进的 GML 生产率指数能够更合理地测度动态 GTFP;2011~2014 年期间,GML 大于 1,表明建筑业 GTFP 持续增长;在 2015~2017 年期间,GML 从 0.986 下降至 0.971,表明建筑业 GTFP 下降;中国建筑业 GTFP 发展存在明显的 区域异质性。研究结果为中国建筑业低碳转型政策制定提供了科学依据,对于提高其他行业或国家动态 GTFP 评估的准确性 具有参考价值     

建筑业全要素生产率影响因素及发展特征分析

为了科学、系统地评价建筑业整体生产效率及发展水平,基于聚类分析和回归分析筛选出影响建筑业生产效率的投入、产出因素。在此基础上运用数据包络分析方法（ DEA）和 Malmquist 模型,从静态和动态角度分析了 2000~2019 年我国31 个省市的建筑业生产效率及发展特征。结果表明:我国建筑业整体效率仍不高;不同地区生产效率差异明显,阻碍了整体效率的提升;各地区建筑业全要素生产率都有所提高,主要由技术进步驱动。并提出优化产业结构,推进区域合作,迈向智能建造的建筑业高质量发展建议。     

The European construction industry and its competitiveness: a construct of the European Commission

The 'European construction industry' is a fiction that tends to obscure its heterogeneous character and to mar studies and policies of the European Commission aimed at improving the internal and external 'competitiveness' of the sector. In order to assess the process of integration in Europe under the impact of its own dynamics as well as Union policies, this paper looks at the dynamics of the sector from three different aspects: as investment, production and labour process. It shows, in particular, the persistent regional and social disparities dividing the industry into separate entities. Political attention tends to focus on a small number of construction companies competing for a few projects which represent the European dimension. Yet, these companies still rely on their respective national bases and local labour from the place where construction is carried out. Persistent divisions between the states are also reflected in the low level of transnational organization of the construction industry. The policy of the European Commission generally ignores these divisions and attempts to establish principles intended to make a whole sector more 'competitive', while its component parts, operating at hugely different levels of productivity, do not even meet on the same market. This paper argues that, instead of trying in vain to introduce a 'knock-out' system of competition in the EU Member States, a targeted approach might help raise productivity in lagging regions and thus improve the basis of competitiveness on global markets.     

中国省会城市基础设施投资效率评价研究

为了探究省会城市基础设施投资效率的水平、差异及影响因素, 以中国省会城市 2010—2022 年的数据为基础,采用超效率 SBM 模型和 Malmquist 指数法测度基础设施投资效率与全要素生产率,并构建 Tobit 回归模型分析城市基础设施投资效率的影响因素。研究发现: 基础设施投资效率高的区域有两个特征:一是高投入、高产出, 这些城市人口集聚、 经济发展和科技水平排在全国前列;二是低投入、高产出,这些城市规模大,发展迅速,产业结构以第二、三产业为主。 规模效率对各区域的基础设施投资全要素生产率有显著正向影响, 科学技术支出和人口密度对全国省会城市基础设施投资效率平均水平有显著正向影响。     

Analysis of the causality links between the growth of the construction industry and the growth of the macro‐economy in Ghana

A vibrant construction industry in a developing country, that mobilizes human and local material resources in the development and maintenance of buildings, housing and physical infrastructure, is an important means to promote increased local employment and accelerate economic growth. Ghana, a country of about 22 million people, currently has one of the fastest growing economies in West Africa. The Government of Ghana (GOG) has recently set a target of annual economic growth rate of 8% and above, up from annual growth rates of 5–6% in the past five years (2001–05). It intends to use the agricultural sector as the major vehicle for achieving such high growth rates in order for the country to reach the status of a middle income country by 2015. Surprisingly, the construction industry was left out from the list of major growth drivers of the economy. We contend that with the construction industry currently making up the third largest sector of the economy, special attention should be given to this industry as one of the main drivers of economic growth in Ghana. Therefore we conducted a study to analyse the causality links between the growth in the construction industry and the growth in the macro‐economy of Ghana, measured by the gross domestic product (GDP), to ascertain whether the construction industry can be used to lead the entire economy on a growth path. The analysis was based on a simple Granger causality test using time series data from 1968 to 2004. We showed that growth in the construction industry Granger‐caused growth in GDP, with a three‐year lag. The construction industry needs to be considered as one of the major drivers of economic growth in Ghana.     

数字化转型对中国上市建筑业企业全要素生产率的影响研究

为了探究数字化转型对建筑类企业全要素生产率的影响,选取 A 股上市建筑业企业 2014—2022 年的数据,利用基准回归模型进行实证分析。研究表明,数字化转型对于提升建筑业企业的全要素生产率有着积极促进作用,而这一促进作用在不同类型的建筑业企业全要素生产率的提升效果存在明显差异。具体而言,就是对非国有、小规模及位于东部和处于成长阶段的建筑业企业全要素生产率促进作用更为显著,而对于国有、大规模、中西部及成熟和衰退阶段的建筑业企业,数字化转型对他们的全要素生产率促进效果不明显。     

A critical discussion of models for conceptualizing the economic logic of construction

The construction industry has developed a certain economic logic that reflects the way in which tasks, parts, and units are organized and related to each other in order to create economic benefits in the construction process. Four different models in the literature portray this logic. We examine how they complement and constitute alternatives to understandings of the economic logic of the construction industry. Along with transaction cost economics, we have identified three more empirically based models: a project-oriented model, a supply-chain-oriented model, and a network-oriented model. Associated with different streams of research, these models are discussed in terms of the typical problems and key interdependencies in the construction process they address, and the type of solutions they suggest, including organizing principles for how construction parties should relate to each other. The findings show how examining different models provides a comprehensive, albeit non-exhaustive overview and an explanation of why the construction process is organized in the way it is. There is a need for increased awareness of the utilization of models (or combinations of models) and the models must also be seen as arguments in a broader discussion of how the construction process could or should function.     

How does wage polarization affect productivity? The case of Spanish regions

The effect of wage polarization on total factor productivity (TFP) in the Spanish regions between 2004 and 2012 is analysed using dynamic panel estimates. The main finding of this research is that there seems to be some evidence that polarization can affect productivity negatively. Although the specification of the models seems to be correct, the time period studied is brief, so these results should be interpreted with caution.