建筑施工常见事故及案例分析

本文总结了建筑施工现场的常见事故及应急处理,结合实际的工程案例,对造成安全事故的各种原因进行了分析,分析结果可帮助建筑施工企业降低工程安全事故发生的几率。     

基于灰色马尔科夫链的建筑事故死亡人数预测研究

建筑安全事故统计数据少、波动大,预测建筑事故死亡人数的精度往往偏低。在传统的预测模型的基础上,取灰色预测模型所需样本少,马尔科夫链可以预测随机波动大的动态过程的优势,建立灰色马尔科夫链,可以增强预测的精度。将该方法以我国2003-2012年建筑事故死亡人数为基础,对2013-2014年我国建筑安全事故死亡人数进行预测,并提出适当的管理措施。     

几种钢筋接头连接技术的比较

介绍了手工电弧焊、钢筋冷挤压连接和钢筋螺纹连接技术的工作原理及其注意事项,归纳总结了钢筋机械连接的优点,对三种钢筋接头技术的成本、接头质量进行了对比分析,指明了三种钢筋接头技术各自的适用范围,以供参考。     

建设工程招投标投诉的处理及化解

本文就建设工程招投标活动中,投诉案件的发生率不断提高,矛盾日趋激化,社会影响大等问题,通过创新管理模式,加大监管力度,全面规范招投标各方主体的行为,正确处理投诉纠纷,从源头上遏止腐败,化解投诉隐患,促进招投标活动逐步走向规范化,法制化的轨道发展,共同维护招投标各方的合法权益。     

静压桩常见事故处理和沉桩工艺的选择

文章通过某房地产项目静压桩施工质量事故原因分析,提出了事故解决办法与新的沉桩工艺.     

浅析现浇钢筋混凝土板裂缝原因及防治

本文从设计、施工现场、原材料性质、质量和配合比等因素分析混凝土板裂缝原因,并提出防治措施。     

事故废水设计探讨

本文结合设计实践,浅谈化工项目的事故废水设计。     

Identification of parameters for embodied energy measurement: A literature review

The building construction industry consumes a large amount of resources and energy and, owing to current global population growth trends, this situation is projected to deteriorate in the near future. Buildings consume approximately 40 percent of total global energy: during the construction phase in the form of embodied energy and during the operation phase as operating energy. Embodied energy is expended in the processes of building material production (mining and manufacture), on-site delivery, construction and assembly on-site, renovation and final demolition. Recent studies have considered the significance of embodied energy inherent in building materials, with a specific focus on this fraction of sequestered energy. Current interpretations of embodied energy are quite unclear and vary greatly, and embodied energy databases suffer from problems of variation and incomparability. Furthermore, there is no reliable template, standard or protocol regarding embodied energy computations that could address these problems in embodied energy inventories. This paper focuses on the analysis of existing literature in order to identify differing parameters so that development of a consistent and comparable database can be facilitated.     

双曲线冷却塔独立式塔机倒塌工程事故的处理

根据现浇双曲线冷却塔施工过程中发生的塔吊倒塌重大工程事故 ,阐述事故发生的背景、原因及处理程序和方法     

Crisis management in Turkish construction industry

Various economical crises have affected Turkish economy during the last decade and construction industry has always been among the hardest hit; giving the idea that a comprehensive approach to crisis management is unavoidable. However, literature showed no findings related with crisis management applications by construction companies. Thus, a questionnaire survey was undertaken by the top management of 120 construction companies to investigate the degree of crisis management applications throughout the industry, mainly focusing on the outcomes during the economical crisis in 2001. Frequency analysis, Likert scale of comparison, Thurstone's paired comparisons, Pearson's chi-square test and Fisher's exact test were used to evaluate the results.     

威乳高速公路小庄大桥桩基人工挖孔施工

结合工程概况,阐述了人工挖孔的适用条件,总结了施工中合理的机械设备和人员安排情况,重点介绍了人工挖孔的施工工艺和施工方法,并指出了人工挖孔作业中的注意事项及人工挖孔方法成孔的优点,以达到降低成本、提高效益、缩短工期的目的。     

采用机械与爆破联合作业对建筑物进行控制拆除

人工机械拆除法是以机械为主、人工为辅的建筑物拆除方法,其优点是噪声和粉尘污染小、方式灵活、限制少,缺点是效率低、工期长、效益差。对部分建筑物拆除采用人工机械与爆破相结合的方式,能降低拆除施工的难度和增强作业的安全性。工程实例表明,这样的联合作业可以发挥最大的优势。     

冰雪天气车辆事故救援对策

摘 要：针对冰雪路面车辆交通事故的紧急性、突发性、不确定性和社会影响广泛性等特点,本文在分析冰雪路面车辆事故救援现状及救援难点的基础上,提出冰雪路面车辆事故救援处置程序,并给出车辆事故救援应对措施,以期为低温条件下车辆事故救援提供技术参考。     

福建省建筑施工企业信用评价体系建设探讨

信用体系建设有利于规范建筑施工企业行为,促进建筑业持续健康发展。本文简要介绍福建省建筑施工企业信用评价体系建设的基本思路,为着力解决建筑市场存在的突出问题提供参考。     

住宅楼火灾后预应力空心板受力性能分析

通过对某住宅楼火灾现场的调查和构件结构性能检测 ,讨论分析了火灾后预应力空心板的刚度、抗裂性能、承载力 ,并提出了可行的加固方案     

化工园区事故分析及消防安全管理

针对2010年以来国内化工园区发生的火灾事故,依照"管道设备、反应器设备、储存设备及其他设备"4个方面进行分类,分析4类火灾事故及其具体案例的起因。在此基础上,探讨并总结化工园区火灾事故的具体原因及类型。结合事故原因、事故特点与已有文献资料,分别从"政策与规范、消防规划与建设、企业管理、人员管理"4个方面对未来消防安全管理领域的研究提出建议。     

Accident risks during handling of materials at building construction sites

The aim of the study was to analyse factors influencing the occurrence of accidents in materials handling. The supervisors’ and workers’ opinions about deficiencies and problems in the accident prevention during materials handling were surveyed. Materials handling in this study will mean all internal transfers at the construction site, work site storage, installation and removal of formwork, and installation of pre-cast concrete units. Altogether 422 accident report forms were analysed. Sixty-four per cent of the accidentsthat occurred at office and public building construction sites took place during construction of theframework. The corresponding percentage for accidents occurring during construction of the framework of high-rise apartment houses was 44%, that for terrace houses was 40%, for industrial sites 55%, and for building repair and renovation 50%. In the questionnaire study the data obtained from the site supervisors can be used to search for the basic reasons behind the problems. The opinions of the workers dealt more with how the basic problems were expressed at the practical level. The serious accidents (45 cases) investigated by the National Board of Labour Protection were classified according to the type of accidents.     

Designing for construction workers’ occupational health and safety: a case study of socio-material complexity

Drawing upon an empirical analysis of the design and construction of a food processing facility, a theoretical understanding of the impact of design decision-making on the occupational health and safety (OHS) of construction workers is developed. It is argued that current policy and legislative approaches to Construction Hazard Prevention through Design (CHPtD) are inherently limited because they do not adequately reflect the socio-material complexity of decision-making in construction design. Specifically, the simplistic attribution of responsibility to a single socio-technical actor, ‘the designer’, does not reflect the multiple and disparate influences that impact upon OHS outcomes. Nor do existing CHPtD policy frameworks, management processes and tools recognize the manner in which the interactions and associations between relevant project stakeholders and various non-human artefacts shape (and are also influenced by) the evolution of design decisions. Drawing on actor-network theory (ANT) and using embedded units within a case study approach, the interactions between human actors and non-human artefacts are explored in relation to the design of four components of the food processing facility. The way in which design decisions unfolded and shaped OHS experiences during the construction stage of the project is revealed. The research highlights limitations inherent in current approaches to the management of CHPtD and the need to develop a more robust theoretically based approach to integrating OHS considerations into construction design practice.