影响聚丙烯基木塑复合材料力学性能因素

研究了偶联剂、相容剂、木粉用量和木质填料种类对以聚丙烯（PP）为基体树脂制备小塑复合材料力学性能的影响。结果表明，以硅烷偶联剂处理木粉或直接加入相容剂均使复合材料力学性能得到提高；木粉用量的提高使复合材料冲击强度下降，弯曲强度、弯曲模量、拉伸强度则大幅提高；在分别以粒径为0．14mm木粉和0．22mm木粉、竹粉、花生壳粉、稻壳粉制备复合材料，以粒径为0．14mm木粉与PP制备的复合材料力学性能最好。     

聚乙烯热熔胶增容聚乙烯基木塑复合材料的研究

采用废木粉和高密度聚乙烯制备复合材料,并采用一种聚乙烯热熔胶作为相容剂以增进憎水性的聚乙烯基材和亲水性的木粉界面的相互作用。评价了该热熔胶的增容效果,并对其增容机理进行了详细论述。研究结果表明:该热熔胶的主要成分为马来酸酐接枝高密度聚乙烯(PE-HDg-MAH)和乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯共聚物(EVA);添加木粉有利于弯曲强度和弯曲模量的提高,但使冲击强度和拉伸强度迅速下降;该热熔胶可明显提高复合材料的力学性能,并且木粉的填充量越高,则增容作用就越明显;当木粉的用量为50％时,使用该热熔胶可使复合材料的拉伸强度、弯曲强度、弯曲模量和冲击强度分别提高115．6％、66．7％、38．1％和67％;基于这些结果可知,该热熔胶可显著提高聚乙烯基材／木粉界面处的亲和力,是聚乙烯基木塑复合材料理想的增容剂。     

用废木粉增强聚乙烯的研究

本研究采用废木粉为填料增强改性高密度聚乙烯。评价了马来酸酐接枝高密度聚乙烯（MAH-g-HDPE）对聚乙烯基木塑复合材料的增客效果，研究了木粉含量对复合材料力学性能和其它性能的影响，详细阐述了木粉的增强作用机理。研究结果表明：MAH-g-HDPE可显著增进憎水性基质和亲水性木粉之间的界面相互作用，明显改进复合材料的力学性能；在使用适当相客剂的情况下，木粉可明显提高聚乙烯的拉伸强度、弯曲强度和弯曲模量，具有良好的增强效果；当木粉含量为60％时，复合材料的拉伸强度、弯曲强度、弯曲模量分别高达38MPa、54MPa和3500MPa，若与纯基质相比，分别提高了43．4％、176％和283％。这些实验结果表明，木粉对聚乙烯具有明显的增强效果。     

mPE-g-MAH对HDPE/木粉复合材料的改性

采用废木粉填充高密度聚乙烯（HDPE）制备木塑复合材料。采用马来酸酐接枝茂金属聚乙烯（mPE—g-MAH）对复合材料进行增容和增韧，并阐述了它的增容和增韧机理。讨论了mPE—g—MAH用量对复合材料的力学性能如拉伸强度、冲击强度、弯曲强度、弯曲模量的影响。结果表明，mPE—g—MAH不仅可明显提高复合材料的强度和韧性，而且也使材料的弯曲模量有了一定的提高。当其质量分数为16％时，复合材料的拉伸强度、冲击强度分别由原来的16．2MPa和4．5kJ／m^2提高到30．5MPa和9．8kJ／m^2。     

几种木塑复合材料的性能对比

研究了木粉及界面增容剂含量对木塑复合材料(WPC)力学性能的影响,分析了增容剂对WPC熔融性能的变化。使用木粉填充可提高不同树脂基WPC的模量,但却降低了HDPE基WPC的拉伸强度及HDPE基、PP基WPC的弯曲强度。     

木粉粒径对木塑复合材料性能的影响

采用不同粒径的木粉填充高密度聚乙烯制备木塑复合材料，研究了木粉粒径对木塑复合材料力学性能和加工流动性的影响。结果表明：木粉粒径对复合材料性能的影响十分明显，较大粒径的木粉有利于复合材料弯曲性能和冲击强度的提高。木粉粒径从100μm增加到850μm，复合材料弯曲强度增加10．4％，弯曲模量增加56．3％，冲击强度增加14．6％。随木粉粒径的增大，拉伸强度呈现先上升后下降的趋势，在200μm时出现最大值。木粉粒径对熔体流动速率（MFR）和密度的影响十分明显，大粒径的木粉使复合材料具有较高的MFR和较低的密度。     

木质填料种类及含量对木塑复合材料性能的影响

研究了木质填料的种类和含量对木塑复合材料性能的影响。实验发现:随着木粉、竹粉含量的提高,复合材料的拉伸强度、维卡软化温度、弯曲强度和弯曲模量都得到了较大幅度的提高,冲击强度、断裂伸长率和熔体流动速率有所下降。不同粒径和不同种类的木质填料对复合材料的力学性能也有明显的影响,以100目木粉制得复合材料的性能最好,DSC实验数据分析表明:木粉、竹粉含量的变化对复合材料体系的熔融温度有影响;SEM扫描冲击断口形貌表明:相容剂能够有效改善木粉与HDPE界面的相容性,提高界面黏合力,从而使复合材料的性能得到提高。     

甲基化木粉与PE-g-MAH对木粉/HDPE复合材料力学性能的协同作用研究

主要研究了木粉表面甲基化改性和增容剂马来酸酐接枝聚乙烯(PE-g-MAH)对木粉/高密度聚乙烯(HDPE)复合材料力学性能的协同作用。木粉经表面甲基化处理后,与10%PE-g-MAH协同使用,甲基化木粉/PE-g-MAH/HDPE复合材料的拉伸强度、弯曲强度和冲击强度均明显高于未改性木粉/PE-g-MAH/HDPE复合材料,其原因在于在PE-g-MAH的作用下,甲基化木粉在聚合物基体中分布更加均匀,两者的界面作用力更高,即甲基化木粉和PE-g-MAH对提升木粉/HDPE复合材料的力学性能具有良好的协同作用。     

相容剂HDPE-g-(MAH-co-St)的合成及对HDPE/WF复合材料力学性能和吸水率的影响

将高密度聚乙烯/木粉(HDPE/WF)复合材料熔融混合后制成,并研究了自合成相容剂高密度聚乙烯接枝马来酸酐和苯乙烯多单体共聚物(HDPE-g-(MAH-co-St))的含量对HDPE/WF复合材料力学性能和吸水率的影响,并用FTIR、SEM、DMA对其接枝情况、断面形貌、动态力学性能进行表征。同时又与相容剂高密度聚乙烯接枝马来酸酐(HDPE-g-MAH)增容HDPE/WF复合材料的力学性能和吸水率进行对比。结果表明:当HDPE-g-(MAH-co-St)添加量为5份时,HDPE/WF复合材料的力学性能最佳,其中拉伸强度、冲击强度、弯曲强度、弯曲模量较未添加相容剂时提高了44.62%、29.09%、50.05%、32.65%;较添加5份HDPE-g-MAH增容HDPE/WF复合材料时提高了43.12%、8.06%、64.93%、22.98%。当HDPE-g-(MAH-co-St)添加量为5份时,HDPE/WF复合材料的30天吸水率最佳,较未添加相容剂时提高了68.47%,较添加5份HDPE-g-MAH增容HDPE/WF复合材料时提高了34.63%。     

碳纤维增强PE-UHMW/木粉复合材料的力学性能

为了改善超高分子量聚乙烯(PE-UHMW)的加工性能,提高其力学性能,以木粉和碳纤维为填料,制备了高填充量碳纤维增强PE-UHMW/木粉复合材料。研究了碳纤维含量对PE-UHMW/木粉复合材料弯曲性能、拉伸性能及动态热机械性能的影响。研究结果表明,加入碳纤维可提高PE-UHMW/木粉复合材料的弯曲强度及拉伸强度。拉伸强度和弯曲强度都随着碳纤维的含量的增加呈现出先增加后减小的趋势。当碳纤维质量分数为3%时,弯曲强度达到最大值,为25.2 MPa,比未加碳纤维时提高了46.5%。当碳纤维质量分数为2%时,弯曲强度达到最大值,为38.4 MPa,比未加碳纤维时提高了27.1%。随着碳纤维含量的增加,复合材料的储能模量显著提高。碳纤维的加入使复合材料的损耗因子峰值增大。     

Wood‐thermoplastic composites from wood flour and high‐density polyethylene

High‐density polyethylene/wood flour (HDPE/WF) composites were prepared by a twin‐screw extruder. The effects of WF, silane coupling agents, polymer compatibilizers, and their content on the comprehensive properties of the WF/HDPE composites have been studied in detail, including the mechanical, thermal, and rheological properties and microstructure. The results showed that both silane coupling agents and polymer compatibilizers could improve the interfacial adhesion between WF and HDPE, and further improve the properties of WF/HDPE composites, especially with AX8900 as a compatibilizer giving higher impact strength, and with HDPE‐g‐MAH as a compatibilizer giving the best tensile and flexural properties. The resultant composite has higher strength (tensile strength = 51.03 MPa) and better heat deflection temperature (63.1°C). © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2009     

Rheological properties of teak wood flour reinforced HDPE and maize starch composites

Teak wood flour reinforced high density polyethylene and maize starch composites were prepared by using maleic anhydride grafted polyethylene as a compatibilizer. The mechanical properties (tensile and flexural) of all the composites increased after addition of 10%–40% teak wood flour into HDPE matrix. The complex viscosity (η*) was higher for all the composites at the low frequency, but decreased with increasing frequencies indicating a shear thinning behavior of the composites. The storage modulus and loss modulus increased for the composites compared to the HDPE at low frequencies. Damping factor peak of HDPE and composites showed high below 1 Hz, but the peak start decreasing with increasing above 1 Hz. The relaxation behavior of HDPE and the composites after incorporating teak wood flour, maize starch, and compatibilizer was obtained by Han plot. Biodegradability was enhanced with the incorporation of teak wood flour, maize starch into the composites. Appreciable water uptake and the thickness swelling for the composites indicating it's potential for interior, automobile and packaging applications.     

Effectiveness of functionalized polyolefins as compatibilizers for polyethylene/wood flour composites

The effects of various types of compatibilizers on the mechanical properties of high‐density polyethylene/wood flour (HDPE/WF) composite were investigated. Functionalized polyolefins such as maleated and acrylic acid grafted polyethylenes, maleated polypropylene (PPgMA) and styrene‐ethylene/butylene‐styrene triblock copolymer (SEBSgMA) were incorporated to reduce the interfacial tension between the polyethylene matrix and the wood filler. Among them, it was found that maleated linear low‐density polyethylene (LLDPEgMA) gave maximum tensile and impact strength of the composites, presumably because of better compatibility with the HDPE matrix. Similar but less enhanced improvements in the mechanical properties, depending on the compatibilizer loading, were seen for the SEBSgMA system. Whereas acrylic acid grafted high‐density polyethylene (HDPEgAA) and maleated polypropylene (PPgMA) only slightly improved tensile modulus and tensile strength; and they both increased with increasing loadings of compatibilizers. A scanning electron microscopic study was employed to reveal the interfacial region and confirm these findings. In addition, dynamical mechanical thermal measurements also revealed the interaction between filler and matrix, and FTIR spectroscopy was used to assign the chemical fixation and the various chemical species involved at the surface of the wood fillers before and after surface treatment.     

PP-g-MAH增容改性木粉/PP复合材料的性能研究

以马来酸酐接枝聚丙烯 (PP-g-MAH) 为相容剂,聚丙烯 (PP) 为基体,通过熔融共混法制备了木粉/PP复合材料。研究了 PP-g-MAH 用量对复合材料力学性能及吸水性能的影响; 采用扫描电镜 (SEM) 观察了复合体系的冲击断面形貌。结果表明: 当 PP-g-MAH 的质量分数为 4%时,可以提高添加 35 份木粉复合材料体系的拉伸强度及弯曲强度,比未添加相容剂的分别提高了 49.4%和 16%,而缺口冲击强度仅下降了 9%。SEM 观察证实: PP-g-MAH 的加入有利于提高木粉与 PP 基体的界面相互作用。从吸水率来看,木粉/PP 复合材料的吸水率保持在 0.22% 以下,远低于纯木材。