认清新形势 明确新要求 部署新任务——总队全面部署2005年工作任务

2月26日，总队召开了全市消防部队2005年工作会，各支队、消防处、大队、直属单位的主要领导和总队机关干部参加了会议。会议认真总结了去年全市消防工作和队伍建设的可喜成绩，分析了当前形势，一是火灾形势越来越严峻，对消防工作和队伍建设提出了新要求，二是经济发展和城市建设力度加大，对消防工作和队伍建设提出了新要求。三是政府职能转型步伐加快，对消防工作和队伍建设提出了新要求。四是维护稳定任务进一步加重，对消防工作和队伍建设提出了新要求。     

改性聚醋酸乙烯乳液

聚醋酸乙烯乳液普遍存在着耐水性差，蠕变性大的缺点，使其应用受到了很大的限制。为了改善其性能，用氨基树脂对其进行了掺混性能改性，获得了理想的结果，本文根据聚醋酸乙粉分子结构和合成的乳液特点，对其耐水性差蠕变性大的原因作了分析和讨论，介绍了改进和提高聚醋酸乙烯乳液性能的原理和实验方法，对实验结果进行了综合讨论。     

粘土铺盖法在水利水电工程中的分析应用探讨

本文结合笔者多年水利水电工程施工实践，从粘土铺盖法的原理和适用条件入手，详细介绍了粘土的选用条件，并对粘土力学性质和渗透稳定性进行了分析，对施工方案设计进行了具体论述，对施工效果进行了综合评价。     

加筋土挡墙的应用与发展

对加筋土挡墙进行了介绍，简要阐述了加筋土挡墙的研究发展现状，对加筋土挡墙的计算方法和设计理论的优缺点进行了一些讨论，并对其发展进行了展望，从而促进加筋土挡墙的研究和应用。     

近现代建筑教育发展综述--兼论四川建筑教育策略

对近百年来国外建筑学专业教育发展的历程进行了回顾，对欧洲和北美重要的建筑教育思想和体系，特别是对巴黎艺术学院、包豪斯和乎捷玛斯的教育成就进行了分析，对我国建筑教育发展状况进行了简述，同时，针对四川省建筑教育在师资队伍和学科建设等方面滞后于全国的局面提出了相关策略。     

探析低压配电柜的发展及对低压电器主要元件等的要求

随着经济的发展，居民生活和工作中对于能源的需求越来越大，电力行业因此获得了更大的发展空间，对电力系统的维护和管理也随之受到人们的关注，而技术的进步和运行安全的需要，使得作为对电能进行分配和控制的低压配电柜，在功能和结构上获得了不断的发展。本文对低压配电柜的发展进行了介绍，并提出了对低压配电柜元器件的要求和相应的解决措施。     

深入贯彻落实科学发展观推进城乡建设又好又快发展

这次会议的主要任务是，以邓小平理论和“三个代表”重要思想为指导，认真贯彻党的十七大和中央经济工作会议精神，深入贯彻落实科学发展观，总结五年来的城乡建设工作，研究部署2008年工作。曾培炎副总理专门来信，对五年来全国建设系统的工作给予了充分肯定．对明年的工作提出了要求，体现了党中央、国务院对城乡建设工作的高度重视和对建设系统广大干部职工的亲切关怀，既是对我们的极大鼓舞和鞭箫，也为明年城乡建设工作指明了方向。我们一定要认真学习，深刻领会，切实贯彻落实。     

我国采暖散热器发展方向探索

本文根据我国的发展情况及遇到的问题，在总结经验和认真分析的基础上，对散热器的一些基本理念进行了分析和论述；对我国采暖散热器今后如何发展进行了探索，对产品的研发和使用，工艺制造和工厂建设等各个方面提出了一些具体的建议，可供同行参考。     

高层连体结构振型及其参与系数的分析

以双塔连体结构为例，运用振型分解法，采用串并联刚片层模型，对多塔连体结构在水平地震作用下的动力方程进行了分析，对振型和振型参与系数的数学概念和物理力学概念进行了深入讨论，并考虑了结构的对称性，地震行波效应对振型参与系数的影响，同时文中对连体内力和振型的选取作了简要分析。     

矿车轮对的维修与管理

对矿车轮对结构和受力情况、工作条件、矿车轮对失效形式进行了介绍，分析了矿车轮对的常见故障及其产生原因，并提出了维修和改进措施，指出应加强矿车的维修与管理工作，以提高轮对的可靠性的使用寿命。     

玻璃钢锚杆托盘及螺母极限应力和位移分析

为了研究支护用锚杆在极限应力作用下力学特性,建立了锚杆托盘及螺母的有限元模型,采用ANSYS程序对螺母及托盘的应力、位移进行了数值仿真分析。研究了托盘及螺母在极限应力下的接触特征;绘制了托盘及螺母的应力云图,得到了托盘及螺母内部的应力、位移分布情况。结果表明,托盘边缘及托盘内部大小圆盘连接位置较为危险;螺母中间位置由于受托盘的挤压容易发生破坏;加肋可以提高锚杆的极限承载力,为结构的优化提供借鉴。     

Environmental affordances and children’s needs: Insights from child-friendly community streets in China

With rapid urbanization in China, an increasing building density has squeezed the urban public space. Community streets are occupied by motor vehicles or other functions, and can no longer sufficiently support children to carry out safe and independent activities. As an important space for children’s daily natural contact and social activities, the lack of the spatial function of streets results in a decline in children’s subjective initiative and social abilities. The United Nations has stressed the importance of community as the basic unit of space for children’s daily activities in building child friendly cities. It is urgent to reshape child-friendly community streets and support children’s healthy growth. Integrating previous research results on affordance theory and design, children’s growth and environment, and street-game spaces, this study focuses on investigating 23 community streets in four residential communities in Nanjing through questionnaires, interviews, observations, and other methods. Then, from the perspective of cognitive affordance, functional affordance, and social affordance, it analyzes the behavioral possibilities provided by the environment and the needs of the children-user group. Finally, from the perspectives of openness and security, preference and diversity, positive and negative, and reality and potential, it proposes a method to assess the existing environment. This study aims to extract the significant characteristics of the built environment that effectively support and promote children’s outdoors activities, and explore the design strategy of improving street space sharing through optimizing space elements and structure at the medium and micro levels, so as to respond to multiple goals including livable city development from the perspective of child friendliness. This study also tries to change the logical way of design thinking and provide an eco-psychological perspective on how to build a child-friendly community.     

Magnetoelastische Spannkraftmessung in Bauwerken

Magnetoelastic Measurement of Prestressing Force in Civil Structures The knowledge of the tensile force of prestressing steel elements and its reliable and non‐destructive determination are of essential importance for the assessment of the structural health condition of prestressed concrete structures and tie‐back systems in terms of structural safety, serviceability and durability. For the evaluation of the prestressing force in steel tension members, the measurement technique presented in this contribution is using the magneto‐elastic effect (ME‐effect) of ferromagnetic materials. This effect describes the reverse‐proportional correlation between the mechanical stress and the magnetic properties of ferromagnetic materials. The cylindrical coiled sensors pushed over the tendon and the measuring device developed and practically optimized at the iBMB/MPA of the TU Braunschweig enable a fast and reliable measurement of the prestressing steel force after an initial calibration. In this contribution first the state of the art of prestress measurement techniques for steel tension members is presented. Afterwards, the ME‐measuring method with the basics and merits of magneto‐elastic prestressing force identification is shown. Further recent research results as well as several building applications will be discussed.     

Relational competence in complex temporary organizations: The case of a French hospital construction project network

Large and complex project networks are characterized by the collaboration of heterogeneous organizations and individuals. In addition to project management techniques and complementary skills, relational competence, i.e. the ability to actively create and develop collaborative relationships is an essential asset for managing project networks. Networks represent structured role systems which may be a substitute for stable organizational structures and routines. This study investigates relational competence in the network of a large construction project of a French hospital. Based on network data and qualitative interviews, we compare the formal roles and positions of actors in the network to their actual roles and positions and analyze how relational competence promotes the coordination of project work. We find several actors whose network position and relational competence correspond to the formal organization and several actors with a mismatch between the formal organization and the actual role and position. In the latter cases, other network members step in and contribute to an effective coordination. The concept of relational competence in combination with network analysis contributes to a better understanding of the functioning of project networks. In particular, it reveals dysfunctions in the project network and allows for identifying the reasons for failure.     

Nonlinear analysis of integral infilled frames

The nonlinear behaviour of integral infilled frames, in which the infill and the frame are bonded or connected together, is studied both experimentally and analytically. In the theoretical study, a finite-element method is used and the nonlinearities of the materials and the structural interface are taken into account. The entire range of load-deflection behaviour is investigated. Besides stiffness and strength, the stress distribution, crack patterns and collapse modes are also studied. Particular attention is directed towards the stress redistribution before collapse. The effects of the connectors are investigated in relation to the stiffness and strength of the infilled frames. Theoretical stiffness and strength predictions are compared with experimental results.     

Displacements of column-supported embankments over soft clay after widening considering soil consolidation and column layout: Numerical analysis

The common challenges for constructing embankments on soft clay include low bearing capacity, large total and differential settlements, and slope instability. Different techniques have been adopted to improve soft clay, such as the use of foundation columns including stone columns, deep mixed columns, and vibro-concrete columns, etc. Due to increased traffic volume, column-supported embankments may be widened to accommodate the traffic capacity need. Adding a new embankment to an existing embankment generates additional stresses and deformations under not only the widened portion but also the existing embankment. Differential settlements between and within the existing embankment and the widened portion may cause pavement distresses. Limited research has been conducted so far to investigate widening of column-supported embankments. In this study, a two-dimensional finite difference numerical method was adopted. This numerical method was first verified against field data and then used for the analysis of widened column-supported embankments over soft clay. The modified Cam-Clay model was used to model the soil under the existing embankment and the widened portion. Mechanically and hydraulically coupled numerical models were created to consider the consolidation of the foundation soil under the existing embankment and the widened portion. Different layouts of foundation columns under the existing embankment and the widened portion were investigated. The numerical results presented in this paper include the vertical and horizontal displacements, the maximum settlements, the transverse gradient changes, and the stress concentration ratios, which depended on column spacing. The columns installed under the connection side slope were most effective in reducing the total and differential settlements, horizontal displacement, and transverse gradient change of the widened embankment.     

增加，改造，修正：不断成长的博物馆

在２０世纪末期．欧美的博物得变成了一种“加法动物”不断进行着改建、扩建和加建．从而涌现出大量风格方式不间的建筑实例其中既有失败．也有成功。本文选择了部分典型案例如以分析，特别肯定了托马斯·毕比和西萨·佩里的设计概念和方法，并提出了未来的改．扩建将面向未来不断发展的观点。     

冻融环境中饱和岩石的热量传递与温度平衡规律

 冻融环境中温度是岩石性态变化的关键影响指标之一,而冻融试验中岩石的热量传递和温度变化规律国内和国际都未形成统一认识。为探究岩石在冻融环境中的热量传递和温度变化规律,利用室内试验和数值计算方法分别研究冻结和融化过程中试样温度平衡的过程和时程规律。利用3种岩石进行饱和态的冻融循环试验,试样中心温度监测表明,冻结和融化过程的试样温度均存在显著的3段式变化特征,其中相变过程是一个较为特殊和重要的阶段,相变温度均在0 ℃～－1 ℃范围。随着试验温度区间增大,冻结和融化各阶段时长显现出不同规律,冻结过程总时间逐渐降低,而融化过程总时间先降低后升高。基于第3类热传导边界条件,利用Comsol Multiphysics有限元数值计算平台,分析考虑相变阶段的冻结和融化过程,数值计算结果与试验结果吻合较好。数值计算结果显示,试样不同位置的冻结与融化特征主要体现在相变阶段差异,而试样孔隙率对该阶段的影响最大,剩余温度势造成对称温度区间和非对称温度区间的冻结、融化特征的显著差异。     

堆土加卸载与基坑开挖叠加对既有隧道变形的影响研究

针对堆土加卸载与基坑开挖叠加效应导致既有地铁隧道变形较大的问题,建立考虑加卸载叠加效应影响的三维空间分析模型,研究不同堆土加卸载叠加基坑开挖卸载模式对邻近地铁隧道变形规律的影响,探讨隧道在堆土加载、移土卸载再叠加基坑开挖下的变形规律。结果表明:正上方堆土加卸载对隧道的竖向位移影响较大,是侧向堆土加卸载的3倍～5倍; 在经历堆土加卸载后,隧道会残留不可忽视的变形,其残留竖向位移约为加载后位移的62%; 堆土加卸载叠加侧方基坑开挖时,隧道变形受基坑开挖深度的影响较大,大于隧道埋深的开挖阶段会加剧隧道变形; 4种叠加模式中,正上方堆土加卸载-侧方基坑开挖卸载隧道最终竖向位移最大,约17 mm,侧方堆土加卸载-异侧基坑开挖卸载隧道最终水平位移最大,约8 mm,邻近隧道施工时应充分考虑叠加效应的影响,尽量避免这两种情况。     

基于合作博弈的BIM-IPD项目参与方利益分配研究

BIM与IPD的协同管理能为合作项目带来更多利益,为了解决合作参与方的超额利益分配问题,分析了BIM技术与IPD协同管理概念,构建依据贡献度来计算参与方最佳利益分配的合作博弈模型,考虑各参与方资源投入和风险分担两大因素,得出修正后的Shapley分配值.并通过算例分析各参与方的利益分配,结果表明业主、设计方、施工方、B...