数控机床对刀仪光电瞄准系统的研究

研究了一种对刀仪的光电自动瞄准系统,采用ＣＣＤ作为敏感元件,可大幅度提高对刀的精度和效率,瞄准精度优于０．５μｍ。     

XGBoost机器学习在光电编码器误差补偿中的应用

光电编码器检测系统的误差主要受基准光电编码器测角误差、数据采集误差、检测系统同轴误差影响。其中，基准光电编码器的测角误差可进行补偿。因此设计了一种基于极度梯度提升树（extreme gradient boosting,XGBoost）机器学习的算法用来补偿基准光电编码器的误差。经该算法补偿后，静态精度提高了35倍，标准差由3.62″减小至0.13″，最大误差值由5.53″降低至0.39″。与传统的误差反传（back progagation,BP）神经网络算法以及径向基函数（radial basis function,RBF）神经网络算法补偿效果相比，XGBoost的补偿效果更优。XGBoost机器学习算法有效降低了基准光电编码器的测量误差，提高了光电编码器检测系统的检测精度。     

车载观瞄设备零位检测装置结构设计

设计了一种能同时检测观瞄设备热像和可见光零位的装置。此零位检测装置主要由机械框架、白光广角平行光管、热像平行光管组成。它能够检测瞄准镜瞄准范围垂直向-5°~+45°区间的零位变化量以及校炮范围、稳定状态瞄准线的稳定范围、监炮误差和测角精度。此零位检测装置的研制使用使得观瞄设备零位及其各项性能指标的检测变得方便、精确。     

动态光电显微镜

介绍了用于检测光学度盘的动态光电显微镜的原理、光学系统、电子学系统及瞄准精度。     

光电设备自动检测系统的实现

在对某型导弹瞄准光电设备性能检测中建立了一个以计算机为核心,与智能仪表有机结合的自动化检测系统,本文主要介绍系统的总体方案、自动化检测的实现以及为确保检测的准确可靠所采取的措施。     

高精度光电自动折射仪的瞄准方法及其实现

介绍了一种用于高精度光电自动折射仪并采用振动狭缝瞄准的自动瞄准方法,说明了影像宽度、振动狭缝宽度和振幅之间的几何尺寸关系。该瞄准方法采用计算机控制,实时采集经被测样品出射的单色光信号,根据该信号的幅值和相位自动确定瞄准点。给出了实现该方法的电路原理、系统组成。在365～2600nm范围内对大量光学材料进行测试表明,振动狭缝法的瞄准精度优于±0.1角秒。     

巧用测角目镜头

测角目镜由米字分划板和光学度盘组成，它是工具显微镜的必备附件。米字线分划板形状见图1，其刻线用途。1．十字虚刻线，为影像法测量的瞄准线。2．与十字虚刻线垂直线平行，距离分别为0．3和0．9mm对称分布的四条虚刻线，为轴切法测量的瞄准基线，用于瞄准测量刀上的0．3和0．9mm刻线。3．与垂直刻线成30°交角的两相交为60°的斜实刻线，为60°锥体轮廓的瞄准线。分划板和度盘可旋转360°，度盘上刻有360条线（刻度值为1°），在固定分划板上刻有60条等分刻度（刻度值为1’）。米字分划板和度盘分别用于瞄准工件和测量角度。通常分划板刻…     

激光跟踪仪的光电瞄准与定位系统

考虑激光跟踪仪的光电瞄准与定位直接影响仪器的整体测量精度和使用性能,讨论了激光跟踪仪的光电瞄准和跟踪定位控制技术并提出了光电探测瞄准、信号调理采集、数字处理及智能跟踪伺服的系统整体技术方案。对系统关键部件进行选型,利用角锥棱镜和位敏探测器(PSD)作为光电探测核心,设计了探测光路和信号处理电路。研制了系统样机,搭建了目标位移量标准测试平台,对样机光电瞄准系统探测信号进行了测试。测试结果显示:采用该设计方案设计的激光跟踪仪样机的静态定位测量精度达到6μm,随机动态跟踪测量速度大于1m/s。结果表明:提出的方法可解决激光跟踪仪定位精度低、动态跟踪效果差等常见问题,可为研制高精度、大范围、大尺寸测量仪器提供技术参考。     

光电瞄准技术的开发

本文简单叙述了国外光电瞄准技术:线纹瞄准技术、轮廓瞄准技术、劝态瞄准测量技术、光电Z向瞄准技术等,並就上海光学仪器研究所近年来所研制的一系列光电瞄准装置及其精度作了扼要介绍。     

航空光电成像平台角位置陀螺和角速率陀螺的稳定效果分析

研究了角速率陀螺稳定平台在目标跟踪时瞄准线始终围绕视场中心做约2 Hz晃动的现象,理论推导及数值分析认为引起这一现象的原因与光电稳定平台的静态力矩刚度为0、隔离度仅为71.4 dB有关。采用基于角位置陀螺的光电稳定平台,其静态力矩刚度为1 732 Nm,隔离度提高到126 dB,可以有效地消除这种晃动。     

Minimal Realization of Linear Graph Models for Multi-physics Systems

An engineering system may consist of several different types of components,belonging to such physical"domains"as mechanical,electrical,fluid,and thermal.It is t...     

INTEGRAL EQUATION METHOD＇S APPLICATION IN HOLE-EDGE STRESS OF COMPOSITE MATERIAL PLATE WITH DIFFERENT SHAPED HOLES

The strength of composite plate with different hole-shapes is always one of the most important but complicated issues in the application of the composite material. The holes will lead to mutations and discontinuity to the structure. So the hole-edge stress concentration is always a serious phenomenon. And the phenomenon makes the structure strength decrease very quickly to form dangerous weak points. Most partial damage begins from these weak points. According to the complex variable functions theory, the accurate boundary condition of composite plate with different hole-shapes is founded by conformal mapping method to settle the boundary condition problem of complex hole-shapes. Composite plate with commonly hole-shapes in engineering is studied by several complex variable stress fimction. The boundary integral equations are founded based on exact boundary conditions. Then the exact hole-edge stress analytic solution of composite plate with rectangle holes and wing manholes is resolved. Both of offset axis loadings and its influences on the stress concentration coefficient of the hole-edge are discussed. And comparisons of different loads along various offset axis on the hole-edge stress distribution of orthotropic plate with rectangle hole or wing manhole are made. It can be concluded that hole-edge with continuous variable curvatures might help to decrease the stress concentration coefficient; and smaller angle of outer load and fiber can decrease the stress peak value.     

Non-monotonic material contrast in scanning ion and scanning electron images

30 keV Ga⁺ focused ion beam induced secondary electron (iSE) imaging was used to determine the relative contrast between several materials. The iSE signal compared from C, Si, Al, Ti, Cr, Ni, Cu, Mo, Ag, and W metal layers does not decrease with an increase in target atomic number Z₂, and shows a non-monotonic relationship between contrast and Z₂. The non-monotonic relationship is attributed to periodic fluctuations of the stopping power and sputter yield inherent to the ion–solid interactions. In addition, material contrast from electron-induced secondary electron (eSE) and backscattered electron (BSE) images using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) also shows non-monotonic contrast as a function of Z₂, following the periodic behavior of the stopping power for electron–solid interactions. A comparison of the iSE and eSE results shows similar relative contrast between the metal layers, and not complementary contrast as conventionally understood. These similarities in the contrast behavior can be attributed to similarities in the periodic and non-monotonic function defined by incident particle–solid interaction theory.     

Application of Feature Extraction through Convolution Neural Networks and SVM Classifier for Robust Grading of Apples

This paper proposes a novel grading method of apples,in an automated grading device that uses convolutional neural networks to extract the size,color,texture,an...     

分布动态载荷识别的抗噪处理

针对正交多项式频域法在用多种响应对矩形薄板进行载荷识别中抗噪性较差的问题,综合运用平均法、矩阵预处理和奇异值截断法等方法对之进行改善,并引入空间映射的思想,将该方法的应用范围拓展为复杂的模型.利用仿真算例,证实了该方法具有较好的抗噪性.     

基于MELTAC-N平台的核电厂安全级DCS环网研究与测试

针对工程实践中环网通讯相关问题的处理缺乏理论基础及国产化安全级DCS平台的开发缺乏成熟经验借鉴问题,对基于MELTAC-N平台核电厂安全级DCS环网的软硬件实现进行了研究。提出了安全级DCS环网双环网冗余设计、光切换开关设计等硬件设计方法,以及以RPR协议为基础,采用全数据收发策略的软件设计方法。在CPR1000安全级DCS平台上对安全级DCS环网的可靠性及实时性进行了评价,并进行了容错能力、响应时间及响应时间稳定性测试验证实验。结果表明,基于MELTAC-N平台安全级DCS环网软硬件设计具有较好的容错能力及响应时间稳定性。     

Short-Term Relay Quality Prediction Algorithm Based on Long and Short-Term Memory

The fraction defective of semi-finished products is predicted to optimize the process of relay production lines, by which production quality and productivity ar...     

End-to-End Multiview Gesture Recognition for Autonomous Car Parking System

The use of hand gestures can be the most intuitive human-machine interaction medium.The early approaches for hand gesture recognition used device-based methods....     

The laboratory simulation of abrasive wear

Abrasive wear has long been recognised as one of the most potentially serious tribological problems facing the operators of many types of plant and machinery; several industrial surveys have indicated that wear by abrasion can be responsible for more than 50% of unscheduled machine and plant stoppages. Locating the operating point of a tribological contact in an appropriate operational ‚map’︁ can provide a useful guide to the likely nature and origins of the surface degradation experienced in use, though care must be exercised in choosing the most suitable parameters for the axes of the plot. Laboratory testing of materials and simulations of machine contacts are carried out for a number of purposes; at one level for the very practical aims of ranking candidate materials or surface hardening treatments in order of their wear resistance, or in an attempt to predict wear lives under field conditions. More fundamentally, tests may be aimed at elucidating the essential physical mechanisms of surface damage and loss, with the longer term aim of building an analytical and predictive model of the wear process itself. In many cases, component surface damage is brought about by the ingress of hard, particulate matter into machine bearing or sealing clearances. These may be running dry although, more usually, a lubricant or service fluid is present at the interface. A number of standardised wear test geometries and procedures have been established for both two- and three-body wear situations, and these are briefly described. Although abrasive wear is often modelled as following an ‚Archard’︁ equation (i.e. a linear increase in material loss with both load and time, and an inverse dependence on specimen hardness) both industrial experience and laboratory tests of particularly lubricated contacts show that this is not always the case: increasing the hardness differential in an abrasively contaminated lubricated pair may not always reduce the rate of damage to the harder surface.     

ANGULAR DISTORTION ALLOWABLE VALUE AND ASSESS METHOD OF WELD ON COKE TOWER

A graph as the new engineering method for estimate the safety of bulging deformation of coke tower is proposed. Through stresses analysis of circumferential weld of coke tower and comparing the stresses produced by pressure with heat stress of steady state, residual stress, bending stress produced by both itself weight and wind loads, it showed that the stresses produced by pressure on the angle distortion are the main factor of equivalent stress of the combined stress. After comparing four kinds of stress controlling conditions, the relation to stress with depth of angular distortion, grade of curvature of angular distortion and half of region of angular distortion has been inferred. Graph of deformation allowable value of coke tower for different condition by angular distortion and half of region of angular distortion has been plotted. The five steps for its engineering use have been explained. The lighter the grade of curvature is, the larger of bulge allowance, may be, and the bigger of depth of angular distortion may pose too. For the coke tower with a popular structure of Dg 5 400 mm×28 mm, the result by graph is nearly more than the result of two formulas formed by other research, the error is less than 7.0%. But, the graph can be easily applied to different size of angular distortion.