一种过滤器微粒沉积量实时检测技术的研究

本根据过滤器微粒过滤及再生的需要，提出了一种过滤体微粒沉积量实时检测技术。叙述了微粒检测原理，介绍了从功率容量的要求出发对检测天线进行设计的方法；并对实际测量结果及影响因素进行了分析。通过实验结果验证了这一技术的可行性。     

磁性氧化铁纳米微粒的制备与应用

磁性氧化铁纳米粒是一种多功能材料，在药学、医学、催化化学和磁记录材料等领域具有广泛的应用价值。介绍了目前国内外几种广泛制备磁性氧化铁纳米微粒的方法，包括溶胶-凝胶法、沉淀法、微乳液法、水热法和模板法等，比较了它们各自的优缺点，还介绍了磁性氧化铁纳米微粒近年来的研究与应用情况并展望了其发展方向。     

空气过滤用驻极体纤维材料研究进展

驻极体纤维过滤材料是口罩、空气净化器、暖通空调系统过滤器等空气过滤产品的核心滤层材料，驻极纤维滤材可利用纤维与气溶胶颗粒间的静电力捕集气溶胶颗粒，表现出高效低阻过滤性能。文中介绍了驻极过滤材料的静电吸附机理、电荷表征方法，分析了驻极原料、驻极工艺和存放环境等影响驻极过滤材料电荷稳定性的因素，从构建复合膜结构、添加纳米颗粒两方面阐述了提升驻极材料带电能力和电荷稳定性的研究现状，最后提出了驻极体纤维过滤材料目前存在的问题及未来发展方向。     

高分子微粒吸声材料的声学特性

以聚氨酯泡沫组装不同高分子微粒制备出一种新型高分子微粒吸声材料。初步讨论了微粒种类、粒径、构造层次以及微粒本体性质等因素对材料吸声效果的影响。并尝试从材料的微观结构联系材料的声学性质(声阻抗等)，探索材料多层次结构与材料吸声性能的关系。     

多孔金属过滤材料研究进展

多孔金属过滤分离材料广泛应用于固体,液体和气体的过滤和分离.总结了多孔金属过滤材料的研究应用现状,介绍了多孔金属过滤材料的制备工艺,分析了多孔金属过滤材料的性能,提出了多孔金属过滤材料的发展方向.     

半导体纳米微粒／聚合物复合物的制备及其光电性能

半导体纳米微粒／聚合物复合物是一种新型的功能材料,是独特的特性赋予了该类材料崭新的光电性能等。文章分析比较了这种常见几种制备方法;并对近年来它们在光电方面的实际应用进行了概述。     

静电纺PAN/PVP亲水纳米纤维膜的制备及其空气过滤性能研究

相较于传统纤维材料，纳米纤维膜因其高比表面积和超细孔隙率更适合用作空气过滤材料，此外传统的聚丙烯(PP)过滤材料亲水性差，水汽易聚集从而降低其过滤性能；针对传统空气过滤材料亲水性差的问题，基于静电纺丝的方法，以聚丙烯腈(PAN)和强亲水性的聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP)为纺丝原料，制备了PAN/PVP纳米纤维膜，探讨了亲水材料PVP对其纳米纤维膜亲水和过滤性能的影响。采用傅里叶红外光谱、扫描电镜表征了纳米纤维膜的结构，由于亲水性材料PVP的引入，纺丝时纤维中静电导通性好，纺丝液能很好地被拉伸，使纤维直径变小，PVP添加质量为30%时纳米纤维膜的平均直径最小为358.12nm;此外，PVP的引入提高了纳米纤维膜的亲水性能，PVP添加质量为40%时其静态接触角为(11.5±2.5)°;但纳米过滤膜亲水性的增加会影响其过滤效率，PVP添加质量为10%时纳米纤维膜的过滤效率最高为83.4%±3.6%,纤维膜克重为1.17g/m²时品质因子最高为0.10Pa^-1,纳米纤维膜具有优异的循环稳定性，300min内过滤稳定性好且过滤压力较低，可应用于对循环过滤性能...     

针孔穿刺毛毡的过滤集尘特性

针孔穿刺毛毡的过滤集尘特性森英利等著本文研究了分别由不同材料制成的毛毡过滤材料的过滤特性。经实验测定单纤维的收集效率与雷诺数、直接拦截参数有关，参数包括体积百分含量和针孔密度。尽管由纤维表面静电导致的收集效率不同，但对所有材料来说，收集效率对拦截参数...     

高纯气体输送管路的防污染措施

由于微粒污染对高纯气体的重要影响，本文从系统设计、材料选择、配管技术等方面介绍了控制微粒污染的方法。     

柴油机过滤体逆向喷气再生系统的模拟与试验研究

进行了柴油机过滤体逆向喷气再生系统的模拟与试验研究。采用计算流体力学软件Star-Cd,利用当量连续方法,建立了微粒捕集器的数学模型,分析了反吹管结构对过滤体内反吹气流的流动均匀性和压力损失的影响,并进行了试验验证。计算结果与试验结果有较好的一致性,表明所建立的流动模型可用来预测不同捕集器结构的过滤体内部的流动特征;螺旋喷吹的双反吹管结构可使过滤体的再生更加均匀。     

具有微孔洞结构陶瓷材料热冲击实验研究

对微孔洞体积含量分别为5％（密实材料）,10％,20％和30％（微孔洞结构材料）的四种氧化铝陶瓷材料通过水冷却的实验法进行了热冲击实验。实验结果表明无论从裂纹的起始模式,还是裂纹扩展程度,都表明具有微孔洞结构的陶瓷材料比其对应的密实材料有着较好的抗热冲击性能。     

核乏燃料运输容器减震器填充材料研究进展

目的综述以木材、聚氨酯泡沫、蜂窝铝作为核乏燃料运输容器减震器填充材料的性能。方法通过对3种填充材料的减震器进行受载分析,然后对3种填充材料的力学性能进行验证。结果将3种材料作为核乏燃料减震器填充材料具有可行性,还列出了3种材料的不足之处。结论工业上对有着优秀能量吸收、限制过载、质轻且受环境变化影较小的核乏燃料运输容器减震器填充材料有着迫切需求。之后提出将2种材料(泡沫铝和双向瓦楞蜂窝铝)作为减震器的填充材料,并分析了2种材料的特点与吸能特性,证明了其作为减震器填充材料的合理性与可行性。     

光子学材料及其发展

信息技术的基础正在经历从电子学、光电子学到光子学的发展，二十一世纪将是光子信息时代。由于信息技术要求高速度，因此光子学材料要求有短的时间响应，宏观上要求低维，易于光集成，微观上希望是纳米尺寸的复合。本文综述了几种光子学材料的发展，重点介绍了激光材料和光子存储材料。     

碳质储氢材料的研究进展

碳质材料由于具备质量轻、吸氢量大等优良特性,近年来引起了学者们的广泛关注。综述了碳质储氢材料的研究进展,介绍了碳质材料的储氢机理,并就近年来研究的热点探讨了影响碳质材料储氢的各种因素。最后,对碳质储氢材料的发展前景进行了展望。     

电磁屏蔽导电复合材料

在介绍电磁屏蔽原理的基础上,论述了近年来电磁屏蔽用表层导电材料和导电复合材料的特性与发展,并详细分析了影响导电复合材料电磁屏蔽性能的因素,展望了其研究趋势及应用前景。     

Effect of low earth orbit atomic oxygen on spacecraft materials

This review attempts to bring together the published data and analysis related to the effect of low earth orbit (LEO) atomic oxygen (AO) interaction with spacecraft materials. The basic interaction mechanism of AO with spacecraft materials and quantification of its effect on materials performance are briefly discussed. After providing a list of materials susceptible to the LEO environment, the paper focuses on the degradation mechanism of various spacecraft materials. Particular emphasis is given to the protective mechanisms for AO-susceptible materials and development of AO-resistant materials for long-term LEO spacecraft applications. Ground-simulation testing requirements and their present status are reviewed briefly. The need for further research is emphasized.     

Materials science and materials engineering education

The report deals with the complex of problems concerning education of materials scientists and materials engineers. The development of materials science is described. It is attempted to estimate the future demand for materials scientists and materials engineers. Educational and organizational aspects of materials science and materials engineering in higher education are discussed. A selection of topics forming a possible core for materials science and materials engineering studies is presented. Finally, university-industry relations in the field of materials are discussed. A survey of materials programs in 133 higher education establishments in 13 countries has been made. The results of this survey are not included in the report, but they are available from OECD on request.     

Recent Advances of Solid-State NMR Spectroscopy for Microporous Materials

Microporous materials have attracted a rapid growth of research interest in materials science and the multidisciplinary area because of their wide applications in catalysis, separation, ion exchange, gas storage, drug release, and sensing. A fundamental understanding of their diverse structures and properties is crucial for rational design of high-performance materials and technological applications in industry. Solid-state NMR (SSNMR), capable of providing atomic-level information on both structure and dynamics, is a powerful tool in the scientific exploration of solid materials. Here, advanced SSNMR instruments and methods for characterization of microporous materials are briefly described. The recent progress of the application of SSNMR for the investigation of microporous materials including zeolites, metal–organic frameworks, covalent organic frameworks, porous aromatic frameworks, and layered materials is discussed with representative work. The versatile SSNMR techniques provide detailed information on the local structure, dynamics, and chemical processes in the confined space of porous materials. The challenges and prospects in SSNMR study of microporous and related materials are discussed.     

原子氧对航天材料表面的作用与防护 Ⅱ.原子氧敏感材料的防护

综述了原子氧敏感的各种航天材料的防护途径与机理,对空间材料表面改性、空间薄膜以及涂层技术的应用及防护情况进行了讨论。     

Development of a knowledge-based system for materials management

In the past, many mistakes have been made in selecting the best materials for a given task. Thus, tools for humans to optimise the selection of materials will be valuable assets, particularly when the field of application is broad, the problem complex, the operating envelope variable, or the environment is aggressive. In this paper, a methodology for construction of a generic computer materials selector is described. A knowledge structure is presented in which materials selection and failure analysis are at opposite ends of a spectrum of materials performance. An example of the selection of a coating for marine use is given. Besides being of great value to designers, the tool is of considerable potential use for general materials information systems and computer-based learning modules.