共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 76 毫秒
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针对全断面岩石隧道掘进机(TBM)工作中刀具选型和刀盘中滚刀布局的问题,采用光滑粒子流(SPH)方法和有限元方法复合建模,对TBM常用的V型和常截面(CCS)盘形滚刀分别在同时加载和顺次加载两种情况下的破岩机理进行数值试验研究,得到了两种不同截面滚刀在不同加载顺序下破岩的动态过程和滚刀侵入过程中岩石裂纹的产生和扩展过程.研究结果表明:V型滚刀顺次加载下的破岩效果好于同时加载,CCS滚刀顺次加载时有利于大块岩屑的形成. 相似文献
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《机械制造与自动化》2016,(3):66-69
刀具表面改性技术对于强化刀具,延长刀具的使用寿命和发展新型刀具加工技术具有重要的意义。文中综述了刀具传统表面改性技术的方法及新型刀具表面改性的方法,涂层方法由最初的热喷涂和阳极电镀的方法发展到化学气相沉积法和物理气相沉积法。新型刀具表面改性从离子注入、等离子体、激光技术发展到离子束辅助沉积,提出了刀具表面改性技术的研究发展方向。 相似文献
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《机械科学与技术》2017,(3):347-353
PDC-牙轮复合钻头是一种综合了PDC钻头与牙轮钻头结构特点和工作原理的新型钻头,能更高效地钻进硬地层。但由于对其破岩机理认识不足,使得PDC-牙轮复合钻头的研发具有盲目性,推广受限。基于弹塑性力学和岩石破碎学,采用Drucker-Prager准则描述岩石本构关系,塑形应变作为破岩判据,通过有限元法建立全尺寸复合钻头和PDC钻头动态破岩的非线性动力学模型,分析了复合钻头作用下硬地层岩石的破坏机制,对比了硬地层中两种钻头的动态破岩过程。结果表明:复合钻头钻井能满足井壁稳定性的要求,然而一旦井壁失稳,井壁岩石将大块脱落;以拉应力破岩为主是复合钻头在硬地层中大幅提高机械钻速的原因之一;硬地层中复合钻头扭转振动低于PDC钻头,破岩效率更高;由于牙轮滚动的多边形效应,复合钻头沿钻进方向对岩石的冲击较PDC钻头更大,能更快钻进硬地层。 相似文献
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硬岩掘进机盘型滚刀回转破岩仿真研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
硬岩掘进机上盘形滚刀在实际破岩过程中既随刀盘公转,又绕自身轴线自转,是一个复杂的运动过程。滚刀在破岩过程中受到的作用力的计算是进行刀盘设计和推进系统设计的重要依据。针对硬岩掘进机盘型滚刀破岩过程分析和计算的复杂性,应用ABAQUS软件中多体动力学原理建立滚刀组合回转破岩的有限元模型,模型中采用无限元网格施加无反射边界条件,消除模型大小对仿真结果的影响。通过分析计算滚刀破岩中所受的作用力,研究了滚刀回转破岩的刀间距及相位差。仿真结果表明,对于所选用的岩石类型,其最优刀间距为60mm,此时滚刀受到的滚动力最小,破岩质量最大,破岩比能最小;相邻滚刀的最佳相位差为120°,破岩质量最大,比能最小。研究为硬岩掘进机上刀盘刀具的布局研究奠定了基础。 相似文献
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随着医疗设备的发展和技术的进步,经皮热消融已成为肝癌治疗领域不可或缺的重要手段,超声是最常用的热消融引导技术,在因多种不利因素导致常规超声显示不清肝癌病灶或病灶位于极易引起严重并发症的危险部位时,经皮热消融在肝癌治疗中的应用范围受到限制。近年来一些新的辅助技术被用于克服这些高风险或困难因素,已取得了良好疗效,扩大了热消融在肝癌治疗中的适应症。本文就近年来在超声引导下对高风险肝癌进行经皮热消融治疗时所使用的辅助技术进行综述。 相似文献
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在进行掘进的过程中,盘形滚刀是进行掘进的重要工具,岩层的性质不同,对于滚刀的掘进效果也具有不同的影响.依据岩层的围压及强度不同,对其掘进的效果进行分析.结果表明,随着围压的增加,侧向的裂纹占比增加显著,但在围压达到一定数值后,侧向裂纹的占比变化不大;围岩的强度越大,进行破碎所需要的载荷越大. 相似文献
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为了研究节理倾角与刀刃角对滚刀破岩效率的影响,运用ABAQUS有限元分析软件,采用Druker-Prager弹塑性本构模型模拟岩石材料,使用不同刀刃角的滚刀对不同节理倾角的岩石进行滚切加工,并结合破岩比能理论研究破岩效率,以破岩比能最小为依据确定不同节理倾角下的最优刀刃角。研究结果表明:不论倾角如何,节理层处的岩石破碎效果优于其他地方的破碎效果;在节理倾角为0°和30°时,滚刀的破岩比能呈波动的趋势,而且最优刀刃角为60°;在节理倾角为60°时,最优刀刃角为45°~50°;在节理倾角为90°时,最优刀刃角为40°~45°;随着节理倾角的增加,最优刀刃角呈不断减小趋势。该研究结果可为不同地质条件下盾构施工时的刀具选型提供一定的理论依据。 相似文献
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《机械制造与自动化》2016,(6):118-121
全断面硬岩掘进机是集大型化、机械自动化、流程化于一体的全断面硬岩掘进机,采用三维可视化技术进行建模,是实现仿真培训的重要工作。由于其设备零部件数量极其庞大,既要保证三维模型的逼真性,又需要考虑计算机成型与渲染带来的计算负担。为此,引用次世代模型技术,将法线贴图技术应用到TBM刀盘的建模中,对刀盘滚刀等模型等进行优化,在满足模型视觉特征的前提下,简化模型,提高渲染速度,减少计算机运算时间,提高了TBM三维可视化仿真系统的开发效率。 相似文献
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Wear is a major factor of disc cutters’ failure. No current theory offers a standard for the prediction of disc cutter wear yet. In the field the wear prediction method commonly used is based on the excavation length of tunnel boring machine(TBM) to predict the disc cutter wear and its wear law, considering the location number of each disc cutter on the cutterhead(radius for installation); in theory, there is a prediction method of using arc wear coefficient. However, the preceding two methods have their own errors, with their accuracy being 40% or so and largely relying on the technicians’ experience. Therefore, radial wear coefficient, axial wear coefficient and trajectory wear coefficient are defined on the basis of the operating characteristics of TBM. With reference to the installation and characteristics of disc cutters, those coefficients are modified according to penetration, which gives rise to the presentation of comprehensive axial wear coefficient, comprehensive radial wear coefficient and comprehensive trajectory wear coefficient. Calculation and determination of wear coefficients are made with consideration of data from a segment of TBM project(excavation length 173 m). The resulting wear coefficient values, after modification, are adopted to predict the disc cutter wear in the follow-up segment of the TBM project(excavation length of 5621 m). The prediction results show that the disc cutter wear predicted with comprehensive radial wear coefficient and comprehensive trajectory wear coefficient are not only accurate(accuracy 16.12%) but also highly congruous, whereas there is a larger deviation in the prediction with comprehensive axial wear coefficient(accuracy 41%, which is in agreement with the prediction of disc cutters’ life in the field). This paper puts forth a new method concerning prediction of life span and wear of TBM disc cutters as well as timing for replacing disc cutters. 相似文献
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Attempts to minimize energy consumption of a tunnel boring machine disc cutter during the process of fragmentation have largely focused on optimizing disc-cutter spacing, as determined by the minimum specific energy required for fragmentation; however, indentation tests showed that rock deforms plastically beneath the cutters. Equations for thrust were developed for both the traditional, popularly employed disc cutter and anew design based on three-dimensional theory. The respective energy consumption for penetration, rolling, and side-slip fragmentations were obtained. A change in disc-cutter fragmentation angles resulted in a change in the nature of the interaction between the cutter and rock, which lowered the specific energy of fragmentation. During actual field excavations to the same penetration length, the combined energy consumption for fragmentation using the newly designed cutters was 15% lower than that when using the traditional design. This paper presents a theory for energy saving in tunnel boring machines. Investigation results showed that the disc cutters designed using this theory were more durable than traditional designs, and effectively lowered the energy consumption. 相似文献
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直旋混合射流是由通过喷嘴叶轮中心孔的直射流和叶轮加旋槽产生的旋转射流经混合段混合而成的一种新型高效射流,它综合了旋转射流破岩面积大和直射流破岩深度大的优点.试验研究了叶轮中心孔直径、混合段长度、扩展腔扩展角、喷距和压力等5个主要参数对直旋混合射流破岩效果的影响规律.结果表明,叶轮中心孔直径为2mm、混合段长度为8mm、扩展腔扩展角为60°的喷嘴产生的射流具有较强的破岩能力;试验条件下,直旋混合射流破岩最优喷距约为喷嘴出口直径的6倍;增大射流压力可以大幅提高直旋混合射流的破岩体积. 相似文献