高分子材料抗静电技术与应用

介绍抗静电高分子材料的研究概况。重点阐述目前提高高分子材料抗静电性能采取的主要方法:添加抗静电剂法、与结构型导电高分子材料共混法和添加导电填料法。分析了这些方法改进高分子材料的抗静电性能的特点,并介绍其应用情况。指出抗静电高分子材料的发展趋势。     

抗静电高分子复合材料研究进展

介绍抗静电高分子复合材料的研究概况，重点阐述目前提高高分子材料抗静电性能所采取的4种主要方法：添加导电填料法、添加抗静电剂法、与结构型导电高分子材料共混法和涂层法。分析了这些方法改进高分子材料的抗静电性能的特点，并介绍其应用情况。指出抗静电高分子复合材料的发展趋势。     

超高分子量聚乙烯抗静电体系的研究

研究了UHMW-PE抗静电体系方面的问题。主要采用抗静电剂、抗静电剂与协同剂复合、导电填料与UHMW-PE均匀混合,制备了抗静电材料,并对各自作用的机理进行了初步的探讨。实验结果表明:选用优化配方的抗静电剂加协同剂的UHMW-PE体系、导电填料UHMW-PE体系制备的抗静材料,抗静电性能良好,表面电阻率小于10~7Ω,并基本保持了UHMW-PE耐冲击和耐磨的性能。     

抗静电剂的最新研究进展

详细介绍了抗静电剂在高分子材料的作用机理和种类,抗静电剂按照作用机理可分为表面活性剂型、阴离子型、高分子永久型、导电填料型和本征导电高分子型。同时,阐述了抗静电剂在国际、国内的最新研究进展。     

聚丙烯抗静电改性的研究进展

综述了近年来国内外提高PP抗静电性能方法的研究进展,包括抗静电剂涂敷法、抗静电剂内加法、导电材料添加法、抗静电剂复合法。最后展望了PP抗静电改性的发展趋势。     

聚合物抗静电材料的研究与发展

论述了聚合物抗静电材料的研究现状,着重介绍在聚合物材料中添加表面活性剂或高分子型永久抗静电剂,以及在基体聚合物中填充无机导电填料或结构型导电聚合物的技术进展,并指出了聚合物抗静电材料的发展方向。     

抗静电剂研究现状

本文综述了目前国内外抗静电剂的研究现状,列举了几种用作抗静电剂的新型导电填料及生产抗静电剂的新技术,并展望了未来抗静电剂的研究发展方向。     

共混改性法在抗静电腈纶中的应用

介绍了共混改性法在抗静电腈纶中的应用,常用的填料种类包括抗静电剂类、炭黑类、金属及其氧化物类和导电高分子类,除此以外还分析了共混改性法中影响腈纶抗静电效果的因素。     

抗静电剂在聚烯烃发泡材料中的应用研究

在聚烯烃中添加抗静电剂，采用模压法制备了发泡材料。研究了抗静电剂用量对发泡材料表面电阻率的影响及性能的变化；分析了抗静电剂用量与交联剂用量的关系。结果表明，当抗静电剂的用量为10份时，发泡材料的表面电阻率为10^8Ω，同时材料的物理性能变化不大；交联剂的用量随着抗静电剂用量的增加而提高。     

H99－1油罐用耐腐蚀抗静电涂料

降低涂层的体积电阻率或表面电阻率，可采用三种途径：添加导电填料，加入抗静电剂，利用具有本征导电功能的高聚物成膜物质。研究了导电填料含量、种类和表面处理，以及抗静电剂与涂层电导性的关系。列出了涂层浸泡试验结果。     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Direct observation of freeze-thaw instability of latex coatings via high pressure freezing and cryogenic SEM

Despite its industrial importance, the subject of freeze-thaw (F/T) stability of latex coatings has not been studied extensively. There is also a lack of fundamental understanding about the process and the mechanisms through which a coating becomes destabilized. High pressure (2100 bar) freezing fixes the state of water-suspended particles of polymer binder and inorganic pigments without the growth of ice crystals during freezing that produce artifacts in direct imaging scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of fracture surfaces of frozen coatings. We show that by incorporating copolymerizable functional monomers, it is possible to achieve F/T stability in polymer latexes and in low-VOC paints, as judged by the microstructures revealed by the cryogenic SEM technique. Particle coalescence as well as pigment segregation in F/T unstable systems are visualized. In order to achieve F/T stability in paints, latex particles must not flocculate and should provide protection to inorganic pigment and extender particles. Because of the unique capabilities of the cryogenic SEM, we are able to separate the effects of freezing and thawing, and study the influence of the rate of freezing and thawing on F/T stability. Destabilization can be caused by either freezing or thawing. A slow freezing process is more detrimental to F/T stability than a fast freezing process; the latter actually preserves suspension stability during freezing. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004 in Chicago, IL. Tied for first place in The John A. Gordon Best Paper Competition.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Bark and Ambrosia Beetles in the Southeastern US

In 2002–2004, we examined the flight responses of 49 species of native and exotic bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae and Platypodidae) to traps baited with ethanol and/or (−)-α-pinene in the southeastern US. Eight field trials were conducted in mature pine stands in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Funnel traps baited with ethanol lures (release rate, about 0.6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to ten species of ambrosia beetles (Ambrosiodmus tachygraphus, Anisandrus sayi, Dryoxylon onoharaensum, Monarthrum mali, Xyleborinus saxesenii, Xyleborus affinis, Xyleborus ferrugineus, Xylosandrus compactus, Xylosandrus crassiusculus, and Xylosandrus germanus) and two species of bark beetles (Cryptocarenus heveae and Hypothenemus sp.). Traps baited with (−)-α-pinene lures (release rate, 2–6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to five bark beetle species (Dendroctonus terebrans, Hylastes porculus, Hylastes salebrosus, Hylastes tenuis, and Ips grandicollis) and one platypodid ambrosia beetle species (Myoplatypus flavicornis). Ethanol enhanced responses of some species (Xyleborus pubescens, H. porculus, H. salebrosus, H. tenuis, and Pityophthorus cariniceps) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene in some locations. (−)-α-Pinene interrupted the response of some ambrosia beetle species to traps baited with ethanol, but only the response of D. onoharaensum was interrupted consistently at most locations. Of 23 species of ambrosia beetles captured in our field trials, nine were exotic and accounted for 70–97% of total catches of ambrosia beetles. Our results provide support for the continued use of separate traps baited with ethanol alone and ethanol with (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common bark and ambrosia beetles from the southeastern region of the US.     

Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates Attract Stink Bugs and Tachinid Parasitoids

Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is a newly invasive species in the eastern USA that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in Allentown, PA. In its native range, the BMSB is reportedly attracted to methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern Asia, Plautia stali Scott. In North America, Thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate [the (E,Z,Z)-isomer] as part of their pheromones. Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates were field-tested in Maryland to monitor the spread of the BMSB and to explore the possibility that Thyanta spp. are an alternate host for parasitic tachinid flies that use stink bug pheromones as host-finding kairomones. Here we report the first captures of adult and nymph BMSBs in traps baited with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate in central Maryland and present data verifying that the tachinid, Euclytia flava (Townsend), exploits methyl (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate as a kairomone. We also report the unexpected finding that various isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate attract Acrosternum hilare (Say), although this bug apparently does not produce methyl decatrienoates. Other stink bugs and tachinids native to North America were also attracted to methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates. These data indicate there are Heteroptera in North America in addition to Thyanta spp. that probably use methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates as pheromones. The evidence that some pentatomids exploit the pheromones of other true bugs as kairomones to find food or to congregate as a passive defense against tachinid parasitism is discussed.     

2005～2006年国外塑料工业进展

收集了2005年7月～2006年6月国外塑料工业的相关资料，介绍了2005—2006年国外塑料工业的发展情况。提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂生产量以及各国塑料制品的进出口情况。作为对比，介绍了中国塑料的生产情况。按通用热塑性树脂（聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂）、工程塑料（聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚）、通用热固性树脂（酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和树脂、环氧树脂）、特种工程塑料（聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮）的品种顺序，对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的扩展作了详细的介绍。     

2007～2008年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2007年7月～2008年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2007～2008年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况.按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯·硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和聚酯树脂、环氧树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍.