共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 406 毫秒
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依据空中加油自动对接阶段的高精密测量需求,设计了双目视觉与激光测距融合的测量系统。分别分析了双目视觉与激光测距的误差和系统实时性,采用二维摆镜结合激光测距机测距,解决多传感器融合的时滞问题。并提出数据融合算法,利用双目视觉粗测的三维信息,调整摆镜使激光测距机精测距离,依据光路进一步修正该距离值,再依据空间几何关系修正双目视觉光轴方向的测量值,从而获取高精度的三维信息。多次试验结果表明:设计的融合算法能够使测量精度提升到10 mm/20 m,极大提高了自动对接的可靠性,为空中加油自动对接提供了一种新的高精度测量方法。 相似文献
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机器人准确度的相机交会式测量系统 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
机器人的准确度是适应离线编程等应用要求而提出的.ISO 9283规定应对机器人进行准确度的检测;为了用误差补偿方法提高机器人的准确度,也必须测定机器人在其整个工作空间的绝对误差分布.但任何测试系统,如不以机器人的基座坐标定位,就无法实施准确度测量.本文首先提出了在相机交会式测量系统中,将测量坐标系与被测机器人机座坐标系精确对准的方法和装置,从而实现了 lSO 标准所要求的机器人绝对准确度的测量. 相似文献
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这个系统利用重力加速度计与磁通门磁强计实现对三维空间物体的姿态测量,并能以此为基准实现物体空间移动轨迹的检测。在方向的测量中使用了3个传感器代替代统的单个传感器测量,以减小加速度计与磁通门计在与物体运动方向成较小角度时灵敏度的下降。通过实验得知这种方法是十分有效的。 相似文献
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在地下勘测,钻井探矿等领域,需要测斜仪对钻头的姿态进行精确定位与控制,实时监测地底下钻头的姿态变化。现有的测斜仪通常为三分量磁通门传感器与三分量加速度传感器相结合,其结构复杂,且磁通门传感器与加速度传感器的轴向要求方向一致,因此需要人工调节与算法调节,加大了前期传感器布置与补偿的计算难度。本文研究了新型测斜传感器,采用环形铁芯设计和铁芯不固定的方法,设计了双分量环形磁通门传感器,并通过铁芯与磁通门传感器的敏感轴方向上磁通量之间的角度关系,通过三维坐标轴旋转计算得出测量被测物体的俯仰角等姿态变化。经过试验表明,新型测斜传感器能对物体的姿态角进行精准测量,精度高,且省去了加速度传感器,简化了传感器结构和测量参数,并且简化了角度测量算法与正交度补偿算法。 相似文献
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针对传统单日视觉测量精度不高,尤其是深度方向测量精度较差的缺点,建立了球体针孔成像模型,提出了一种基于圆锥曲线拟合的球体成像边缘哑像素定位方法,可求出圆形目标的中心和半径,再同过统计目标边缘点到圆心的距离均值和方差,通过3σ原则剔除野值,再进行一次拟合进一步提高精度.实验表明,方法边缘定位精度为0.02pixel.直径为40mm的球体在1m范围内成像,平行于像平面方向上测量误差小于0.2mm,沿光轴方向小于0.6mm. 相似文献
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在惯性测量领域,单纯利用加速度二次积分的方法并不能准确感知目标对象移动的距离.加速度传感器在感知呈线性运动的目标对象时较为准确和实用,但在三维空间运动时它的坐标轴会随物体发生方向的改变而不断漂移.为解决该问题,提出了一种基于角度补偿的手机多传感器数据融合测距算法(ADC-R),使用加速度传感器测量物体运动的加速度,作为计算位移的原始数据;采用手机陀螺仪传感器测量运动物体的角速度,并以旋转矢量传感器输出的数据作为参数把手机动态坐标系下测得的加速度值空间坐标转换到静态的参考坐标系下,然后进行数据融合完成角度补偿计算;最后根据物理学加速度和位移的关系运用数学积分方法和进一步修正误差的技术得到最终移动的距离.实验结果表明此方法在近距离测距方面精度较高,优于加速度积分算法和加速度与陀螺仪融合算法. 相似文献
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Image blur caused by object motion attenuates high frequency content of images, making post‐capture deblurring an ill‐posed problem. The recoverable frequency band quickly becomes narrower for faster object motion as high frequencies are severely attenuated and virtually lost. This paper proposes to translate a camera sensor circularly about the optical axis during exposure, so that high frequencies can be preserved for a wide range of in‐plane linear object motion in any direction within some predetermined speed. That is, although no object may be photographed sharply at capture time, differently moving objects captured in a single image can be deconvolved with similar quality. In addition, circular sensor motion is shown to facilitate blur estimation thanks to distinct frequency zero patterns of the resulting motion blur point‐spread functions. An analysis of the frequency characteristics of circular sensor motion in relation to linear object motion is presented, along with deconvolution results for photographs captured with a prototype camera. 相似文献
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针对传统的基于激光和传感器测距方式复杂和昂贵的缺点,提出了一种利用改良聚光灯的测距方法。该方法根据暗环境的特点,使用透镜改良聚光灯产生边缘效果好的光斑;变化的阈值实现对图像中的区域分割,利用环形质心接近的方法确定白光照射的焦点位置,利用三角方法实现测距。经实验验证,该方法区别于使用激光等测距,可以快速地处理复杂背景下的精度要求不高的测距任务,还可以为摄像头提供光源来获取颜色、细节等图像信息。 相似文献
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This paper presents a cost-efficient, real-time vision-sensor system for identifying, locating and tracking objects that are unknown and randomly placed on a moving conveyor belt. The visual information obtained from a conventional frame-store unit and an end-effector based proximity sensor outputs are incorporated in a fuzzy-logic control algorithm to make the robotic manipulator grasp moving objects. The robot movements are going to be the result of the comparative measurements made by the sensors after the motion of the moving target is predicted and the gripper is brought into a zone close to the object to be grasped by the application of a vision system. The mobile object is traced by controlling the motion of the end-effector with an end-effector based infrared proximity sensors and conveyor position encoder by keeping the gripper's axis to pass through a median plane of the moving object. With this procedure and using the fuzzy-logic control, the system is adapted to pursue of a mobile object. Laboratory experiments are presented to demonstrate the performance of this system. ©1999 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 相似文献
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针对经纬仪水平度传感器存在安装误差的问题,分析了竖轴倾斜误差补偿中水平度传感器安装误差存在形式;推导了传感器安装误差对水平度检测结果的影响公式,在此基础上研究了安装误差对传感器测量值的影响规律,在绕竖轴的旋转平面内的安装误差,在经过粗调平后,对最终检测结果的影响可以忽略不计,在传感器所在铅锤面内的安装误差对测量值的影响在对径位置上相同;因此设计了相应的传感器安装误差补偿方法,从而修正了经纬仪水平度传感器安装误差对水平度检测的影响。 相似文献
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In this paper, we consider the problem of motion and shape estimation using a camera and a laser range finder. The object considered is a plane which is undergoing a Riccati motion. The camera observes features on the moving plane perspectively. The range-finder camera is capable of obtaining the range of the plane along a given "laser plane", which can either be kept fixed or can be altered in time. Finally, we assume that the identification is carried out as soon as the visual and range data is available, or after a suitable temporal integration. In each of these various cases, we derive to what extent the motion and shape parameters are identifiable and characterize the results as an orbit of a suitable group. The paper does not emphasize any specific choice of algorithm. 相似文献
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Measurement error analysis and accuracy enhancement of 2D vision system for robotic drilling 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Robotic drilling for aircraft structures demands higher accuracy on industrial robots than their traditional applications. Positioning error measurement and compensation based on 2D vision system is a cost-effective way to improve the positioning accuracy in robotic drilling. In this paper, we first discuss the principle of error measurement and compensation with a 2D vision system for robotic drilling and the determination of tool center point of the vision system so that the Abbe errors are eliminated in the measurement process. Measurement errors due to nonideal measurement conditions, i.e. nonperpendicularity of the camera optical axis to the workpiece surface and incorrect object distance, are mathematically modeled and experimentally verified. A method utilizing four laser displacement sensors is proposed to ensure perpendicularity of the camera optical axis to the workpiece surface and correct object distance in the measurement process, and hence to achieve high accuracy in 2D vision-based measurement. Experiments performed on a robotic drilling system show that the 2D vision system can achieve an accuracy of approximately 0.1 mm with the proposed method. 相似文献