干热处理对马铃薯淀粉—离子胶混合物理化性质的影响

将马铃薯淀粉与黄原胶、海藻酸钠、羧甲基纤维素钠(CMC)等混合后进行干热处理,制得热改性马铃薯淀粉。研究干热处理对马铃薯淀粉分别与3种离子胶混合制成的混合物的物理化性质的影响。结果表明:经干热处理后,马铃薯淀粉—CMC和马铃薯淀粉—黄原胶混合物的凝胶硬度、胶着性和咀嚼性均显著增加,热稳定性显著增强。而马铃薯淀粉—海藻酸钠混合物凝胶的质构特性和热稳定性没有显著变化。红外测定结果表明,与离子胶混合,再经干热处理后后,马铃薯淀粉的红外特征峰向低波长移动,分子间的氢键增强,表明了淀粉与离子胶在干热过程中发生了相互作用。     

大豆分离蛋白辅助干热改性玉米淀粉的流变特性研究

本文采用快速黏度分析仪(RVA)、流变仪、扫描电镜(SEM)对干热处理前后的普通玉米淀粉(CS)和蜡质玉米淀粉(WCS)与大豆分离蛋白(SPI)共混物的糊化特性、流变特性以及微观结构进行了研究。实验结果表明,与SPI干热处理后,淀粉的黏度明显增加,而WCS黏度的增加相比于CS更加明显。与未经干热处理的样品相比,干热混合物的G’、G"值显著增加,tanδ值明显降低。表明干热处理后,糊化后的淀粉凝胶网络结构增强,更加偏向于类固体的性质。SEM结果显示,与SPI干热使淀粉产生了聚集,CS/SPI产生了较小的聚集,而WCS/SPI形成了更大的块状聚集体。淀粉颗粒之间的聚集表明淀粉与SPI经干热处理后发生了相互作用,并且WCS与SPI的交互作用更加明显。SPI辅助干热改性可以作为蜡质玉米淀粉改性的新方法。     

黄原胶协同干热变性对紫薯淀粉特性的影响

为开发强度高、透明度好且阻水能力优的可食性淀粉膜,本试验添加黄原胶对紫薯淀粉进行干热变性处理,研究其产物特性的变化。结果表明:黄原胶协同干热变性处理后的紫薯淀粉颗粒略微膨胀,大小不均一且发生粘连现象;糊化起始温度略有降低,峰值黏度与终值黏度均升高,热稳定性提高;淀粉糊的冻融稳定性显著提高,溶解度和膨胀度降低,且透明度有所降低;淀粉糊的流变曲线表现为逆时针环状,屈服应力明显增大,其形成的凝胶呈现固体特征,储能模量G'增加,剪切结构恢复力显著提高;淀粉属C-型晶体,干热处理前后淀粉的X-射线衍射图谱无明显变化,但干热变性处理使淀粉结晶度增大。因此,添加黄原胶对紫薯淀粉进行干热变性,可使产物的特性发生明显改变。     

木薯淀粉与黄原胶共混干热改性研究

研究了干热反应的温度、时间及共混物pH对木薯淀粉及黄原胶共混物的影响,对改性产物的交联度、淀粉糊粘度及透明度进行测定,用X-射线衍射仪(XRD)对淀粉结构进行分析。结果表明,干热处理能有效抑制淀粉糊化,降低透明度,证明木薯淀粉和黄原胶发生了交联反应,且淀粉与黄原胶在碱性条件下混合有利于交联反应的进行,交联程度随反应温度和时间的增加而增加。     

食品胶协同干热处理对马铃薯淀粉理化特性的影响

为了改善马铃薯淀粉加工特性,选用瓜尔胶、羧甲基纤维素钠和黄原胶3种食品胶分别与马铃薯淀粉复配后进行干热处理,研究食品胶协同干热处理对马铃薯淀粉糊化、老化和流变特性的影响。研究发现,中3种食品胶协同干热处理均能够降低糊化温度与糊化焓,并且均能增强淀粉体系稳定性,使其呈现出弹性流体性质,不仅如此还均能提高淀粉糊热稳定性以及耐剪切能力,此外均能增强淀粉凝胶的冻融稳定性。结果表明,3种食品胶协同干热处理均能起到改善马铃薯淀粉加工特性的作用,对其改善程度对比分析发现,黄原胶协同干热处理改善马铃薯淀粉特性效果最好。     

玉米淀粉与黄原胶复配体系糊化及回生特性的研究

本文研究了玉米淀粉与黄原胶复配体系的糊化和回生特性。RVA糊化实验表明黄原胶降低了玉米淀粉的成糊温度,并随着黄原胶在复配体系中的比例逐渐增加,其复配体系的峰值黏度和终值黏度均显著增加(p<0.05),崩解值和回生值降低(p<0.05)。热稳定性实验表明加入黄原胶后的复配体系在95℃之后的高温下可以较长时间维持体系的黏度,具有良好的热稳定性。凝沉性实验表明黄原胶可以降低玉米淀粉的凝沉作用,当m(玉米淀粉)∶m(黄原胶)为9∶1时复配体系凝沉作用最小,在120h后仍无明显上清液析出。冻融稳定性实验表明黄原胶能抑制复配体系的回生,提高其冻融稳定性。     

添加黄原胶和脂肪酸后玉米淀粉理化性质的变化

为了改善玉米淀粉的加工特性,提升产品品质,研究了黄原胶和3种不同链长的脂肪酸(肉豆蔻酸、棕榈酸和硬脂酸)的组合对玉米淀粉糊化性质、流变性质、凝胶性质、热性质和凝胶微观结构的影响。快速黏度分析结果表明,添加黄原胶-棕榈酸和黄原胶-硬脂酸组合后玉米淀粉糊的峰值黏度和最终黏度分别增加了123～131 m Pa·s和64～94 m Pa·s,回生值降低了16～18 m Pa·s,而添加黄原胶-肉豆蔻酸组合的淀粉糊峰值黏度和最终黏度降低,回生值增加。静态流变结果表明,加入黄原胶和3种不同链长脂肪酸组合的玉米淀粉均表现出非牛顿剪切稀化行为(流动行为指数n1)。动态流变结果显示,加入黄原胶-棕榈酸和黄原胶-硬脂酸组合后,玉米淀粉的储能模量G′和损耗模量G″增加,表明加入这两种组合可有效的改善玉米淀粉的黏弹性,而加入黄原胶-肉豆蔻酸组合的玉米淀粉的G′和G″值降低。添加黄原胶和3种不同链长脂肪酸组合后,玉米淀粉凝胶硬度降低了65～77g,差示扫描量热仪结果显示在89～110℃出现吸热峰,表明形成了直链淀粉-脂肪酸复合物;扫描电镜观察到淀粉凝胶网络结构断裂程度增加,呈现碎片化结构,表明加入黄原胶和脂肪酸的组合后,淀粉的凝胶结构被弱化。     

羧甲基纤维素辅助微波干热对蜡质玉米淀粉理化特性的影响

以蜡质玉米淀粉(WCS)为原料,通过羧甲基纤维素(CMC)辅助对其进行微波干热改性,以便改善WCS的加工特性,扩宽其应用范围。采用快速黏度分析仪(RVA)、差示扫描量热仪(DSC)、流变仪、X衍射分析仪等对CMC辅助微波干热改性的WCS的糊化特性、冻融稳定性、热特性、流变特性等进行了研究。结果表明,经CMC辅助微波干热后,WCS糊的黏度和冻融稳定性显著升高。表观黏度随角频率增加而降低,显示了典型的非牛顿流体特征,添加CMC的WCS糊的储能模量(G')和损耗模量(G″)增大,而损耗因子(tanδ)显著降低,表明样品的凝胶性明显增强。     

黄原胶的干热改性及复配增稠应用

该文对黄原胶进行干热改性,提高了黄原胶的速溶性和黏度,并进行红外光谱、粒度、分子质量和X-射线衍射等结构表征,最后将改性黄原胶与预糊化淀粉和麦芽糊精复配,应用于吞咽造影。结果表明,改性黄原胶分子间发生了交联,结晶区减少,改性黄原胶的速溶性和黏度明显提高,复配增稠剂的速溶性大幅提高,吞咽造影结果证明减少了吞咽障碍引起的误吸等现象。     

黄原胶对燕麦淀粉凝胶特性的影响

为改善燕麦淀粉加工品质,提升产品质量,采用快速黏度分析仪、质构仪、低场核磁、红外光谱和扫描电镜(SEM)研究了黄原胶对燕麦淀粉凝胶特性的影响。结果表明:黄原胶的添加延缓了燕麦淀粉的糊化,增强了燕麦淀粉的热加工性能,降低了燕麦淀粉的最终黏度,延缓了燕麦淀粉的老化回生;黄原胶的质量分数与凝胶硬度、胶着性呈显著负相关,随着黄原胶质量分数的增加,凝胶硬度和胶着性呈下降趋势,添加黄原胶使混合体系凝胶的水分运动性降低,表现为结合水和半结合水含量增加,自由水含量降低;凝胶化过程中,黄原胶与燕麦淀粉未发生化学反应,且黄原胶的添加增加了凝胶回生样品中的无序结构;黄原胶改善了燕麦淀粉凝胶网络结构,孔洞分布均匀而且孔隙率增大。     

Reliable identification of grapevine rootstock varieties using RAPD PCR on woody samples

Since grapevine ( Vitis spp .) rootstock material is being traded increasingly as disbudded woody material a lack of distinctive morphological features on such material necessitates an alternative and reliable means of identification. Methods described here were developed for rapid and efficient extraction of DNA from woody samples rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides, and for subsequent identification of varieties by RAPD PCR. Using these methods, and with the application of only one selected RAPD primer, we were able to differentiate sixteen rootstock varieties, including the seven varieties most commonly used in Germany. Problems commonly encountered with reproducibility of RAPD patterns were avoided by choosing primers with a dinucleotide sequence and a high G/C content that allowed a rather high annealing temperature of 45°C. Methods described here should also be useful for other horticultural crops, especially those with woody tissues rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides.     

Aroma characterization of various apricot varieties using headspace–solid phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and gas chromatography–olfactometry

The characterization of the aromatic profile of several apricot cultivars with molecular tracers in order to obtain objective data concerning the aromatic quality of this fruit was undertaken using headspace–solid phase microextraction (HS–SPME). Six apricot cultivars were selected according to their organoleptic characteristics: Iranien, Orangered, Goldrich, Hargrand, Rouge du Roussillon and A4025. The aromatic intensity of these varieties measured by HS–SPME–Olfactometry were defined and classified according to the presence and the intensity of grassy, fruity and apricot like notes. In the six varieties, 23 common volatile compounds were identified by HS–SPME–GC–MS. Finally, 10 compounds, ethyl acetate, hexyl acetate, limonene, β-cyclocitral, γ-decalactone, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, linalool, β-ionone, menthone and (E)-hexen-2-al were recognized by HS–SPME–GC–O as responsible of the aromatic notes involved in apricot aroma and considered as molecular tracers of apricot aromatic quality which could be utilized to discriminate apricot varieties.     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part I: Low molecular weight permeants

The advent of the functional barrier concept in food packaging has brought with it a requirement for fast tests of permeation through potential barrier materials. In such tests it would be convenient for both foodstuffs and materials below the functional barrier (sub-barrier materials) to be represented by standard simulants. By means of inverse gas chromatography, liquid paraffin spiked with appropriate permeants was considered as a potential simulant of sub-barrier materials based on polypropylene (PP) or similar polyolefins. Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of low molecular weight model permeants (octene, toluene and isopropanol) from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 μm-thick oriented PP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. These permeation results were interpreted in terms of three permeation kinetic models regarding the solubility of a particular model permeant in the post-barrier medium (i.e. the food simulant). The results obtained justify the development and evaluation of liquid sub-barrier simulants that would allow flexible yet rigorous testing of new laminated multilayer packaging materials.     

Analysis of benzo[a]pyrene in spiked fatty foods by second derivative synchronous spectrofluorimetry after microwave-assisted treatment of samples

A simple, rapid and inexpensive method has been developed for the determination of benzo[a     

The development of reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel. II: Certification study

This paper describes the second part of a project undertaken to develop certified mussel reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins. In the first part two interlaboratory studies were undertaken to investigate the performance of the analytical methodology for several PSP toxins, in particular saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in lyophilized mussels, and to set criteria for the acceptance of results to be applied during the certification exercise. Fifteen laboratories participated in this certification study and were asked to measure saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in rehydrated lyophilized mussel material and in a saxitoxin-enriched mussel material. The participants were allowed to use a method of their choice but with an extraction procedure to be strictly followed. The study included extra experiments to verify the detection limits for both saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin. Most participants (13 of 15) were able to meet all the criteria set for the certification study. Results for saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of <0.07 mg/kg in the rehydrated lyophilized mussels. Results obtained for decarbamoyl-saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of 1.59+/-0.20 mg/kg. The results for saxitoxin.2HCl in enriched blank mussel yielded a certified mass fraction of 0.48 +/- 0.06 mg/kg. These certified reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel material are the first available for laboratories to test their method for accuracy and performance.     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of the     

Chinese CTP Market

According to Printing and Printing Equipment Industries Association of China（PEIAC）＇s statistics to the plate manufucturer in China, in 2013, the actual offset plate production has reached 346 million square meters in China. Among them, the CTP production volume was 245 million square meters, up by 11% than that of last year; the total sales of the CTP plate was 239 million square meters, up by 13%.     

Preparatory Work of Print China 2015 is Going Smoothly

正Held at Guangdong Modern International Exhibition Center,Print China 2015 will cover 7exhibition halls,besides the original Hall No.3,4,5,6,7,the newly built F zone of Hall 3 will be used too.The total area will be140,000 square meters.Hall 3:Offset and large printing equipment,package printing equipment,post press     

INFOPRINT 2014 was Successfully Held in Dongguan

Sponsored by Printing and Printing Equipment Industries Association of China （PEIAC） and organized by Print China magazine, the Seventeenth Beijing International Printing Information Conference （INFOPRINT 2014） was successfully held on 11th Dec. 2014 at Dongguan Exhibition International Hotel.