微合金元素对重轨钢动态再结晶及其显微组织的影响

应用Gleeble-1500D热模拟试验对重轨钢进行单道次压缩实验,测定不同终轧温度下的真应力-真应变曲线,并用扫描电镜观察变形后空冷的显微组织,研究不同终轧温度和微合金元素V,Nb和Re对重轨钢动态再结晶及显微组织的影响.结果表明,V,Nb和Re能显著地抑制形变奥氏体的动态再结晶.在终轧温度较高时仍能得到细小均匀的显微组织.     

Assessment of the curving performance of heavy haul trains under braking conditions

Railway Engineering Science - To study the curving performance of trains, 1D and 3D dynamic models of trains were built using numerical methods. The 1D model was composed of 210 simple wagons, each...     

重轨钢中稀土与铌的交互作用规律的研究

Nb和RE元素对钢的性能均有重要影响.通过不同组分下对热轧后重轨钢中Nb的析出形态的透射电镜和扫描电镜的试样分析,讨论了稀土残留在重轨中对碳化铌的形状、大小及分布的影响.分析结果表明,稀土残留在钢中,使碳化铌尺寸减小,仍沿轧制方向分布,形状由矩形变为不规则形状.     

重轨生产线钢坯字符识别方法

针对重轨生产线钢坯支支跟踪的需求,研究了一种基于计算机视觉的钢坯字符识别方法.该识别方法对在线采集到的钢坯字符图像采用基于最大类间方差的多级分割滤波与聚类处理突出字符目标区域,从而精准定位出钢坯字符;采用基于智能多代理者的切分算法来完成钢坯字符的精确切分;采用模板匹配与结构特征识别相结合的多级识别方法来正确识别出钢坯字符.实验结果表明所提出的算法能正确快速地识别出钢坯号字符.     

Wheel/rail dynamic interaction due to excitation of rail corrugation in high-speed railway

Characteristics of wheel-rail dynamic interaction due to the rail corrugation in a high-speed railway are analyzed based on the theory of vehicle-track coupled dynamics in this paper.Influences of the corrugation wavelength and depth on the wheel-rail dynamic performance are investigated.The results show that,under the excitation of a measured rail corrugation,the wheel-rail dynamic interaction of high-speed railway is enhanced obviously,and the high-frequency dynamic force between wheel and rail is generated,which has an obvious impact on the vibrations of the wheelset and rail,and little effect on the vibration of the frame and carbody.If the corrugation wavelength is shorter than the sensitive wavelength,the wheel-rail vertical force will increase with the growth of the corrugation wavelength,otherwise,it will decrease.However,the wheel-rail vertical force keeps increasing with the growth of corrugation depth.Furthermore,if the corrugation wavelength is shorter than the sensitive wavelength,the wheel-rail vertical force will increase with the decrease of the running speed,otherwise,it will decrease.It is also found that the critical wavelength of corrugation increases with the growth of the corrugation depth and the running speed,and the critical depth of corrugation is nonlinearly related to the sensitive wavelength.     

Analysis of longitudinal forces of coupler devices in emergency braking process for heavy haul trains

Journal of Central South University - To reduce the longitudinal coupler forces of heavy haul trains and improve the running safety, the velocity method and New-mark method were used for the...     

重载动力荷载下水泥砼路面的力学响应分析

为研究动力荷载下水泥砼动力响应的规律,在修筑的试验路段上,以重型运输车辆为加载设备,通过在混凝土板中埋入应变传感器,获得行驶车辆荷载作用下板内测量应变,分析实际车辆荷载作用下水泥混凝土路面板内的应变状态,对动态多联轴车辆荷载作用下的路面板内的力学响应做初步探讨。     

重轨钢大方坯轻压下位置的预报

采用有限元方法,对某钢厂新建的重轨钢大方坯在不同的位速和过热度条件下的凝固过程温度场分布情况、坯壳生长规律和凝固分率进行了预测性的模拟研究,从而为该钢厂新建的重轨钢大方坯连铸机的结晶器和二冷区的冷却制度的制定和轻压下区间的选取提供理论依据和技术指导.     

伸缩缝参数对大跨度拱桥车致动力响应的影响

为探究伸缩缝参数对大跨度中承式钢管混凝土拱桥车致动力响应的影响,建立了考虑伸缩缝参数影响的车-桥耦合动力响应分析方法（车-缝-桥耦合动力响应分析方法）;进而以某大跨度中承式钢管混凝土拱桥为研究对象,探究了伸缩缝高差、支撑刚度、缝宽等参数对车-缝-桥耦合动力响应的影响规律。结果表明:1）伸缩缝设计参数条件下,随车速的增加车辆对伸缩缝的竖向冲击作用呈先减小后增大的趋势,与主梁车致冲击作用相比,伸缩缝车致冲击作用更加显著;随车速增加主梁车致冲击系数呈增大趋势;考虑伸缩缝参数影响后,车辆对主梁的竖向冲击作用与空间位置有关,与伸缩缝位置相近的主梁测点冲击系数更大。2）伸缩缝参数变化条件下,中横梁升高会导致车辆对伸缩缝的冲击作用增大,而中横梁升高或降低均会导致车辆对梁端的冲击作用增大,并造成支座反力的增大;伸缩缝支撑刚度降低或缝宽变大时,车辆对伸缩缝中横梁的冲击作用影响均增大;伸缩缝参数对主梁1/4跨截面、1/2跨截面位移响应影响较小。     

移动式钢轨焊接接头表面硬化装置及工艺的研究

介绍了所研制的移动式钢轨焊接接头表面硬化处理装置的结构、功能与使用方法.利用该装置对U71Mn和U75V钢轨焊后轨头表面硬化处理（即欠速淬火）试验.分别进行化学成分、硬度以及显微组织分析.结果表明：处理后的钢轨接头,具有较理想的显微组织和更为合适的轨顶硬度;可以成功地对钢轨焊接接头进行在线热处理,满足线路现场施工的热处理工艺要求.     

曲线地段直线电机轮轨列车动力学响应

为研究直线电机轮轨列车行驶于曲线段线路上时,铁路线路条件对列车动力响应的影响规律,以便为修改线路设计规范提供理论依据.建立直线电机轮轨交通列车线路动力学模型,模型中直线电机所受垂向电磁力大小随列车牵引速度和电机气隙的变化而时刻改变.仿真模拟并分析垂向电磁力、车速、曲线半径、超高、轨道不平顺对系统动力响应的影响.结果表明:轨道垂向不平顺和高车速对气隙影响显著;列车通过小半径曲线段时,垂向电磁力对脱轨系数和轮重减载率的消减作用显著;脱轨系数、轮重减载率、轮轨横向力、车体横向加速度、车体横向位移这5类动力响应的最大值,同时受车速、曲线半径、超高影响显著.基于5类动力响应最大值的拟合公式,可对车速、曲线半径、超高取值范围进行合理匹配,并确定曲线地段的合理车辆限界.     

重轨矫直过程应力演变规律数值模拟分析

应用有限元模拟软件ABAQUS对材料为U75V、弦高为80 mm的重轨,在标准规程20.9-13.2-5.6-5.4下进行矫直数值模拟,分别分析了重轨在整个矫直过程的内部应力形成机理及变化规律.结果表明:在各个矫直变形区内,轨头和轨底受到的应力较大,轨腰处的应力较小,且矫后钢轨内部残余应力在轨底为最大是242 MPa.     

Effect of the drive system on locomotive dynamic characteristics using different dynamics models

Based on the theory of vehicle-track coupled dynamics and gear system dynamics, a locomotive-track coupled spatial dynamics model is established by considering the dynamic effects of the gear transmission system. The vibration responses of a locomotive's major components are then simulated using three locomotive-track models, namely the proposed dynamics model with the gear transmissions, a locomotive-track coupled dynamics model that considers the traction motor, and the classical Zhai's model. The locomotive dynamic responses of the three models are extracted and compared to reveal discrepancies between them so as to explore the dynamic effects of the power transmission system and clarify potential applications of these models. The results indicate that the dynamic effects of the gear transmissions have a negligible influence on the lateral vibrations of the locomotive components. However, they have obvious effects on the vertical and longitudinal vibrations of the wheelset and the traction motor. Another advantage of the locomotive dynamics model that considers the dynamic effects of the gear transmissions is that the dynamic performance of the drive system can be assessed in the vehicle vibration environment. This study provides theoretical references that can assist researchers in choosing the most appropriate locomotive dynamics model according to their specific research purpose.     

重轨UR万能孔轧制腿高增长模型研究

借助有限元分析软件ANSYS/LS-DYNA,在包钢现有重轨生产条件的基础上,对重轨在UR1孔万能轧制过程中的腿部变形进行了模拟研究.通过对实验数据的整理和分析,找出了影响重轨万能轨轧制过程中腿部变形的主要因素,建立了描述其腿高增长的数学模型,并对影响其主要因素进行分析.经现场生产数据验证的结果表明.用模型计算出的腿高增长量与实际生产数据比较吻合.     

重型动力触探在桩基础施工中的应用

分析了重型动力触探的影响因素及几种常用的触探曲线，介绍了重型动力触探在桩基础施工中的应用。     

用M-IEMS改善重轨钢大方坯中心碳偏析和组织

以 2 8 0mm× 32 5mm重轨钢大方坯的试验数据为依据 ,分析了电磁搅拌参数和连铸工艺参数对铸坯中心碳偏析以及铸坯的低倍结构的影响 ,采用M IEMS以及与连铸工艺参数的合理匹配 ,能明显改善铸坯的中心碳偏析和铸坯的内部组织结构     

重轨矫直变形过程的有限元模拟计算分析

采用ANSYS/LS-DYNA有限元软件,对重轨钢矫直过程进行了有限元模拟研究.重轨在计算机模拟矫直过程中,轨头、轨底、轨腰在各变形区内所产生的残余应力状态符合实际矫直情况.计算结果表明,轨底、轨腰、轨头在不同的变形区内残余应力变化显著,其应力状态以拉-压-拉的形式变化.     

A frequency and amplitude dependent model of rail pads for the dynamic analysis of train-track interaction

A frequency and amplitude dependent model is used to describe the complex behavior of rail pads.It is implemented into the dynamic analysis of three dimensional coupled vehicle-slab track(3D-CVST)systems.The vehicle is treated as a 35-degreeof-freedom multi-body system,and the slab track is represented by two continuous Bernoulli-Euler beams supported by a series of elastic rectangle plates on a viscoelastic foundation.The rail pad model takes into account the influences of the excitation frequency and of the displacement amplitude through a fractional derivative element,and a nonlinear friction element,respectively.The Grünwald representation of the fractional derivatives is employed to numerically solve the fractional and nonlinear equations of motion of the 3D-CVST system by means of an explicit integration algorithm.A dynamic analysis of the3D-CVST system exposed to excitations of rail harmonic irregularities is primarily carried out,which reveals the dependence of stiffness and damping on excitation frequency and displacement amplitude.Subsequently,sensitive analyses of the model parameters are investigated by conducting the dynamic analysis of the 3D-CVST system subjected to excitations of welded rail joint irregularities.Following this,parameters of the rail pad model are optimized with respect to experimental values.For elucidation,the 3D-CVST dynamic model incorporated with the rail pads model is used to calculate the wheel/rail forces induced by excitations of measured random track irregularities.Further,the numerical results are compared with experimental data,demonstrating the reliability of the proposed model.     

五种重金属对蛋白核小球藻的动态毒性研究

以蛋白核小球藻为受试生物,以五种常见的重金属(铜、锰、镉、锌和铅)为研究对象,应用时间依赖微板毒性分析法系统测定不同浓度的五种重金属分别对蛋白核小球藻在7个不同暴露时间(12、24、36、48、60、72和96 h)的动态生长抑制效应数据,应用非线性最小二乘法拟合在不同暴露时间测定的浓度-效应数据。结果表明,两参数非线性函数Logit能够较好地拟合五种重金属对蛋白核小球藻在除了暴露时间12 h外的浓度-效应数据(R0.91,RMSE0.1);五种重金属对蛋白核小球藻的毒性先随着时间的延长而逐渐增加,在一定时间后,毒性几乎不再增加,即具有明显的的时间依赖性,但不同重金属随暴露时间的延长,其毒性变化规律不同,如铜、镉和锌的毒性从暴露时间12 h时就开始逐渐增强,在24 h增加速度最快,然后缓慢增加至72 h后几乎不再增加,而锰和铅的毒性在开始的12 h内几乎没有毒性,此后开始迅速增加,铅在24 h内的抑制效应甚至超过了50%,锰在24 h和48 h两个时间点迅速增加,然后毒性几乎不再增加;不同重金属的毒性大小顺序随时间的变化规律也不相同。