La0.3Ca0.7Mn1-xWxO3体系中电荷有序及磁性质研究

采用固相反应法制备了钙钛矿锰氧化物La0 3Ca0 7Mn1-xWxO3(x=0.08,0.12)样品,通过M-T曲线、M-H曲线、ESR曲线研究了在Mn位掺W对La0 3Ca0 7MnO3电荷有序相的影响以及磁结构的变化过程.结果表明当x=0.08时,体系存在电荷有序(CO)相,相变温度TcO=275 K,在T＞275 K时体系表现为PM;当温度从275 K下降到230 K,体系在CO相下从自旋无序的顺磁态向自旋有序的反铁磁态转变;在230 K至5 K形成长程反铁磁态,AFM/CO态共存;低温区在AFM/CO态本底中存在一定的铁磁成分.当x=0.12时,体系的CO相已基本融化,150 K以下还残留少量CO相.在高于150K温区表现为顺磁;在低于150K温区从顺磁向铁磁转变.     

La0.3Ca0.7Mn1-xWxO3体系中电荷有序及磁性质研究

采用固相反应法制备了钙钛矿锰氧化物La0 3Ca0 7Mn1-xWxO3(x=0.08,0.12)样品,通过M-T曲线、M-H曲线、ESR曲线研究了在Mn位掺W对La0 3Ca0 7MnO3电荷有序相的影响以及磁结构的变化过程.结果表明:当x=0.08时,体系存在电荷有序(CO)相,相变温度TcO=275 K,在T＞275 K时体系表现为PM;当温度从275 K下降到230 K,体系在CO相下从自旋无序的顺磁态向自旋有序的反铁磁态转变;在230 K至5 K形成长程反铁磁态,AFM/CO态共存;低温区在AFM/CO态本底中存在一定的铁磁成分.当x=0.12时,体系的CO相已基本融化,150 K以下还残留少量CO相.在高于150K温区表现为顺磁;在低于150K温区从顺磁向铁磁转变.     

Influence of Gd Doping on Magnetic Behavior in La0.67Sr0.33CoO3, La0.67Sr0.33MnO3

研究了La0.67-xGdxSr0.33CoO3、La0.67-xGdxSr0.33MnO3 (x=0.00, 0.05, 0.10, 0.20, 0.30, 0.40, 0.50, 0.60, 0.67)体系的M-T曲线、M-H曲线。结果表明:随Gd掺杂浓度增高,La0.67-xGdxSr0.33CoO3体系的磁结构表现为团簇玻璃态,x>0.10样品的M-T曲线出现了低温区M值急剧上升的奇特现象;La0.67-xGdxSr0.33MnO3体系的磁结构从长程铁磁有序向团簇玻璃态、反铁磁状态转变,x≥0.50样品的M-T曲线在低温区急剧下降。两种体系呈现的不同现象,来源于Gd与Co、Mn不同的耦合作用和Co的自旋态的转变。     

Effect of Eu doping on structural and magneto-electrical properties of La0.7Ca0.3MnO3 manganites

We have investigated the influence of europium (Eu) doping on structural and magneto-electrical properties of La_0.7Ca_0.3MnO₃ compounds. In order to analyze the physical mechanism of a spin disorder system and study their relative evolutions, two samples of nominal compositions (La_0.7?xEu_x)Ca_0.3MnO₃ (x = 0.0 and 0.1) have been elaborated and characterized. In addition to structural changes seen by this kind of doping, the magnetoresistance (MR) and resistivity are increased while the metal–insulator transition temperature is decreased. Comparing the experimental data with the theoretical models shows that in the metal-ferromagnetic region, the electrical behaviour of both samples is quite well described by a theory based on Kondo-like spin dependent scattering, electron–electron scattering, electron–phonon and electron–magnon scatterings. For the high temperature paramagnetic insulating regime, the adiabatic small polaron hopping model is found to fit well the experimental curves.     

Roles of Te and Mn in the two phases of manganite with nominal composition La_（0.6）Sr_（0.1）Te_xMnO_3

Powder samples with nominal composition La<,0.6>Sr<,0.1>Te<,x>MnO<,3> (x = 0.00, 0.05, 0.10, 0.15, 0.20) were prepared using the sol-gel method with thermal treatment up to 1473 K. On the basis of powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric and magnetic measurements, it was found that almost all of the Te and a few of the Mn ions were lost from the samples when they were calcined at 1473 K. The reason for the Te loss and a quantitative phase analysis for the samples calcined at 1473 K are discussed in detail.     

Mn含量对Mn基Heusler合金磁及磁热性能影响

选用Mn基Heusler合金为研究对象。通过电弧熔炼和热处理制备样品,并用甩带法制成薄带形状。采用X射线衍射仪和振动样品磁强计等分析仪器测试了样品的晶体结构、磁及磁热性能,分析了Mn含量对材料晶体结构、磁和磁热性能的影响。研究发现,Mn2-xSn0.5Ga0.5合金在常温下为六方结构,在室温附近仅发生一次二阶磁性转变,无明显磁滞和热滞。居里温度和饱和磁化强度对Mn含量非常敏感,随着Mn含量升高,居里温度和饱和磁化强度均出现下降,由Mn1.2Sn0.5Ga0.5的304 K和64.1 emu/g分别降至Mn2Sn0.5Ga0.5的262 K和46.7 emu/g,这表明合金中的磁矩呈亚铁磁形态分布。由于没有磁滞和热滞,室温附近较大的工作温度区间,因此,该材料在磁制冷领域具有很好的应用前景。     

MTG法研究La1-xSrxMnO3体系的磁性与磁弛豫

利用外加磁场的MTG法对La1-xSrxMnO3体系的磁性与磁弛豫进行了研究.结果发现:在居里温度附近温度场和外加磁场的共同作用导致顺磁-铁磁两相消长与竞争现象.随外加磁场增强,两相共存温度区增大,铁磁-顺磁转变时间更长.     

Influence of two-step cooling method on magnetic properties of Fe82Mo7B10Cu1 nanocrystalline alloy

Soft magnetic properties of Fe82Mo7B10Cu1 nanocrystalline alloy were studied as a function of cooling condition. The results show that higher permeability and relaxation frequency can be obtained by the two-step cooling method, and the pinning field of the sample obtained by this method is smaller than that of the fitrnace-cooled and water-quenched samples. This phenomenon was interpreted in terms of internal stress and the magnetic ordering of the residual amorphous phase. The two-step cooling treatment is an effective way to improve the soft magnetic properties of Fe82Mo7B10Cu1 nanocrystalline alloy.     

NiFe2O4/SiO2纳米复合体的制备及其磁性能

通过溶胶-凝胶法将NiFe2O4纳米颗粒分散于SiO2基体中, 制得NiFe2O4/SiO2纳米复合体. 利用XRD, DSC, TEM和VSM对合成的(NiFe2O4)wSiO2(1-w)(5%≤w≤55%)纳米复合体进行了表征. 研究结果显示: w＜15%的纳米复合体均以非晶态存在, 在15%≤w≤50%的范围内, 随着w的增加, NiFe2O4的晶粒尺寸从2.nm增长到25.nm, w进一步增加则会导致材料中NiFe2O4晶粒尺寸减小. 所制备的NiFe2O4/SiO2纳米复合体的饱和磁场强度随晶粒尺寸增加而增加, 变化范围为3.7～11.0.A·m2·kg-1; 矫顽力值最大可以达到2.49×104.A·m-1, 是纯NiFe2O4大块材料矫顽力值的4倍以上.     

Effects of rapid quenching on microstructures and electrochemical properties of La0.7Mg0.3Ni2.55Co0.45Bx（x=O-0.2） hydrogen storage alloy

In order to improve the electrochemical performances of La-Mg-Ni based electrode alloys with PuNi3-type structure, a trace of boron was added in La0.7Mg0.3Ni2.55Co0.45 alloy. The La0.7Mg0.3Ni2.55Co0.45Bx（a=0, 0.05, 0.1, 0.15 and 0.2） alloys were prepared by casting and rapid quenching. The electrochemical performances and microstructures of the as-cast and quenched alloys were investigated. The effects of rapid quenching on the microstructures and electrochemical performances of the above alloys were investigated. The results show that the as-cast and quenched alloys are composed of （La, Mg）Ni3 phase, LaNi5 phase and LaNi2 phase. A trace of the Ni2B phase exists in the as-cast alloys containing boron, and the Ni2B phase in the B-contained alloys nearly disappears after rapid quenching. Rapid quenching increases the amount of the LaNi2 phase in the B-free alloy, but it decreases the amount of the LaNi2 phase in the boron-containing alloys. The effects of rapid quenching on the capacities of the boron-containing and boron-free alloys are different. The capacity of the B-free alloy monotonously decreases with increasing quenching rate, whereas the capacities of the B-contained alloys have a maximum value with the change of the quenching rate. The rapid quenching can improve the stability of La-Mg-Ni based electrode alloy but lowers the discharge plateau voltage and decreases the plateau length. The effect of rapid quenching on the activation capabilities of the alloys was complicated.     

Effects of rapid quenching on microstructures and electrochemical properties of La_(0.7)Mg_(0.3)Ni_(2.55)Co_(0.45)B_x(x=0-0.2) hydrogen storage alloy

1 Introduction Ni-MH batteries have been used widely by virtue of several of their advantages, such as high capacity, capable of performing a high rate charge/discharge, high resistance to overcharging and over-discharging, a long cycle life, environment…     

Preparation of new sunscreen materials Ce1-xZnxO2-x via solid-state reaction at room temperature and study on their properties

Superfine cerium-zinc oxides Ce1-xZnxO2-x with x = 0, 0.1, 0.3, 0.5, and 1.0 were obtained by grinding Ce(SO4)2·4H2O, ZnSO4·7H2O and NH4HCO3 under the condition of surfactant PEG-400 being present at room temperature, washing the mixture with water to remove soluble inorganic salts, drying at 80°C, and calcining.The precursor and its calcined samples were characterized using thermogravimetry and differential thermal analyses(TG/DTA), UV-vis absorption spectroscopy, X-ray powder diffraction(XRD), and scanning electron microscopy(SEM).The results showed that superfine Ce1-xZnxO2-x behaved as an excellent UV-shielding material.The ZnO-doped CeO2 can facilitate the formation of crystalline state CeO2.The catalytic ability of products used in air oxidation of castor oil was investigated.The results showed that the catalytic abilities of products decreased with increasing zinc amount.     

Studies on the hydrogen absorption properties of LaNi5−xSnx and La0.95Ni4.6Sn0.3 alloys using magnetic and thermoelectric power measurement

Magnetic and thermoelectric power (TEP) measurements are used to quantify hydrogen availability, absorption, and desorption in materials for nickel-hydride batteries and hydrogen storage. The effect of the concentration of conduction electrons is introduced and used to investigate hydride properties of these alloys. To investigate hydrogenation properties the calculated average number ofd-band electrons in hydrogen storage material is related to the measured thermoelectric power. Also, a thermodynamic exprssion of equilibrium is applied to demonstrate the relationship between the TEP and the activity of hydrogen for hydrogen adsorption. Magnetization decreases with increasing absorbed hydrogen in the stoichiometric LaNi_4.78Sn_0.22 alloy. However, magnetization increases with increasing hydrogen content in the nonstoichiometric La_0.95Ni_4.6Sn_0.3 alloy. The TEP for the stoichiometric LaNi_4.78Sn_0.22 alloy monotonically increases as a function of hydrogen content. However, the TEP of the nonstoichiometric La_0.95Ni_4.6Sn_0.3 alloy decreases as hydrogen content increases.     

Effect of sintering temperature on structure,magnetic and magnetocaloric properties of La0.6Ca0.4MnO3 manganite

The effect of sintering temperature on the structure, magnetic transition and magnetic entropy of La_0.6Ca_0.4MnO₃ manganite was studied. It was observed that this compound belongs to the orthorhombic structure with the Pnma space group without any impurity phase. The effect of sintering temperature on the Curie temperature (T_C) was studied. The small increment in T_C is found with increasing the sintering temperature. The magnetocaloric study exposes a quite large change of the magnetic entropy, which varies with sintering temperature. For an applied magnetic field of 3 T and sintering temperature of 1300 °C, the relative cooling power (RCP) is 89 J/kg. As a result, the studied compound can be considered as potential material for magnetic refrigeration near and below room temperature.     

(Nd_(0.7)Pr_(0.3))_(60-x)Fe_(30)Al_(10)Cu_x(x=0,1,2,4)大块非晶合金磁性及矫顽力机理

采用铜模吸铸法制备了(Nd0.7Pr0.3)60-x Fe30Al10Cux(x=0,1,2,4)大块非晶合金,利用振动样品磁强计(VSM)研究了该合金的磁性能和磁粘滞行为。结果表明,这几种合金都呈现出较好的硬磁性。随着Cu元素的添加,矫顽力略有增加,但是合金的剩磁却没有变化。利用扫描速率法研究了(Nd0.7Pr0.3)60-x Fe30Al10Cux(x=0,1,2,4)大块非晶合金的磁粘滞行为,得到了这几种合金的相关磁性参数:热扰动场Hf为12.1~15.2 m T,热激活体积va为1.5×10-18~1.9×10-18 cm3。在所研究的合金中都存在明显的铁磁交换耦合作用,同时矫顽力与温度之间的关系符合Gaunt提出的畴壁钉扎模型,合金的硬磁性可能是这两方面共同作用的结果。     

La0.8Sr0.2 Mn1-yFeyO3微波电磁特性与损耗机制

用溶胶凝胶法制备La0.8Sr0.2Mn1-yFeyO3(y=0.10,0.12,0.14,0.16)样品,测试并分析该样品在2~18 GHz微波频率范围的复介电常数、复磁导率、损耗角正切及微波吸收系数与频率的关系,发现y=0.12,0.14时吸波的效果最好。样品厚度为2 mm、y为0.12时,有2个吸收峰,吸收峰值最高达22 dB,10 dB以上吸收频带宽度达6.2 GHz;厚度2.21 mm样品8 dB以上的吸收频宽达8.5 GHz。初步探讨了该材料的电磁损耗机理,电磁特性参数在频率为12.4 GHz位置发生阶跃式变化,在小于12.4 GHz频率范围以介电损耗为主,在大于12.4 GHz频率范围以磁损耗为主,这与Fe对Mn3 —O—Mn4 之间的影响有关。电导率测试表明在室温范围内电导在半导体范围内,有利于降低微波在氧化物表面的反射率。     

热处理对Mg-3Sn-1Mn镁合金组织和性能的影响

通过光学和电子显微镜、XRD分析以及抗拉和蠕变测试,研究热处理对Mg-3Sn-1Mn镁合金组织和性能的影响。结果表明,热处理对Mg-3Sn-1Mn镁合金的组织和性能有明显影响。当在420℃固溶处理后,合金中的大多数Mg2Sn相溶入基体。但在250℃时效处理后,在时效合金的晶界和晶内析出大量细小的Mg2Sn相,从而时效合金的抗拉性能和蠕变性能被明显改善,其强化机理可能与α-Mg基体中Mg2Sn相的弥散析出有关。     

Effects of Ce~(3+) doping on the structure and magnetic properties of Mn-Zn ferrite fibers

Ce3+-doped Mn-Zn ferrite fibers were successfully prepared by the organic gel-thermal decomposition method from metal salts and citric acid. The composition,structure,and magnetic properties of these ferrite fibers were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD),scanning electron microscopy (SEM),and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). The results show that Mn0.2Zn0.8Fe2-xCexO4 (x = 0-0.04) fibers are featured with an average grain size of 11.6-12.7 nm,with diameters ranging between 1.0 to 3.5 μm and a high ...     

Influence of CaF2 on the structure and dielectric properties of Ag（Nb0.8Ta0.2）O3 ceramics

Ag(Nb0.8Ta0.2)O3 ceramics were prepared by the traditional solid-state reaction method. The effect of CaF2 addition on the structure and di-electric properties of Ag(Nb0.8Ta0.2)O3 ceramics was investigated. The addition of CaF2 led the ceramics to a larger grain size and distortion of lattice. With the addition of 4.5 wt.% CaF2, the permittivity of the ceramics increased from 442 to 1028, the dielectric loss decreased sharply from 6.12 × 10-3 to 8.6 × 10-4, and the temperature coefficient of capacitance decreased from 1834 ppm/°C to-50 ppm/°C (at 1 MHz). These results indicated that the high permittivity was related with a large grain size, a low grain boundary density, and the weak Ta-O or Nb-O bond strength caused by the addition of CaF2.     

Fe73.5 Cu1 Nb3 Si13.5 B9机械合金化纳米晶粉末的特种烧结及磁性能

研究了放电等离子烧结和高压烧结工艺条件对MA Fe73.5Cu1Nb3Si13.5B9纳米晶粉末的烧结块体合金的组织结构与磁性能的影响.结果表明:球磨70 h后,获得了单相a-Fe纳米晶(约9.5 rm)过饱和固溶体粉末;DSC升温曲线中,出现4个不同强度的放热峰,依次发生了纳米晶过饱和固溶体的结构弛豫、非晶晶化以及过饱和固溶体相析出等过程,且相析出过程分两个阶段完成;在p=30 MPa,t=5 min放电等离子烧结(SPS)条件下,当温度达到1 050℃后,可获得相对密度为98.9%、主相为α-Fe的纳米晶(100nm)块体合金,其中,B3=1.34 T,Hc=7.34 kA/m,在p=5.5 GPa,t=5 min条件下,当Pw=1 150 W后,可获得相对密度约99.1%、单相α-Fe纳米晶(21.4 nm)块体合金,其中,Bs=1.14 T,Hc=8.22 kA/m.