Ti-6Al-2Zr-1Mo-3Nb合金微弧氧化陶瓷膜的结构与性能

利用微弧氧化技术,在Ti-6Al-2Zr-1Mo-3Nb合金表面制备陶瓷涂层。用扫描电镜和X射线衍射仪观察并分析陶瓷膜层的组织形貌和相结构,用电子万能材料试验机和数字万用表研究膜层的结合强度和绝缘性,并用MMS-1G高温高速销盘摩擦磨损试验机和YWX/Q-750盐雾试验机考察涂层的摩擦性能和耐腐蚀性能。结果表明:陶瓷层主要由金红石TiO2相和锐钛矿TiO2相构成,膜基结合强度达到30MPa以上,膜层绝缘性和耐腐蚀性良好,耐磨性得到明显改善,涂层的磨损机制表现为轻微的磨粒磨损与粘着磨损。     

铝合金微弧氧化过程的特性研究及机理分析

在硅酸钠和氢氧化钾电解液中利用微弧氧化方法,在2024铝合金上制备了陶瓷膜层.测定了膜层的厚度,考察了微弧氧化过程中放电参数及形成陶瓷膜速率的规律,用X射线衍射仪(XRD)观察分析了其成分及组成,对陶瓷膜的摩擦性能进行了研究,推断了在电极上发生的反应,对陶瓷膜的成膜机理进行了分析.结果表明,随着时间的进行,阴阳极电压逐步升高,开始时膜厚增加较快,以后逐渐变慢,膜层厚度随时间变化不是简单的线性关系.陶瓷膜内含有γ-Al2O3和α-Al2O3相,膜层内外两相含量差异较大,主要是由于冷却速率不同的原因.陶瓷层表面经历了一个熔融、凝固和冷却的过程.陶瓷层由内向外可以分为过渡层、致密层和疏松层,陶瓷膜与基体的结合非常牢固,属于冶金结合.溶液内的Si、K元素和基体内的合金元素Cu在陶瓷膜中都有存在,阴极成分Fe也存在于陶瓷膜中,放电通道中在高的能量密度下生成了Si-Al-O三重复杂化合物.     

电流密度对钛合金微弧氧化膜的影响

采用交流微弧氧化法于Na2SiO3、Na3PO4溶液中在Ti6A14V表面形成了氧化物陶瓷膜.研究了电流密度对电压、厚度、相组成、氧化膜与基体的结合力、耐腐蚀性能的影响.结果表明,随着电流密度的增大,氧化膜终止电压升高,氧化膜的厚度逐渐增加.氧化膜主要由锐铁矿和金红石相TiO2组成,随着氧化膜中金红石相TiO2的含量增加,氧化膜与基体的结合力逐渐降低,并趋于持平.氧化膜在30%的硫酸溶液中耐腐蚀性能稍有降低.     

钛合金微弧氧化医用涂层形成机制

利用微弧氧化技术在钛合金表面制备了医用涂层,通过SEM观测不同氧化阶段涂层形貌,并分析各阶段微弧放电特性。研究了两极电化学反应过程,建立了工作液负载等效电路,提出了钛合金微弧氧化生成羟基磷灰石医用陶瓷涂层机制。结果表明,电压会直接决定试样表面的电荷分布,增加表面电荷积累,增强工作液中带电钙、磷粒子的扩散和电泳程度,从而加速涂层物质的瞬间反应。     

Effects of increase extent of voltage on wear and corrosion resistance of micro-arc oxidation coatings on AZ91D alloy

The effects of increase extent of voltage on the wear resistance and corrosion resistance of micro-arc oxidation(MAO) coatings on AZ91D magnesium alloy were investigated in silicate electrolyte.The results show that with increasing extent of voltage, both of the thickness and bonding force of MAO coatings first increase,and then decrease.These parameters are all up to their maximum values when the increase extent of voltage is 20 V.The roughness of the coatings always increases.The coating has the best c...     

Corrosion resistance of micro-arc oxidized ceramic coating on cast hypereutectic alloy

The corrosion resistance of the micro-arc oxidation (MAO) ceramic coating on a cast Al-13Si-5Cu alloy was investigated using various electrochemical methods including electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and polarization curves. Microstructures of MAO ceramic coating were studied by SEM, and the influence of microscopic patterns on corrosion resistance was analyzed. The corrosion resistance of the aluminum alloy can be improved significantly by MAO process owing to increasing impedance and corrosion potential and decreasing corrosion current, and the ceramic coatings are composed of loose layer, compact layer and transition layer, which improve the corrosion resistance. The corrosin resistance is determined by the thickness of the compact layer and is not proportional to the total thickness of MAO, though the latter is one of the important factors influencing the corrosin resistance.     

交流脉冲参数对TC4钛合金微弧氧化陶瓷膜的影响

为了研究交流脉冲占空比和频率对微弧氧化膜的影响.采用恒电流方式对TC4钛合金进行微弧氧化,用扫描电镜和X衍射仪分析膜层的表面形貌及相结构.结果表明:随占空比的增大,微弧氧化膜层的生长速率增大,金红石相TiO2相对含量增加;随频率的增大,微弧氧化膜层的生长速率减小,表面趋于平整,锐钛矿相和金红石相TiO2相对含量与处理频率无关.     

TC4钛合金微弧氧化膜层高温氧化性能研究

利用微弧氧化(MAO)技术在TC4钛合金表面原位制备陶瓷膜层,并通过硅酸钠水溶液对膜层进行了封孔处理。采用X射线衍射仪(XRD)分析了膜层相组成,通过扫描电子显微镜(SEM)观察了膜层表面形貌。通过粘结拉伸测试,比较了膜层在封孔前后与基体的结合强度。利用高温氧化实验,考察了TC4基体及膜层试样封孔前后的抗高温氧化性能。结果表明:微弧氧化膜层与基体间的结合强度较高,经封孔处理及高温氧化100 h后,膜基结合强度降低至4.29 MPa。与TC4基体相比,微弧氧化膜层的高温氧化增重量小,抗高温氧化性能得到了显著的提高。封孔处理提高了微弧氧化膜层的致密性,使其能更好地阻止氧透过膜层向基体内侵入,进一步提高了膜层的抗高温氧化性能。     

Effects of additives on corrosion and wear resistance of micro-arc oxidation coatings on TiAl alloy

Ceramic coating was deposited on TiAl alloy substrate by micro-arc oxidation(MAO)in a silicate-aluminate electrolyte solution with additives including sodium citrate,graphite and sodium tungstate.The microstructures and compositions were analyzed by SEM,EDX and XRD.The corrosion and wear properties of the coatings were investigated by potentiodynamic polarization and ball-on-disc wear test,respectively.The results show that the MAO coatings consist of WO3,Ti2O3,graphite and Al2O3 besides Al2TiO5 and Al2SiO5.With additives in the electrolyte,the working voltage at the micro-arc discharge stage decreases,and the ceramic coating gets smoother and more compact.The corrosion current density of MAO coating is much lower than that of TiAl substrate.It can be reduced from 9.81×10-8A/cm 2to 3.02×10-10A/cm 2 .The MAO coatings composed of hard Al2O3,WO3 and Ti2O3 obviously improve the wear resistance of TiAl alloy.The wear rate is-3.27×10-7g/(N·m).     

石墨烯纳米片对D16T铝合金微弧氧化膜层结构与性能的影响

目的研究石墨烯纳米片对D16T铝合金耐磨耐蚀性的影响,为铝合金表面微弧氧化处理技术在油气领域的应用提供理论依据。方法利用微弧氧化技术在含与不含石墨烯的电解液中在D16T铝合金表面制备微弧氧化膜层,采用XRD、SEM、EDS分析了膜层相结构和表面形貌,测试了膜层的粗糙度和显微硬度,通过摩擦磨损和电化学实验研究了石墨烯纳米片对D16T铝合金微弧氧化膜耐磨性和耐蚀性的影响。结果微弧氧化膜层主要由α-Al2O3和γ-Al2O3相组成,石墨烯的添加使Al2O3相的衍射峰值和衍射峰的数量增加,Al衍射峰明显降低;膜层表面平整,表面熔融颗粒较少,表面有大块团聚物堆积。膜层由外部疏松层和内部致密层组成,疏松层微孔数量和微裂纹较少,膜层厚度稍有增加,致密层厚度由不含石墨烯时的0.6μm增至1.6μm。含石墨烯的膜层容抗弧半径明显增加,Bode图中低频阻抗值由5×10^5Ω·cm^2提升至106Ω·cm^2,疏松层电阻由1.57×10^5Ω·cm^2增至1.98×10^5Ω·cm^2,致密层电阻由3.07×10^5Ω·cm^2提升至1.24×106Ω·cm^2;膜层自腐蚀电位由-0.53 V提高至-0.41 V,自腐蚀电流密度由3.15×10^-7 A/cm^2降低至3.97×10^-8 A/cm^2;膜层质量磨损量明显降低,摩擦系数减小,耐磨性增加。结论石墨烯纳米片通过放电通道进入膜层填充膜层中的孔和裂纹,部分石墨烯形成团状覆于膜层表面,使膜层更加平整、致密,膜厚增加,膜层耐磨性和耐蚀性得到明显提升。     

Ti-6Al-4V微弧氧化陶瓷膜微观结构与组成研究

在NaAlO2，Na3PO4混合电解液中，利用微弧氧化（MAO）技术在Ti-6Al-4V合金表面制备了氧化物陶瓷膜。用扫描电镜（SEM），能量散射谱仪（EDS），X射线光电子能谱仪（XPS）对氧化物陶瓷膜的微观结构与组成进行了分析。结果表明：微弧氧化陶瓷膜表面和界面均呈现多孔结构，表面孔径大小差别较大，界面孔径大小差别较小，氧化膜界面处较规则地平行排列着一些长丘陵状突起；氧化膜疏松层与致密层无明显界限，氧化膜与基底以犬牙交错状结合。EDS分析结果表明，氧化膜表面、界面均由Ti，Al，P，V元素组成，Al元素易在表面富集，P元素易在界面富集。XPS分析结果表明，氧化膜表面、界面存在TiO2，Al2O3，TiAl2O5等相，P元素均以PO4^3-形式存在；氧化膜界面处存在V2O5相，而表面并不存在V元素。     

铝合金微弧氧化的研究进展

综述了微弧氧化技术的发展历程、成膜机理,论述了铝合金微弧氧化的特点。基于铝合金微弧氧化工艺研究现状,详细阐述了氧化时间、占空比、电压、电流密度、电解液浓度、基体粗糙度、纳米颗粒添加剂以及复合工艺等对铝合金微弧氧化膜层的组织与性能的影响。如电流密度会影响涂层的生长机理,使膜层的表面结构和内部缺陷产生较大的差异;采用不同的电解液所得到的膜层的厚度和粗糙度有明显的区别;在不同的电压参数下膜层的均匀性及膜层中微孔的尺寸大不相同;制备微弧氧化复合涂层以及采用纳米增强颗粒可使膜层的结构和性能有大幅提升。通过改变以上影响因素对铝合金微弧氧化膜层组织和结构加以调控,从而实现了对膜层性能的优化,如膜层的硬度、耐磨性、耐腐蚀性、抗疲劳性能的提高。最后对铝合金微弧氧化的发展方向提出了展望。     

镁合金微弧氧化及后续涂装耐蚀性电化学分析

采用IM6e型电化学工作站,对MB8镁合金微弧氧化及封孔涂装后试样进行电化学I/E极化曲线和Tafel斜率分析.结果表明:各种封孔工艺都能不同程度地提高微弧氧化陶瓷层的耐蚀性,其中电泳涂装降低腐蚀电流1个数量级,是良好的封孔工艺:采用水煮+有机树脂多种封孔工艺综合处理降低陶瓷层腐蚀电流2个数量级,耐蚀性最好.     

终止电压对MB8镁合金微弧氧化膜耐蚀性的影响

采用SEM、XRD、动电位极化曲线及电化学阻抗等测试方法,研究了MB8镁合金微弧氧化过程中不同终止电压下获得的陶瓷膜层的耐蚀性能.结果表明:终止电压越高,膜层越厚;微火花阶段,膜层表面均匀、结晶细致,腐蚀电流密度较小,阻抗较大;弧放电阶段,膜层孔径变大,陶瓷层内显微缺陷增多,腐蚀电流密度增大,阻抗减小.由此得出结论:膜层耐蚀性能由膜层厚度与终止电压共同决定,微火花放电末期膜层的耐蚀性能优于弧放电阶段的耐蚀性能.     

K2ZrF6对镁合金微弧氧化膜抗点燃性能的影响

目的 降低镁合金在高温环境下起火燃烧的风险,同时探索微弧氧化膜是否具有抗点燃的热防护功能.方法 采用添加不同含量K2ZrF6的碱性硅酸盐电解液体系,在AZ91D镁合金表面制备微弧氧化膜,研究不同浓度K2ZrF6对微弧氧化膜抗点燃性能的影响.采用扫描电镜观察燃烧前微弧氧化膜的微观结构变化,结合XRD分析涂层的相组成,并借助抗点燃性能测试装置,考察微弧氧化膜的起燃时间.结果 添加K2ZrF6制备的微弧氧化膜主要由MgO、Mg2SiO4、MgF2和ZrO2组成.随着K2ZrF6含量的增加,膜层中大尺寸缺陷减少,致密性和厚度显著提高,表面粗糙度先增加、后降低.添加0～10 g/L K2ZrF6的微弧氧化膜的致密性较差,这类微弧氧化层在火焰的作用下,会形成大量的烧蚀孔洞和纵向扩展裂纹;添加15、20 g/L K2ZrF6的微弧氧化膜,具有更为致密的内层,这类微弧氧化膜直到基体完全熔化变形,才会出现横向扩展裂纹,导致涂层失效.AZ91D镁合金经过含15 g/L K2ZrF6的电解液微弧氧化处理后,起燃时间最长,抗点燃性最好.结论 K2ZrF6浓度对微弧氧化膜抗点燃性的影响主要体现在对其致密性的影响上,内层的致密结构能够减少在高温火焰作用下形成的烧蚀孔洞,以及延缓裂纹的产生,从而阻碍熔融的液态镁和镁蒸气向外扩散,减缓氧化反应的程度,提高涂层的抗点燃性.     

Preparation and structure of microarc oxidation ceramic coatings containing ZrO2 grown on LY12 Al alloy

Ceramic coatings containing ZrO2 were prepared in situ on LY12 aluminum alloy by microarc oxidation（MAO） in the mixed solution of zirconate and phosphate solution.The phase composition and morphology of the coatings were studied by XRD and SEM,respectively.The growing mechanism of ceramic coatings was discussed in a preliminary manner.The results show that with an increase in MAO time,the compactness of the coating improved and the thickness increased.From the inner layer to the coating surface,the content of Zr increased,while the content of Al decreased.In addition,the coating was composed of m-ZrO2,t-ZrO2,and a little amount of γ-Al2O3.With an increase in reaction time,the relative content of t-ZrO2 within the coating sharply decreased while the relative content of m-ZrO2 sharply increased,and then both generally kept at a constant level after 60 min.     

Statistical Process Control

Abstract

In order to improve the corrosion resistance provided by a micro-arc oxidation (MAO) coating on AZ31 magnesium alloy, a polypropylene film was prepared on its surface. Scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray analysis and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy were used to characterise the surfaces of the coatings. The corrosion protective performance of the coatings was evaluated by potentiodynamic polarisation curves, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and immersion testing. The results show that the microdefects of the MAO coating can be filled by PP and the corrosion resistance of the AZ31 magnesium alloy is improved greatly.     

加压幅度对AZ91D镁合金微弧氧化膜的影响

研究了硅酸盐体系中加压幅度对AZ91D镁合金微弧氧化膜层结构及耐磨、耐蚀性能的影响.结果表明:随着加压幅度的增大,微弧氧化膜层的厚度、孔隙度和结合力都呈先增大后减小的趋势,且都在加压幅度为20 V时出现了最大值;粗糙度随着加压幅度的增大而增大.当加压幅度不小于25 V时微弧氧化膜层耐蚀能力强.     

Friction characteristic of micro-arc oxidative Al2O3 coatings sliding against Si3N4 balls in various environments

The alumina ceramic coatings were prepared on 2024Al alloy by micro-arc oxidation (MAO) technique. The phase structure of the MAO Al₂O₃ coating was determined using X-ray diffraction. The thickness and micro-hardness of the MAO Al₂O₃ coatings was measured using eddy current thickness equipment and micro-hardness tester. The friction property of MAO Al₂O₃ coatings sliding against Si₃N₄ ceramic balls were investigated in air, water and oil by a ball-on-disk tribo-meter, and the worn surfaces of the MAO Al₂O₃ coatings were observed using scanning electron microscope (SEM). The results showed that the MAO Al₂O₃ coatings mainly contained -Al₂O₃ and γ-Al₂O₃ phase. The micro-hardness of the polished MAO coatings was HV1740 ± 87. With an increase in normal load and sliding speed, the friction coefficient in air increased from 0.74 to 0.87, while decreased from 0.72 to 0.57 in water and 0.24 to 0.11 in oil. This indicates that the fluid lubrication could improve the friction behavior of the MAO Al₂O₃ coatings. The worn surfaces' observation indicated that the wear mechanism of the MAO Al₂O₃ coatings changed from abrasive wear in air to mix wear in water, and became microploughing wear in oil.     

AZ91D压铸镁合金激光局部重熔区气孔的形成机制

采用扫描电镜(SEM)、X光电子能谱分析仪(XPS)等分析手段,研究了NiTi合金表面绝缘膜的结构及成分,从而探讨非阀金属NiTi合金表面微弧氧化陶瓷膜层的形成机制.结果表明,NiTi合金微弧氧化过程中的电流密度-时间曲线与纯钛形状基本一致,也可分为3个阶段,但其最大的电流密度为后者的13倍;NiTi合金表面的绝缘膜主要是通过电化学沉积形成的Al2O3及少量的TiO2、Ni2O3和磷酸盐薄膜,这一绝缘膜就相当于阀金属的阳极氧化膜,为NiTi合金进行微弧氧化处理提供了前提条件;NiTi合金表面的陶瓷膜层主要来源于电解液中的铝酸根离子和少量的基体Ni和Ti(包括固态的和溶解于电解液中离子态的),经反复的放电、熔融、喷射、冷却、凝固,发生一系列的电化学、等离子体化学和热化学反应最终形成表面粗糙多孔陶瓷膜层.