非晶合金Mg_(65)Y_(10)Cu_(25)在3.5%NaCl溶液中的腐蚀行为

利用电化学极化曲线方法、交流阻抗 (EIS)技术和扫描电子显微镜 (SEM )研究了Mg65Y10 Cu2 5非晶及相应的晶化合金在 3 5 %NaCl溶液中的腐蚀行为。极化曲线测试结果表明 ,非晶合金Mg65Y10 Cu2 5在NaCl溶液中为活性溶解 ,腐蚀反应由阴极反应和阳极反应共同控制。EIS测试表明 ,随着浸泡时间延长 ,非晶合金耐蚀性下降 ,EIS由 3个时间常数变为 2个时间常数。SEM测试表明 ,非晶合金经过 2 4h浸泡后 ,表面发生了极为不均匀的腐蚀 ;EDAX能谱表明 ,非晶合金经过浸泡后 ,表面成分发生了较大变化 ,含镁量减少 ,表面出现了浓度分布不均匀的氧元素。晶化后Mg65Y10 Cu2 5合金的耐蚀性略有提高。探讨了非晶合金在 3 5 %NaCl溶液中的腐蚀机理     

块状非晶合金CU-Zr-Ti-Sn在3.5%NaCl溶液中的腐蚀行为

利用电化学极化曲线方法和电化学阻抗谱(EIS)技术研究了Cu60Zr30Ti10和(Cu60Zr30Ti10)99Sn1块状非晶合金及其晶化后在3．5％NaCl溶液中的腐蚀行为．极化曲线测试结果表明，(Cu60Zr30Ti10)99Sn1非晶合金在3．5％NaCl溶液中的阳极极化衄线有一定的钝化倾向，且其阳极电流密度较Cu60Zr30Ti10非晶合金的阳极电流密度有所降低；同时EIS结果显示，其电化学反应电阻Rt较Cu60Zr30Ti10的Rt值有所增大，说明添加1％Sn使非晶合金Cu60Zr30Ti10的耐蚀性能有所改善．相应成分晶化后的合金与非晶合金的极化曲线相比较，阳极极化表现出较大的钝化倾向，且阳极电流密度略有降低．晶化后合金的EIS测试显示有两个时间常数，即由高频容抗弧和低频容抗弧构成．晶化后合金与其非晶合金相比较，电化学反应电阻见明显增大，表明晶化后合金的耐蚀性能有所提高。     

非晶合金Zr55Al10Cu30Ni5在3.5%NaCl溶液中的电化学行为

利用电化学极化曲线方法和电化学阻抗（EIS）技术研究了非晶合金Zr55Al10Cu30Ni5在3.5%NaCl溶液中的电化学行为。极化曲线测试结果表明，非晶合金Zr55Al10Cu30Ni5在3.5%NaCl溶液中具有很好的耐蚀性能，阳极过程表现出钝化特征，当极化电位很高时，非晶合金出现了点腐蚀。电化学交流阻抗测试表明，在阴极极化，开路电位和钝化电位下，非晶合金的Nyquist图由单容抗构成，具有很高的电荷转移电阻，表现出优良的耐蚀性，在点蚀电位附近和点蚀电位区EIS分别有两个时间常数和三个时间常数，非晶合金在3.5%NaCl溶液中浸泡12h后，耐蚀性能有所下降。     

Mg65Cu25Gd10非晶合金的腐蚀行为

采用电化学方法研究了块体Mg65Cu25Gd10非晶合金在0.01 mol/L,pH=13的NaCl溶液及0.1 mol/L,pH=13的NaOH溶液中的腐蚀行为.在2种电解质溶液中,非晶合金样品的极化曲线具有明显的钝化区和较低的钝化电流密度.浸蚀样品的表面形貌和腐蚀产物采用SEM和EDS来表征.恒电位钝化后样品表面层化学信息运用DP-XPS来考察.结果表明,样品在NaOH溶液中形成致密少孔的钝化膜,而在含Cl离子的溶液中,样品表面钝化膜疏松且多孔,导致合金在含Cl离子的溶液中具有较低的耐蚀性.     

Zr55Al10Cu30Ni5非晶合金在NaOH溶液中的腐蚀行为

利用极化曲线方法、电化学阻抗技术和扫描电子显微镜研究了非晶合金Zr55Al10Cu30Ni5在NaOH溶液中的腐蚀行为。极化曲线测试表明，非晶合金Zr55Al10Cu30Ni5在NaOH溶液中具有很好的耐蚀性能，阴极过程由电化学反应所控制，而阳极过程表现出钝化特征，在所研究的浓度范围内，钝化电流密度非常低，为1μA／cm^2～2μA／cm^2。电化学阻抗测试表明，电荷转移电阻随浓度的增大而增大，而后又有所降低。在阴极极化、开路电位和钝化电位下，非晶合金的Nyquist图由单容抗弧构成，具有很高的电荷转移电阻，表现出优良的耐蚀性。SEM和EDAX表明非晶合金在NaOH溶液中腐蚀轻微，各合金元素的溶解程度不同，腐蚀后表面出现了少量的氧元素。     

Nd对Mg65Cu22Ni3Y10非晶形成能力及热稳定性的影响

利用楔形铜模铸造法成功制备了Mg65Cu22Ni3Y10-xNdx(x=0、2、4、5、6、8)块体非晶合金,采用XRD、DSC研究了Nd对该合金体系热稳定性和非晶形成能力(GFA)的影响。结果表明,当x=2、4时,Nd的添加可有效提高该合金的GFA和热稳定性;当Nd含量为2%(摩尔分数)时,合金具有最高的过冷液相区(ΔTx=61.5K)及最好的热稳定性;当x=5时,尽管过冷液相区(ΔTx=48.5K)最窄,但此时合金具有最强的非晶形成能力(Trg=Tg/Tl=0.568)和临界厚度(δmax=3.8mm);随着Nd的进一步增加(x>5),合金的玻璃形成能力降低。     

铁基非晶合金涂层在氯化钠溶液中的腐蚀行为研究

利用新型超音速火焰喷涂(AC-HVAF)技术,在304不锈钢基体上制备了Fe49.7Cr18Mn1.9Mo7.4W1.6B15.2C3.8Si2.4Fe非晶合金涂层。利用X射线衍射仪、场发射环境扫描电镜、显微维氏硬度仪、动态极化曲线、电化学阻抗谱研究了非晶合金涂层的结构、硬度、耐腐蚀性能以及电极反应动力学过程。通过与304不锈钢的对比,研究了Fe基非晶合金在中性介质下的腐蚀行为。结果表明,该Fe基非晶合金涂层具有较高的非晶含量,较均匀的组织,较高的硬度和在氯化钠溶液中较高的耐腐蚀性能。     

高压下Mg65Cu25Y10合金凝固过程中Cu2(Y,Mg)纳米相的形成及其热稳定性

采用X射线衍射、差热分析及透射电镜研究了Mg65Cu25Y10合金熔体在大气压下和高压(2—5GPa)下熔淬时的组织结构．实验结果表明，压力对Mg65Cu25Y10合金凝固时形成的相结构有影响．高压下有利于生成纳米级Cu2(Y，Mg)相．Cu2(Y，Mg)为一亚稳相，高温退火后转变为稳定的Mg2(Cu，Y)相．讨论了压力对晶粒度影响的机制。     

锰铜合金腐蚀裂缝在3.5%NaCl中的电化学行为

<正> 锰铜系高阻尼合金在铸态下具有优良的机械性能与阻尼性能,是一种新的舰艇螺旋浆材料。该合金的主要成份是:35～36%Cu,4～4.5%Al,2.5～3.5%Fe,1～2%Ni,余量 Mn,实艇试验表明,采用这种合金对降低螺旋浆的振动和噪声有明显的效果。但是,锰铜合金在海水介质中有 SCC 敏感性。实验室试验得出,该合金在3.5%NaCl 中的 K_(?)cc 约等于26kgf/mm~3 /2。现场试验也发现,经焊补的锰铜合金螺旋浆很快在焊缝周围出现开裂。本工作沿用前人的方法,采用闭塞电池模拟腐蚀裂缝,初步探讨了锰铜合金在海水介质中发生 SCC 的原因及可能防止的方法。     

Cu-Cr合金在3.5%NaCl+NH3溶液中的腐蚀行为

通过金相、X射线衍射及扫描电镜(SEM／EDX)，结合电化学测试手段，研究了Cu-Cr合金在3．5％NaCl NH3溶液中的腐蚀行为，并探讨了NH3浓度对其腐蚀性能的影响。结果表明：Cu-Cr合金中铜相较铬相易腐蚀，其腐蚀速率随NH3浓度的增加而增大。     

Mg65Cu25Y10非晶态合金的形成及其晶化行为

采用水淬法制备出厚度为2mm的片状Mg65Cu25Y10非晶态合金,衡量其非晶成形能力的参数过冷液态区域宽度△Tx（△Tx=58.3K）、约化玻璃转变温度Trg（Trg=0.56）均较高,表明此合金具有很强的非晶形成能力;并测出了它的硬度为263.2HV.通过恒速升温和等温晶化试验,采用差热分析、X射线衍射等研究了它的热行为,结果表明,此合金在433K以下还是稳定的,如进一步升高温度,材料将由非晶态结构逐步向晶态结构转变,当退火温度达到623K时,则完全转变为晶态结构.     

Corrosion and electrochemical behavior of Mg–Y alloys in 3.5% NaCl solution

The corrosion mechanism of Mg–Y alloys in 3.5% NaCl solution was investigated by electrochemical testing and SEM observation. The electrochemical results indicated that the corrosion potential of Mg–Y alloys in 3.5% NaCl solution increased with the increase of Y addition. The corrosion rate increased with the increase of Y addition because of the increase of Mg₂₄Y₅ intermetallic amounts. The corrosion gradually deteriorated with the increase of immersion time. The corrosion morphologies of the alloys were general corrosion for Mg–0.25Y and pitting corrosion for Mg–8Y and Mg–15Y, respectively. The main solid corrosion products were Mg(OH)₂ and Mg₂(OH)₃C1.4H₂O.     

Corrosion wear behavior of Al-bronzes in 3.5% NaCl solution

The corrosion wear behaviors of two aluminum bronzes, Cu-14Al-X and QAl9-4, in 3.5% NaCl solution were investigated on a pin-on-block reciprocating tester. It was found that the wear loss of the bronzes in 3.5% NaCl solution was lower than that in water and in air, i.e., it exhibited “negative” synergy between corrosion and wear. To understand the corrosion wear mechanism of the bronzes, the corrosion rate and polarization curves of Cu-14Al-X and QAl9-4 in 3.5% NaCl solution were determined. The worn surfaces of the specimens were examined, and the wear tracks were measured using scanning electron microscopy. The corrosion patinas formed on the specimen surfaces were studied with x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and electron probe microanalysis. The corrosive solution was shown to play an important role in cooling of the specimen surfaces during the wear, thus preventing the specimen’s surface hardness from being reducing, induced by frictional heat during the sliding wear. On the other hand, the bronzes suffered from dealloying corrosion; a noble copper subsurface and patina formed on the specimen surface in the corrosive solution, which had a passive function for further corrosion. The noble copper subsurface experienced strain hardening during the corrosion wear, resulting in an increase of the surface hardness and thus an increase in wear resistance.     

Micro and sub-micro morphology of Mg65Cu25Y10 bulk amorphous alloy containing primary crystalline phases

Acoustic-frequency induction melting together with rapid quenching was used to prepare Mg65Cu25Y10 bulk amorphous alloy containing primary crystalline phases. Transmission electron microscopy （TEM）, X-ray diffractometry （XRD）, environmental scanning electron microscopy （ESEM） and atomic force microscopy （AFM） were used to study the amorphization and morphology of the prepared alloy. Under micro condition, the sample alloy is composed of amorphous structure with cauliflorate shape, primary CuMg2 dendrite phase, mixed primary CuMg2 and Cu2Y crystalline phases, as well as Mg phase with small size. Further study under sub-micro condition shows that, the planar amorphous structure of cauliflorate shape is composed of the three-dimensional sub-micro morphology of ＂bulge-concavity＂ pattern, which extends into the space in terms of certain period. It is estimated that the major factors influencing the micro and sub-micro morphologies of amorphous alloy are its super-cooling liquid structure, rapid quenching transformation, as well as the melting conditions.     

Corrosion behavior of Mg-Al-Pb and Mg-Al-Pb-Zn-Mn alloys in 3.5% NaCl solution

Mg-6%Al-5%Pb and Mg-6%Al-5%Pb-0.55%Zn-0.22%Mn(mass fraction) alloys were prepared by induction melting with the protection of argon.The corrosion behaviors of these alloys were studied by electrochemical measurements and immersion tests.The results show that at the corrosion onset of Mg-Al-Pb anode there is an incubation period that can be shortened with 0.55%Zn and 0.22%Mn additions in the magnesium matrix.The corrosion rate of Mg-Al-Pb anode is mainly determined by the incubation period.Short incubation period always leads to high corrosion rate while long incubation period leads to low corrosion rate.The corrosion rates based on the corrosion current density by the electrochemical measurements do not agree with the measurements evaluated from the evolved hydrogen volume.     

Corrosion of ultra-high-purity Mg in 3.5% NaCl solution saturated with Mg(OH)2

Corrosion was evaluated for ultra-high-purity magnesium (Mg) immersed in 3.5% NaCl solution saturated with Mg(OH)₂. The intrinsic corrosion rate measured with weight loss, P_W = 0.25 ± 0.07 mm y⁻¹, was slightly smaller than that for high-purity Mg. Some specimens had somewhat higher corrosion rates attributed to localised corrosion. The average corrosion rate measured from hydrogen evolution, P_AH, was lower than that measured with weight loss, P_W, attributed to dissolution of some hydrogen in the Mg specimen. The amount of dissolution under electrochemical control was a small amount of the total dissolution. A new hydride dissolution mechanism is suggested.     

Corrosion behavior of electroless Ni-P alloy coatings containing tungsten or nano-scattered alumina composite in 3.5% NaCl solution

The corrosion protection performance of electroless deposited nickel-phosphorus (Ni-P) alloy coatings containing tungsten (Ni-P-W) or nano-scattered alumina (Ni-P-Al₂O₃) composite coatings on low carbon steel was studied. The effect of heat treatment on the coating performance was also studied. The optimum conditions under which such coatings can provide good corrosion protection to the substrate were determined after two weeks of immersion in 3.5% NaCl solution. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and polarization measurements have been used to evaluate the coating performance before and after heat treatment. The Ni-P-W coatings showed the highest surface resistance compared with Ni-P-Al₂O₃ and Ni-P. The surface resistance of Ni-P-W coatings was 12.0 × 10⁴ Ω cm² which is about the double of the resistance showed by Ni-P-Al₂O₃ (7.00 × 10⁴ Ω cm²) and twenty times greater than the surface resistance of Ni-P (0.78 × 10⁴ Ω cm²). XRD analysis of non-heat-treated samples revealed formation of a protective tungsten phosphide phase. Heat treatment has an adverse effect on the corrosion protection performance of tungsten and alumina composite coatings. The surface resistance decreased sharply after heat treatment.     

Crystallization kinetics of amorphous Zr65Cu25Al10 alloy

1　ＩＮＴＲＯＤＵＣＴＩＯＮＴｈｅｄｅｖｅｌｏｐｍｅｎｔｏｆｇｌａｓｓｆｏｒｍｉｎｇ ｍｕｌｔｉｃｏｍｐｏ ｎｅｎｔａｌｌｏｙｓｙｓｔｅｍｓｗｉｔｈｖｅｒｙｌｏｗｃｒｉｔｉｃａｌｃｏｏｌｉｎｇｒａｔｅｓｗｉｔｈｉｎ 1～ 10 0Ｋ/ｓｈａｓｏｆｆｅｒｅｄｆｉｒｓｔ     

Corrosion damage in frozen 3.5 wt.% NaCl solution

Zn and frozen 3.5 wt.% NaCl solution were used to simulate galvanized steel structures exposed to the seawater in the Polar Regions. The conductivity of the frozen salt solution and the corrosion of the Zn were characterized by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, galvanic current measurement, and surface analyses. The results indicated that the completely frozen 3.5 wt.% NaCl solution was still conductive and corrosive, and the galvanic effect between different metals could not be ignored. The corrosion damage risk of metallic structures, particularly in the joint regions, can be high under freezing marine conditions in the Polar Regions.