医院建筑设计探索——由海军总医院门诊楼设计谈起

医院是一种专业技术含量大,技能复杂的建筑类型,做好医院设计的关键是以发展的眼光把握总体规划、单体建筑的功能设计有机、合理、医院环境设计满足心理、生理需求,提高医院管理水平,加强设计人员专业化程度。     

西雅图奥林匹克雕塑公园

随着越来越多被废弃的城市滨水地区的恢复和再生,建筑师、规划师和工程师均面临着最基本的挑战:如何使这些曾被污染的土地具有新的用途,既能服务广大的城市居民,又能把城市纳入一个绿色的生态系统中.     

Geotechnical investigation of the Naval dry dock at the Mietsu Naval Facility World Heritage Site,Japan

The Mietsu Naval Facility was established as a Western-style military facility by the Saga Clan in 1858. A geotechnical investigation of the Mietsu Naval Dock (MND) at the Mietsu Naval Facility World Heritage Site was performed using portable cone penetration tests, unconfined compression tests with suction measurement, and standard oedometer tests. The pile length of the wooden frame structure was determined using pulse waves. The slope of the western wall consists of four layers, and straw soil bags were arranged for slope stabilization. The slope of the western wall during construction and under use was analyzed based on total and effective stresses, respectively, and was found to be stable. The wooden structure of the eastern wall consists of four stages and has a complex structure of pine wood with intact bark. The second and third-stage piles have anchorage structures with several horizontal elements linked to the first and second-stage piles. The number of the piles in the third-stage indicates that it plays a central structural role. Even though ship were repaired at the bottom of the dock, there is no evidence of ground improvement to prevent damage from ship loads. Because the amount of decrease in effective overburden pressure corresponded to the amount of excavated soil with the load of the Denryu-maru, which was repaired in this dry dock, it is possible that ground improvement for entry and repair of the ship was not needed. The results of this study are useful for the maintenance, management, and restoration of the MND remains.     

白令家族哺乳类动物馆

在世界上最多人参观的博物馆之中,位于美国华盛顿的史密森尼国立自然历史博物馆( Smithsonian Instotitopm National Museum of Natu ral History)里的白令家族哺乳类动物馆,是个极为特别的展馆.     

乔治·华盛顿

<正>In 1775,when the American War of Independence began,George Washington was chosen to lead the American army.Washington knew his job would be difficult.The army was small.The soldiers were untrained and had few guns.The British army was large and strong.Its soldiers were very well trained.1775年,美国独立战争刚刚开始,乔治·华盛顿被当选为美国军队的领袖。华盛顿知道任务相当艰巨。军队规模小,士兵未接受专门训练,枪支稀少。英国军队规模庞大,实力强大,还拥有训练有素的士兵。     

Retrofitting suburbia. Open space in Bellevue, Washington, USA

This paper traces the maturation of Bellevue's urban pattern with particular attention to open spaces and stormwater drainage. Several significant events set the current course and led to a new interpretation of the city—country continuum. The seemingly conventional suburban values of this community led the citizens to oppose dispersed commercial development and re-focus the community's development energies on the downtown. More recently, re-zoning of the downtown area, development incentives and design guidelines have been leading to a re-invention of downtown following urban village models. The community resisted burdening itself with the exorbitant costs of engineered drainage systems and gambled on a surface drainage system. In 1974 Bellevue adopted a surface drainage system originally out of financial imperative, placing it at the forefront of innovative stormwater management. Working cooperatively, stormwater engineers and parks planners are weaving a complex web of public open space that integrates the utilitarian public corridors of the city with older patches of park land. The maturing of Bellevue represents a new constellation of values and evolving settlement patterns for the old suburbs.     

温州医学院附属医院

欧博迈亚公司成功地参与了竞标,并在修改了设计方案之后获得了温州市医院的规划设计合同,合作伙伴是SHCCAC。这家医院的病床总数为3000张,预计能够满足温州市及其周边地区的不断增长的医疗需求。除门诊部分之外,沿着主干道还建设了办公中心、运营中心及急诊中心等医疗设施。     

柏林-施潘道医院

柏林-施潘道医院的设计理念源于它在城市中的位置、功能的要求和帮助医院为病人提供愉快的逗留空间,医院的建筑设计保持了对于历史性城市设计的尊重。根据这一理念。建于1881年的驻军医院建筑和1895年的市立医院建筑沿着环绕医院综合体的街道排列,而医院内部没有任何建筑,景观设计因此得以不断拓展。     

伊斯坦布Umraniye医院

欧博迈亚公司与欧普蒂姆A．S．子公司一起在安卡拉的竞标中获得了该项目的设计权。位于道路尽端的医院西区是门诊部。位于医院南部的功能区包括了传统的学科领域，一个手术中心和一个急救中心。北部则是住院区、X光照射区、物理治疗区和血液分析区，在这个区域有400个床位。     

Lake restoration by dilution: Moses lake, Washington

Dilution water, low in macronutrients, was added to Moses Lake on three occasions in 1977 and once in 1978 during the spring-summer period. The addition resulted in reducing the annual average inflow concentration of phosphorus from about 130–140 μg l⁻¹ to 100 μg l⁻¹. The water exchange rate in Parker Horn, which is 8% of the lake volume, increased from about 1% day⁻¹ normally to 7 and 11% day⁻¹ for the May–September period in 1977 and 1978, respectively. Lake water was displaced at a predictable rate in the whole lake as well as the areas proximal to the input, as verified by specific conductance.Improvements in lake quality, compared to values from 1969–70, were rather good with greater reductions in algal biomass occurring than might have been expected to result from the less impressive reductions in total P content. Chlorophyll a decreased by about 60–80% and total P decreased by about 50–60%, depending on the area of the lake. However, Chl a averaged only 15 μg l⁻¹ during May–September 1978, while total P was rather high at 70–80 μg l⁻¹. The fraction of the phytoplankton composed by blue-green algae decreased from 96% in 1970 to 68% in 1977–78. The cause for the effect on biomass and species composition is unknown, but may be related to dilution of blue-green excretory products.A dilution water input of about 6 m³ s⁻¹ continuously during April–September would require 20% less total water and should provide adequate control of eutrophication in at least 30% of the lake volume proximal to the input and Parker Horn. That would provide an exchange rate of 5% day⁻¹ for Parker Horn and should achieve lake water residuals by midsummer of 50%. Two additional inputs to the lake are also proposed as two more phases in the restoration project.     

华盛顿国家大教堂

1995年．Michael Vergason景观设计有限公司与建筑师Torti Gallas和些合作伙伴最先参与到国家大教堂周边环境的总体规划中。该规划蓝图兼顾了场地附近4所学校的需求以及大教堂自身对于游客和朝拜者的重要性。该设计基于1910年和1924年奥姆斯特德兄弟的总体规划,并做了细致的改良。     

Lead,iron, chromium and zinc in road runoff at Pullman,Washington

The inputs of iron, lead, chromium and zinc to a 0.6 acre road surface were investigated. The selection of a viaduct in Pullman, Washington as a study area permitted the exclusion of metal input from non-road surfaces. Dust and precipitation metal deposition rates were measured at the viaduct as well as at a control location. It was found that the primary source of metals at the road surface was the operation of motor vehicles. For three separate storm events, runoff samples were collected, flow was measured and runoff samples were analyzed for total solids, total metals and dissolved-colloidal metals. Less than 5 percent of each metal in the runoff samples existed in the dissolved-colloidal fraction. Mean concentrations of total metals in road runoff were 1.86, 89, 0.139 and 19.1 mg/l for Pb, Fe, Cr, and Zn, respectively. A mathematical model was developed allowing the estimation of metal loadings for a storm event typical of the area, given the total runoff volume for the particular storm event. It was also found that a residual amount of metals remains on the road surface after each storm.