Liquid Steel Transfer — The Delivery of Quality

Abstract

During recent years, in parallel with developments in high-speed casting, there have been increasing demands for improved steel quality. These demands are being met by advances in our knowledge of the chemical, physical and thermal interactions between steel, gas, slag and refractory phases which take place within individual reactors as well as during transfer operations. Transfer operations must be precisely controlled, otherwise they become destroyers of quality, and quality achieved within one reactor can be lost during transfer to the next. © 2000 Canadian Institute of Mining and Metallurgy. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.

Résumé

Au cours des dernières années, en parallèle avec 1es développements de la coulée haute vitesse, il y a eu une demande croissante de l'amélioration de la qualité de l'acier. On satisfait à ces demandes par l'avancement de notre connaissance des interactions chimiques, physiques et thermiques entre les phases d'acier, de gaz, de scories et de ráfractaires qui se produisent à l'interieur des récteurs individuels aussi bien que lors des opérations de transfert. On doit controler précisément les opérations de transfert, autrement elles deviennent des destructrices de qualité. En eilet, la qualité obtenue à l'intérieur d'un réacteur peut etre perdue lors du transfert vers le réacteur suivant. © 2000 Canadian Institute of Mining and Metallurgy. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved     

The scientific-pedagogical center for self-sustaining high-temperature synthesis—Its tenth year

News of the Russian Academy of Natural Sciences

The scientific-pedagogical center for self-sustaining high-temperature synthesis—Its tenth year     

Comparative Evaluation of Cast Aluminum Alloys for Automotive Cylinder Heads: Part I—Microstructure Evolution

Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A - The present study stages a comparative evaluation of microstructure and associated mechanical and thermal response for common cast aluminum alloys that...     

The effects of methylphenidate in the classroom: What dosage, for which children, for what problems?

In this study the authors conducted single-case analyses of the dosage and time-course effects of methylphenidate (MPH; Ritalin) on disruptive classroom behavior, math and reading performance, and social engagement. Clear individual differences were demonstrated (a) across children (aged 7 yrs) with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD); (b) across academic, behavioral, and social domains of functioning; (c) for dose-response effects; and (d) in the onset and duration of effects. These results are in contrast to the majority of group studies that suggest a generally positive and linear dose-response effect for MPH across both children and domains of functioning. No particular dose-response relationship between disruptive behavior and academic performance was indicated. However, an increasing dosage of MPH was associated with increasing social withdrawal for 2 of the 3 participants. Implications for school-based medication evaluations and for designing optimal comprehensive interventions for children who receive MPH are discussed. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2011 APA, all rights reserved)     

The incongruent dissolution of scorodite — Solubility,kinetics and mechanism

This work reports the results of a laboratory investigation on the long-term stability of crystalline scorodite conducted at fixed pH (5–9) and temperature (22 °C, 50 °C and 75 °C). The scorodite used in this work was prepared via a hydrothermal synthesis procedure. The dissolution of scorodite at 22 °C was found to be extremely slow. At neutral pH, the arsenic concentration stabilized after 24 weeks at 5.9 mg/L. Analysis of the solubility data as a function of temperature yielded a scorodite solubility model equation. The solubility product of scorodite was recalculated as 10^− 25.4 using the solubility data generated by the study and the geochemical code PHREEQC for solution modelling. As scorodite dissolved, the iron re-precipitated as 2-line ferrihydrite. The growth and re-crystallization of ferrihydrite was apparently retarded by arsenate adsorption. The dissolution rate of scorodite was modeled with a decreasing exponential equation. The initial rate approached first order dependency on OH⁻ concentration while the apparent activation energy suggested that scorodite dissolution is chemically controlled.     

Comparative Evaluation of Cast Aluminum Alloys for Automotive Cylinder Heads: Part II—Mechanical and Thermal Properties

Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A - The first part of this study documented the as-aged microstructure of five cast aluminum alloys namely, 206, 319, 356, A356, and A356+0.5Cu, that are...     

A process model for age hardening of aluminium alloys—I. The model

Process modelling techniques are used to describe the changes in yield strength due to age hardening of heat-treatable aluminium alloys. A model for the isothermal ageing curve is developed. This is demonstrated for a number of alloys and the success of the approach is assessed. Applications and a new diagram, showing the variation of strength with temperature and time, are described in an accompanying paper.     

The perennial debate: Nature, nurture, or choice? Black and White Americans' explanations for individual differences.

The authors examine 3 common explanations for human characteristics: genes, the environment, and choice. A representative sample of White and Black Americans indicated how much they believed each factor influenced individual differences in athleticism, nurturance, drive to succeed, math ability, tendency toward violence, intelligence, and sexual orientation. Results show that across traits (a) Black respondents generally favored choice and rejected genetic explanations, whereas White respondents indicated less causal consistency; (b) although a sizable subset of respondents endorsed just 1 factor, most reported multiple factors as at least partly influential; and (c) among White respondents, greater endorsement of genetic explanations was associated with less acceptance of choice and the environment, although among Black respondents a negative relationship held only between genes and choice. The social relevance of these findings is discussed within the context of the attribution, essentialism, and lay theory literature. The results underscore the need to consider more complex and nuanced issues than are implied by the simplistic, unidimensional character of the nature–nurture and determinism–free will debates—perennial controversies that have significance in the current genomic era. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

DOMESTIC MARKET PRICE(The last ten—day period of August, 1994)

(RMB Yuan/Metrie ton)┌───┬────┬────┬────┬────┬────┬────┬────┬────┬────┬────┐│ │BEI │TIAN │SHANG │SHEN │CHANG │l_AN │GUAN〔 │XIAN │WU │CHENG ││ │JING │JIN │ HAI │YANG │ SHA │ZHOU │Z     

The experiences in close relationships—Relationship Structures Questionnaire: A method for assessing attachment orientations across relationships.

Most research on adult attachment is based on the assumption that working models are relatively general and trait-like. Recent research, however, suggests that people develop attachment representations that are relationship-specific, leading people to hold distinct working models in different relationships. The authors report a measure, the Relationship Structures questionnaire of the Experiences in Close Relationships—Revised (ECR-RS; R. C. Fraley, N. G. Waller, & K. A. Brennan, 2000), that is designed to assess attachment dimensions in multiple contexts. Based on a sample of over 21,000 individuals studied online, it is shown that ECR-RS scores are reliable and have a structure similar to those produced by other measures. In Study 2 (N = 388), it is shown that relationship-specific measures of attachment generally predict intra- and interpersonal outcomes better than broader attachment measures but that broader measures predict personality traits better than relationship-specific measures. Moreover, it is demonstrated that differentiation in working models is not related to psychological outcomes independently of mean levels of security. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2011 APA, all rights reserved)     

The sense of entitlement in romantic relationships—Scale construction, factor structure, construct validity, and its associations with attachment orientations.

Based on clinical evidence and theoretical writings that pointed to the importance and uniqueness of the sense of entitlement in couple relationships, two studies were designed to develop and validate the Sense of Relational Entitlement (SRE) scale. A factor analysis performed on the scale's items yielded five factors that identified three basic entitlement-related attitudes toward a romantic partner. Findings indicated that both exaggerated and restricted forms of relational entitlement seem to be maladaptive and put people at risk for emotional problems. Findings also indicated that excessive and restricted forms of relational entitlement were significantly associated with attachment insecurities. In addition, the SRE scale was found to tap a unique psychological construct that moderately overlapped with constructs of narcissism and global entitlement. The discussion focuses on the developmental and psychodynamic sources of the sense of relational entitlement. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2011 APA, all rights reserved)     

Evaluation of the validity of the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children—Third edition comprehension and picture arrangement subtests as measures of social intelligence.

Clinical lore suggests that the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children—Third Edition (D. M. Wechsler, 1991) Comprehension and Picture Arrangement scores may be used as indices of social intelligence. This study evaluated this supposition by comparing these subtest scores with mother- and teacher-reported social functioning in 142 children with ADHD and 30 control children. After general intelligence was partialled out, the Comprehension subtest related to some aspects of social functioning, but the clinical significance of this was limited. The Picture Arrangement subtest was unrelated to social functioning, once general intelligence was controlled. These findings were consistent across study groups. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

The development, evolution, and status of Holland’s theory of vocational personalities: Reflections and future directions for counseling psychology.

This article celebrates the 50th anniversary of the introduction of John L. Holland’s (1959) theory of vocational personalities and work environments by describing the theory’s development and evolution, its instrumentation, and its current status. Hallmarks of Holland’s theory are its empirical testability and its user-friendliness. By constructing measures for operationalizing the theory’s constructs, Holland and his colleagues helped ensure that the theory could be implemented in practice on a widespread basis. Empirical data offer considerable support for the existence of Holland’s RIASEC types and their ordering among persons and environments. Although Holland’s congruence hypotheses have received empirical support, congruence appears to have modest predictive power. Mixed support exists for Holland’s hypotheses involving the secondary constructs of differentiation, consistency, and vocational identity. Evidence of the continued impact of Holland’s theory on the field of counseling psychology, particularly in the area of interest assessment, can be seen from its frequent implementation in practice and its use by scholars. Ideas for future research and practice using Holland’s theory are suggested. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

The “Standardization Conditions for Copper Smelting Industry” will Soon Be Published,Large Copper Manufacturers Will Become Beneficiary

正According to Chen Xuesen,Section Chief of the Department of Raw Materials,the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology,theStandardization Conditions for Copper Smelting Industryhas completed all procedures,but has not been printed and distributed yet,it will not be printed and distributed this week,and might be printed and